Articles tagged with Cancer Medication
American mayapple, a common weed in US, contains high podophyllotoxin levels, offering potential for commercial production of anti-cancer compound. Researchers identify eastern US colonies with high podophyllotoxin content, paving the way for development of high-value crop.
UCSF researchers have identified specific genes influencing how cancer cells respond to drugs and become resistant. The new strategy, using genetic mutations in mouse models, may lead to more effective treatments for leukemia and other cancers.
A Phase I clinical trial tested GDC-0449, a Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor, and demonstrated tumor shrinkage and limited side effects in patients with locally-advanced and metastatic basal cell carcinoma. The study's results suggest a durable clinical benefit, offering hope for patients with advanced skin cancer.
A Phase I clinical study found that GDC-0449 inhibited the Hedgehog signaling pathway in patients with advanced basal cell skin cancers, with half showing tumor regression. Another patient with medulloblastoma showed significant tumor shrinkage and improvement in symptoms.
Researchers from Thomas Jefferson University developed a prodrug that could potentially reduce or avoid skin toxicity associated with EGFR-inhibiting cancer drugs. The prodrug is designed to preferentially bind to tumor tissue, reducing side effects. By targeting the tumor site, the prodrug can minimize damage to normal tissues.
A new computational method called CHASM sorts through hundreds of genetic mutations to highlight those most likely to promote cancer. The tool enables researchers to focus on the mutations with the highest risk of triggering tumors, speeding up efforts to identify genetic cancer risk factors.
Researchers at Oregon State University discovered that chlorophyllin is 10 times more potent than hydroxyurea in killing colon cancer cells, suggesting its potential as a synergistic cancer treatment. Chlorophyllin works by blocking DNA synthesis, a mechanism also used by existing chemotherapy drugs.
Researchers found that nadroparin almost halves the risk of developing blood clots in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The study, published in The Lancet Oncology, showed a significant reduction in thromboembolic events in patients treated with nadroparin compared to those receiving placebo.
Researchers found that damaged melanosomes are toxic to melanoma cells and that functional melanosomes in late-stage cancer cells make them more resistant to treatment. Manipulating melanosome status could lead to new therapeutic avenues for treating pigment-producing cell-related diseases.
A new prognostic marker for human breast cancer has been identified, with elevated GLI1 protein levels associated with poor overall survival. The study found a positive correlation between GLI1 expression and tumor stage, lymph node status, and unfavorable prognosis.
Scientists found that primary cilia can either suppress or promote basal cell carcinoma, a type of skin cancer. Removing primary cilia from skin cancer cells blocks tumor growth, while boosting cilia function boosts tumor growth.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new approach to attach polymers to proteins, improving their circulation and efficacy in animal models. The new conjugates showed longer half-lives and remained active for up to 18 hours, potentially reducing toxic effects.
Researchers at TUM have developed a custom-tailored anti-cancer drug by understanding the mechanism of proteasome inhibition, a promising approach to treating cancer. By analyzing the reaction pathway and producing variants of the bacteria-produced Salinosporamide A, they aim to create effective drugs with improved safety and efficacy.
Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have discovered the mechanism behind a DNA repair-blocking approach to cancer treatment, suggesting that these drugs can sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. The findings also indicate that normal cells may be protected from DNA damage by these inhibitors.
Scientists at the University of North Carolina have found that drugs targeting ERBB3 could be more effective in killing colon cancers resistant to current EGFR inhibitors. Genetic studies show that blocking ERBB3 can significantly reduce cell growth and induce cell death in human colon cancer cells.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists identify inherited genes ARID5B and IKZF1 associated with childhood ALL, including a gene that may predict drug response. The study offers the first proof-based evidence of inheritance playing a role in childhood ALL.
The National Cancer Institute has named Emory University's Chemical Biology Discovery Center as part of an 11-member national consortium aiming to develop innovative targeted cancer therapies. The consortium will focus on unmet medical needs, including drugs with significant clinical promise.
Researchers have discovered that pimozide and olazapine, anti-psychotic drugs, can kill cancer cells in laboratory experiments. These findings suggest that these medications may be effective in treating certain types of cancer, such as lung and brain cancer.
A Stanford professor has successfully sequenced his entire genome for under $50,000 and with a team of just two people. The breakthrough demonstrates that genome sequencing can be democratized, enabling anyone to access the information, which can lead to personalized medicine and better understanding of traits and health.
Research found that childhood cancer survivors who received total body or abdominal radiation had a higher prevalence of diabetes, with those receiving abdominal irradiation at highest risk. The study suggests that clinicians should screen for diabetes and prediabetes in these patients and implement aggressive risk-reducing strategies.
Burnham will partner with NCI and private-sector companies to translate basic research into new cancer treatments. The consortium aims to accelerate the development of innovative therapeutics for high-risk areas of cancer biology.
Researchers from TGen and Scottsdale Healthcare presented two significant advances in treating lung cancer, including a potential method to prevent brain metastasis. A drug called TH-302 showed promising results in clinical trials, achieving stable disease or better in 75% of patients with small cell lung cancer.
Researchers at University of Illinois create a new cancer drug delivery system using aptamers, achieving high cell killing efficiency while sparing healthy cells. The approach integrates small molecules and antibodies, offering a general toolbox for treating various cancers.
A study developed an animal model revealing why imatinib (Gleevec) helps patients with chronic myeloid leukemia survive longer but not prevent disease recurrence. Researchers are now testing combinations of imatinib and other drugs to enhance its power.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have discovered a protein called cyclin B1 that is made in excess levels in many cancers. A vaccine targeting this protein may prevent malignancies in high-risk individuals, with promising results in mice vaccinated against it. The study's findings suggest that natural immu...
A phase I clinical trial enrolled its first patient only two days after FDA clearance, accelerating development of new cancer drugs. The joint effort between M.D. Anderson and AstraZeneca demonstrates how to shrink the time it takes to bring new therapies to patients.
Researchers at VCU have discovered a new approach to eliminate aggressive melanoma cells by triggering self-destruction through programmed cell death, potentially leading to improved treatment strategies for cancer patients.
Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center have discovered an altered type of microbiome dominated by Gram-negative bacteria in patients with esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus. This finding may provide a new approach to understanding the pathogenesis of reflux-related disorders.
A recent study published in Gastroenterology found that metformin significantly reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer in type 2 diabetic patients. Researchers analyzed data from over 1,800 participants and discovered a 62% reduction in risk when metformin was used alone or in combination with other therapies.
UCLA researchers developed a new way to scan brain tumors and predict which ones will respond to the drug Avastin before treatment. By linking high water movement in tumors to positive drug response, they predicted with 70 percent accuracy which patients' tumors were the least likely to grow six months after therapy.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology has named its 12th class of ASTRO Fellows, recognizing individuals who have made significant contributions to the field of radiation oncology through research, patient care, education, or leadership. The fellows will be recognized at the 51st Annual Meeting in November.
A novel immunoconjugate targeting EphA2 protein shows substantial antitumor activity in ovarian cancer cell lines and mice. The agent inhibits tumor growth by 85% compared to control, with significant effects on proliferation and apoptosis.
A large meta-analysis published in BMC Medicine shows that smokeless tobacco products do not increase cancer risk. The study found a significant reduction in cancer deaths among smokers who switched to smokeless tobacco.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center found a higher level of common household pesticides in the urine of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a type of childhood cancer. The study suggests an association between pesticide exposure and development of childhood ALL, but researchers caution that it does not pro...
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center identified a molecule, miR-21, playing an early and important role in the development of nonsmoking lung cancer. The study found that miR-21 levels were high in both early and late-stage tumors, suggesting it happens early in cancer development.
SRI International was chosen to lead three research and development centers in the NCI's Chemical Biology Consortium program. The goal of the program is to discover and develop new cancer therapeutics against novel molecular and genetic targets.
Researchers found that tamoxifen kills yeast cells and prevents them from causing disease by breaking apart and dying fungus cells. The drug has potential as an effective treatment against serious fungal infections, particularly in immune-compromised patients, offering a new arsenal to help critically ill patients.
Researchers identified a novel strategy to inhibit the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, which is involved in various physiological processes but also stimulates cancer development. By activating the liver X receptor (LXR), they were able to block tumor cell growth and prevent cancer formation in animal studies.
Research on proton therapy, including proton CT, aims to improve effectiveness and reduce costs. Protons deposit more energy inside cancerous tissue than neighboring healthy tissue, making them a targeted treatment option. New technologies, such as laser-driven acceleration, are being explored to make proton therapy more accessible.
A new drug compound Salirasib has shown positive results against pancreatic cancer, almost doubling the life expectancy of those who received it. The drug works by inhibiting a protein called Ras, which is abnormally activated in one-third of human cancers.
Researchers have detected 3,600 acetylation switches in 1,750 proteins, significantly expanding the number of known modifications. This discovery sheds light on how protein regulation is affected by diseases like cancer, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's.
Researchers found no evidence of improved survival with thalidomide treatment for small cell lung cancer. However, patients treated with thalidomide had a higher risk of thrombotic events.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have discovered how a protein molecule named Srs2 removes Rad51 from DNA, preventing unwanted exchanges of DNA sequences. This finding could lead to ways of enhancing chemotherapy drugs that destroy cancer cells by damaging their DNA.
Researchers at LSUHSC have been awarded a $1.3 million grant to develop a new cancer vaccine targeting melanoma and breast cancer. The grant will support the creation of a novel signaling pathway in T lymphocytes, which can detect cancer and boost tumor destruction.
Raxibacumab, a human monoclonal antibody drug, shows high efficacy in treating inhalation anthrax with a single dose. The treatment targets anthrax toxins after they are released by the bacteria into the blood and tissues.
Researchers advocate for systems biology in cancer treatment, promising improved diagnostic tools and new drug targets. The approach integrates mathematical modeling, simulations, and experiments to understand complex cancer processes.
Researchers found that finasteride use made no difference in high-grade cancer rates among men without cancer warning signs, but significantly reduced the risk in those with abnormal digital rectal exams or elevated PSA levels. The study suggests doctors can be less cautious in using finasteride for preventive treatment.
A new molecule finds and penetrates prostate cancer cells, allowing for targeted treatment and improved imaging. The targeting molecule has the potential to reduce toxic side effects and improve diagnosis of prostate cancer.
A new computer model developed at MIT allows researchers to design more stable antibodies, reducing clumping and aggregation issues. The model identifies regions responsible for aggregation and enables mutation of amino acids to increase stability without affecting function.
A recent study highlights the immense economic burden of life-extending cancer treatments in the US, estimated to be over $400 billion annually. The authors argue that interventions with survival advantages of two months or less should be prioritized to address this issue.
A new study from Cornell University engineers tiny containers that deliver drugs with almost 100% efficiency to targeted cells. The technique mimics a natural immune response and could be used to treat cancer, blood disorders, and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have discovered that anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat arthritis can shrink lymphoma tumors in mice. The study strengthens evidence for a link between inflammation and cancer, suggesting a new way to curb the malignancy of this type of lymphoma.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified two potential anti-cancer agents that target multiple genes associated with invasive liver cancer behavior. The compounds, Resveratol and 17-allylamino-geldanamycin (17-AAG), may reverse gene changes linked to tumor progression.
Scientists at the University of Gothenburg have discovered a 'water gate' in yeast cells that regulates water flow, which may lead to new cancer drugs. The discovery has potential applications in human cancer research and could result in inhibitors for human aquaporins.
UCF researcher J. Manuel Perez's nanoparticles could potentially replace chemotherapy with targeted cancer treatment. The nanoparticles, carrying Taxol and other molecules, selectively target cancer cells while leaving healthy tissue intact.
Researchers have identified a key gene, eIF4G1, overexpressed in the majority of cases of IBC, leading to rapid metastasis and high mortality rates. The study's findings could lead to new approaches and therapies for treating IBC.
PTEN-deficient cells have defective checkpoints that allow them to bypass DNA repair and continue growing despite radiation damage. Researchers found that correcting faulty checkpoint processes could increase radiation sensitivity in tumors with PTEN mutations.
A new review of cancer clinical trials reveals that women make up only 38.8% of patients enrolled, with a lower proportion in treatment-focused studies. Studies funded by government vs. private funds show a higher percentage of female participants.
A study from Northwestern University found that Cremophor-based paclitaxel caused life-threatening allergic reactions in 38% of patients, leading to 109 deaths. The solvent is believed to trigger severe reactions, even in patients with premedication.
Researchers identified a gene involved in inflammatory response that could hold key to treating CML, a lethal cancer. A drug combination targeting this gene showed improved therapeutic effect on CML in mice.