Articles tagged with Drug Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
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Research studies with smaller sample sizes are more prone to false results. Additionally, scientific fields with smaller postulated effects tend to have higher rates of false positive claims. Financial interests and prejudices can also influence the accuracy of research findings.
A new study published in the American Journal of Cardiology found that early statin therapy can significantly reduce mortality and other complications in heart attack victims. Patients who received statins before or within 24 hours of hospitalization had a 54% lower risk of in-hospital mortality, compared to those not on statin therapy.
A new trial has found that artesunate is more effective and has fewer side effects than the standard treatment of quinine in treating severe malaria. The study involved over 1,400 patients from four countries and showed a significant reduction in mortality rates with artesunate treatment.
New study finds that women and black patients with a heart attack are less likely to receive recommended treatments, including aspirin and reperfusion therapy. The researchers also found that cardiac catheterization was used less frequently in these patient groups.
A study by UC Irvine researchers discovered that estrogen has a protective effect on the mitochondria in vascular cells, increasing energy production efficiency and reducing oxidative stress. This finding suggests that estrogen may be beneficial for women's cardiovascular health, particularly after menopause.
A study examining media reports on the closure of HIV drug trials in Cambodia and Cameroon found that many articles failed to identify primary sources or provided inaccurate information. The researchers stress that both the media and trial organisers have a responsibility to provide accurate information during periods of controversy.
New study reveals that only about two-thirds of phase I clinical trial data were published within 7.5 years, highlighting the need for improvement in data dissemination. Lack of time and author relocation were cited as major obstacles to publication.
A new epidemiological study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found a protective relationship between non-aspirin, non-steroidal drugs (NANSAIDs) and heart attacks. The study used patient surveys instead of administrative databases, which may have skewed previous results.
A study found that two-thirds of Phase I abstracts accepted by the American Society of Clinical Oncology were published in peer-reviewed medical journals within seven and a half years. The median time to publication was 3.4 years, which is concerning as it may delay further investigation with encouraging agents.
A randomised study found that butterbur extract was as effective as conventional antihistamines in treating symptoms of intermittent allergic rhinitis. The extract also did not cause drowsiness, making it a potentially useful treatment option for patients who cannot tolerate other therapies.
A new statistical analysis of paroxetine trials reveals a significantly higher rate of suicide attempts among adults compared to placebo groups. The study confirms that all SSRIs increase suicidal tendencies in depressed adults, with increased intensity over time.
A four-year trial in Papua New Guinea is investigating the use of Fansidar as a preventative measure against malaria in children under five and pregnant women. The study suggests that giving just one tablet can reduce the impact of subsequent malaria infections by up to 50%, saving thousands of lives annually.
Researchers found a new way to distinguish virus-induced asthma from allergen-caused disease, highlighting increased IL-10 gene expression in viral infections. The study also showed benefits of inhaled corticosteroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
A recent study found that certain drugs, such as sulfonylureas and acetaminophen, may counteract nitroglycerin's effects, increasing cardiovascular risk. The researchers discovered that a specific mitochondrial enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase, is crucial for nitroglycerin action.
A new study shows that combining parathyroid hormone and alendronate for a year followed by a year increases bone density significantly more than other treatments, providing sustained gains. The treatment has the potential to offer the largest gains in bone density yet available at a lower cost than using parathyroid hormone alone.
Researchers found improved rates of optimal treatment after implementing standardized stroke care guidelines, including administration of tPA within three hours and cholesterol-lowering medications at discharge. The study showed a significant increase in the percentage of patients receiving optimal treatment from 44% to 63%.
A new VA / U-M study of 912 patients with diabetes reveals that the quality of doctor-patient relationships and mental health play a significant role in patients' medication use when drug costs become a burden. Nearly 30% of low-trust patients skipped medicines due to cost, while depression doubled the risk of skipping medicines.
Carol Jordan, director of the UK Center for Research on Violence Against Women, is being honored with a national justice award for her 23-year career in helping women and children who have faced sexual assault, intimate partner violence, child abuse, stalking, and other crimes. The $10,000 award will support endowment efforts to establ...
A UCSF study found that limited English proficiency is an independent risk factor for difficulty in understanding medical situations. Respondents who were LEP reported more comprehension problems despite having access to physicians speaking their native language.
The largest study of unrelated bone marrow transplantation for leukemia has demonstrated similar survival rates for T-cell depletion and immunosuppressive drug therapy approaches. The study, published in The Lancet, also found no appreciable differences in cost or quality of life between the two methods.
Key findings highlight the importance of including women in clinical trials due to differences in response to drug therapy, such as higher levels of adverse reactions and varying mortality rates. This lack of data affects treatment strategies, with many drugs prescribed to women adapted from studies conducted mainly in men.
A study by Mayo Clinic found that 72% of discharged patients couldn't list their medications or 58% couldn't recall their diagnosis. Dr. Friedman recommends improving communication through language, practicality, and time to avoid noncompliance.
Researchers halt Phase IIB/IIIA clinical trial of heparinase I due to higher incidences of negative side effects, including bleeding and infections. The study's lead author emphasizes the need for further research to develop an effective alternative to protamine.
Researchers found that pramipexole significantly decreased pain in patients with fibromyalgia, with at least a 50% decrease noted by 42% of the group. Overall, 82% of patients taking pramipexole reported some improvement in pain.
Researchers found M. catarrhalis responsible for 10% of COPD exacerbations, with potential to develop vaccines to prevent infections in patients. The study involved 104 adults with COPD and identified 120 episodes of M. catarrhalis infections associated with flare-ups.
Nutrient supplement experts emphasize the importance of a balanced diet over supplements, highlighting insufficient data on high dose supplementation and potential negative effects.
Researchers criticize activist groups for derailing PREP trials, citing concerns about drug's efficacy and safety. The pause in trials may hinder development of female-controlled prevention technologies.
A new study published in Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions found that drug-eluting stents are a safe treatment for heart attack patients, provoking no increase in complications. The stents prevented arterial renarrowing by 90% and reduced the need for repeat procedures.
A multi-site study found Risperidone effective in decreasing aggression, repetitive behaviors, and increasing social interaction in children with autism. The medication showed limited side effects, supporting its use as an intermediate-term treatment option.
Researchers tested Seroquel on 542 patients with bipolar depression, finding that 50% responded quickly to treatment and experienced reduced suicidal thoughts. The study's findings suggest a potential new standard of care for bipolar disorder.
A new study shows that ACTOS significantly improved components of diabetic dyslipidemia compared to Avandia. The results indicate that treatment with ACTOS lowered triglycerides and increased HDL-C, while improving LDL-C particle concentration and size. This is important for reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetics with hypertension can significantly reduce cardiovascular disease risks by taking diuretics, according to a new study. The medication has been shown to be more protective against heart failure and stroke in patients with diabetes and high blood pressure.
A new topical pain cream has been shown to decrease pain during IV cannulation and even facilitate the procedure, leading to improved outcomes for children. The study, conducted at Sick Kids Hospital in Toronto, found that 74% of children who received the cream successfully had their IV inserted on first attempt.
New study finds bipolar disorder prevalence higher than previously thought, with a significant economic burden and high risk of suicide; Lithium treatment may help reduce these risks.
The extension study found that oral liquid hydroxyurea was well-tolerated in babies and worked similarly to older children, increasing fetal hemoglobin levels and preventing sickle cell complications. The treatment may also improve quality of life for patients with sickle cell anemia, especially in underprivileged areas.
Researchers found limited evidence to support the effectiveness of 10 commonly prescribed medications for insomnia, including trazodone, which is often used as a first-line treatment.
A study of 1400 patients with single or infrequent seizures found that delaying antiepileptic drug treatment reduced short-term seizure recurrence. However, there was no significant difference in long-term outcomes, suggesting that immediate treatment may not offer long-term benefits.
A study of 36 studies found that minority populations received fewer preventive care measures for diabetes, including flu vaccinations and cholesterol tests. Socioeconomic factors, language differences, and potential bias in healthcare may contribute to these disparities.
The studies demonstrated that rhIGF-1 administration causes a prompt increase in blood IGFBP-3 levels in patients with IGF-1 deficiency. The findings suggest that IGFBP-3 is recruited into the bloodstream or IGF-1 is stabilized by binding to IGFBP-3, which may help guide optimal dosing of rhIGF-1.
Tercica has presented human and animal safety data showing no immunotoxic effects with long-term rhIGF-1 treatment. The data also demonstrate a reduction in the incidence of some endocrine cancers in animals, providing further evidence supporting the long-term safety of rhIGF-1 therapy.
A study by Ohio State University found that benzodiazepines are widely prescribed for sleep disorders, with nearly two-thirds of visits resulting in medication prescriptions. The study also showed disparities in prescription patterns based on age, insurance type, and physician specialty.
A Dartmouth professor studied two US-air drug ads from 1999 to examine how effectively prescription drug ads convey their messages. The study found that de-integrating risk information improved recall of general information and led to a perception of greater informational content, but no increase in knowledge about the drug's risks.
Research from Mayo Clinic Proceedings reveals that patients traveling long distances prior to surgery are at increased risk of postoperative blood clots, which can be life-threatening. The study also found a threshold for anesthesia duration that increases the risk of blood clots in veins after surgery.
The Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) will investigate patients who have suffered severe liver injury due to medications. The network aims to identify genetic risk factors for such injuries, which are a major cause of sudden liver failure and new drug failures.
EQUETRO demonstrates significant reduction in manic symptoms for patients previously taking valproate or lithium, with average YMRS scores decreasing by 10.8 and 11.6 points, respectively. The medication is an effective treatment option for acute manic and mixed episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder.
A recent study found that patients taking SSRIs before heart surgery have higher mortality rates four years later. The researchers suggest that depression itself is the primary cause of increased mortality, rather than medication use. The study recommends closer monitoring and treatment for depressed patients undergoing heart surgery.
Researchers found that GM-CSF treatment alleviated symptoms of Crohn's disease and improved patients' quality of life, with significantly less inflammation in the mucosal linings. The study showed a 40% remission rate for those receiving the drug compared to 19% of placebo recipients.
A study of 11,407 patients found that increased adherence to controller therapies like Pulmicort Respules resulted in a 23.2% decrease in exacerbations among more adherent patients compared to 16.8%. This translates to fewer ER visits and improved asthma control for children with asthma.
A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial found that ondansetron did not have a fatigue-reduction benefit greater than the considerable placebo effect. The study suggests that other drugs targeting the central nervous system may prove effective in combating fatigue associated with primary biliary cirrhosis.
Patients with both conditions adhere to medication regimens at rates of 44.7%, 35.9% and 35.8% respectively over three months, six months and one year, according to the study. The strongest predictor of adherence was the number of other prescribed medications taken in the year before treatment initiation.
A study found that ramelteon demonstrated no abuse potential, unlike triazolam, with no dose-related effect on task performance. Ramelteon targets the MT1 and MT2 receptors in the brain's suprachiasmatic nuclei, providing a new mechanism of action for insomnia treatment.
Major medical journals, including Annals of Internal Medicine, will consider publishing results of clinical trials only if they are registered in a publicly accessible database before enrollment begins. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) has adopted a set of 20 required data elements for trial registration.
In a study published in Archives of Internal Medicine, researchers found that despite implementing multiple computerized interventions, medication errors continued to occur at high rates. The authors identified common error types, including failure to monitor adverse drug reactions and improper medication dosages.
Researchers found trospium, an anti-muscarinic drug, has a topical effect on the bladder muscle that controls contractions. This effect reduces muscle contractions and increases bladder capacity, offering new hope for patients with overactive bladder.
In two studies, Lichtenstein and colleagues found that Rifaximin relieved symptoms of SBBO and pouchitis in patients with Crohn's disease, scleroderma, and mixed connective tissue disorders. The antibiotic demonstrated complete remission of symptoms in most patients, with no adverse events reported.
A randomized multicenter study found that the doxorubicin-docetaxel combination is associated with an increased risk of severe sepsis and life-threatening complications in breast cancer patients. The incidence of febrile neutropenia was significantly higher with this regimen, resulting in 2 deaths related to drug toxicity.
A new combination of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide reduced systolic blood pressure by an average of 21.5 points in 77% of patients, with 83% achieving acceptable diastolic blood pressure levels. The study included diverse patient groups and showed significant results.
A recent study by Mayo researchers suggests that using results from clinical trials for one and two years can be as predictive of long-term outcomes in cancer patients as three-year data. The goal of this new approach is to make promising new therapies available more quickly to help patients.
Researchers have found that an experimental drug can effectively prevent much of the brain damage caused by traumatic injury. In a study using rat models, the drug was shown to reduce brain damage and improve cognitive and motor function. The breakthrough could potentially lead to new treatments for human traumatic brain injuries.
Medical journals rely heavily on pharmaceutical funding, which can lead to biased research and favoritism towards company-funded trials. Experts like Richard Smith argue that this creates a cycle of dependency that compromises the credibility of journals.