Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A new study from Ohio State University found that patients taking lisinopril were more likely to have their prescriptions refilled on time if the medication came in a blister package. The researchers also noted a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure among patients who received blister packages.
A randomized trial found that the ALL-2 regimen of cytarabine with high-dose mitoxantrone improved complete remission rates and survival outcomes for patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. The regimen demonstrated a significant survival advantage, particularly in patients with the Philadelphia chromosome genetic predisposition.
A study found that inhibiting EGFR with gefitinib can reduce breast tumor size by 30-99% in some cases. Researchers are now designing studies to assess the potential of this approach as a neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer.
A study by the University of California - Davis Health has demonstrated a significantly improved survival rate for locally advanced lung cancer patients using a chemotherapy regimen that includes docetaxel. The study showed a five-year survival rate of 29 percent, surpassing previous results.
A multinational survey found that OTC medications are less effective in relieving GERD symptoms compared to prescription medication. Prescription proton pump inhibitors and other drugs showed significant symptom improvement, with 80% and 90% of patients reporting relief, respectively.
New research from Mayo Clinic reveals that adding trastuzumab to chemotherapy reduces breast cancer recurrence by 52% and death risk by 33%. The study's findings could change the standard of care for thousands of women with HER-2 positive breast cancer.
A multicenter study found that esomeprazole maintained a pH of greater than 4.0 for 17.8 hours, while lansoprazole and pantoprazole did not match this duration. The study also showed that long-term NSAID use increases the risk of stomach ulcers.
A clinical trial found rifaximin effective in preventing travelers' diarrhea, with only 14.74% of participants experiencing symptoms after two weeks of daily dosing. The antibiotic lacks side effects and does not stimulate resistance in bacteria, making it a promising preventive measure.
Studies evaluate wireless capsule endoscopy, barium contrast series, and endoscopic gastric plication for small bowel surveillance and GERD treatment. These procedures show varying degrees of success in detecting polyps and reducing symptoms.
The study found that levels of biomarkers linked to arterial inflammation and heart attack risk decreased after taking the drug DG-031. The drug reduced production of leukotriene B4 by 26 percent and myeloperoxidase by 12 percent, suggesting a potential reduction in cardiovascular events.
A Dutch study found that non-cardiac drugs affecting heart electrical activity increase sudden cardiac death risk by three times. Anti-psychotics and GI medications were most closely linked to this increased risk.
Researchers found that increasing dopamine D2 receptors can reduce drinking behavior in mice and rats, while blocking another type of dopamine receptor may also decrease consumption. These findings provide insight into the complex roles of dopamine in alcohol abuse and may lead to molecular-based treatments.
A small-scale trial of atorvastatin calcium found significant reductions in circulating cholesterol levels and potential benefits on cognitive function and behavior in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. The results hold promise for the treatment of AD, but further multicenter trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Researchers found that combining methylphenidate patch with behavior modification was superior to either treatment alone, achieving greater improvement in child behavior. The study also showed significant reductions in medication dosages needed, making it ideal for administering lower doses over time.
Exposure and response prevention therapy is shown to be effective in reducing OCD symptoms in children, with benefits lasting after treatment ends. Medication therapy also reduces symptoms but does not provide a cure for the disorder.
CONRAD will conduct two Phase III clinical trials in India and four African countries to test a vaginal microbicide candidate, Ushercell, developed by CONRAD in collaboration with Polydex Pharmaceuticals. The goal is to determine its effectiveness in preventing HIV transmission.
Researchers found that sirolimus-eluting stents significantly reduced the need for target-vessel revascularization (TVR) and cumulative incidence of death, reinfarction, stroke, or TVR compared to bare-metal stents. The STRATEGY trial showed a reduction in heart attack risk with tirofiban plus sirolimus-eluting stenting.
Exercise therapy has a small beneficial effect on chronic low back pain but no impact on shorter-term pain, according to two new studies. A plant-based low-fat diet is also better at lowering LDL cholesterol levels than a similar diet without veggies.
Researchers found that both medication (nefazodone) and psychotherapy (CBASP) are effective in treating chronic depression even when the initial treatment fails. The study showed that switching between these two treatments resulted in improved symptoms for many patients, suggesting a strong basis for adjusting treatment plans.
A recent study by the American Academy of Ophthalmology reveals that many glaucoma patients fail to take their medication properly, with up to half delaying refills or missing doses. This non-adherence can lead to increased hospital admissions and lost productivity, resulting in significant economic costs worldwide.
The study found that doctors prescribed antidepressants more often when patients asked for them, with 53% of the time when Paxil was requested. This raises concerns about the overuse of antidepressants in mild cases and the impact of direct-to-consumer advertising on healthcare quality.
Researchers made significant findings on the risk factors for Parkinson's disease, including active duty military service and ibuprofen use. Additionally, donepezil showed promise in slowing cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients, while essential tremor was linked to increased dementia risk.
A randomized trial found that patients' requests for medication, influenced by direct-to-consumer advertising, significantly impacted physicians' prescribing decisions. Patients making general requests had the highest prescribing rates, while those with no request received the lowest rate.
A recent study, led by Dr. Edward Romond, found that adding trastuzumab to chemotherapy significantly improves prognosis for women with aggressive HER-2 positive breast cancer. The study involved over 3,300 patients and demonstrated substantial benefits of combining trastuzumab with chemotherapy.
Researchers have confirmed that methotrexate and leflunomide are safe and effective treatments for children with severe juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The study found a higher response rate in children compared to adults, providing new hope for families affected by this chronic disease.
A new meta-analysis shows patients treated with nesiritide had an 80% increased risk of death compared to traditional drugs, highlighting the need for a randomized clinical trial. The study's authors argue that nesiritide is likely associated with important risks and suggest diuretics and vasodilators as safer alternatives.
A recent study found that patients taking calcium supplements had a 36 percent reduction in polyp formation, with even greater protection against non-neoplastic hyperplastic polyps. However, the protective effect diminished over time, falling to a non-significant 19 percent after 10 years.
A study of over 1,500 participants found that rimonabant treatment led to significant weight loss and improvements in cardiovascular risk factors. Patients who received the drug experienced a sustained pattern of weight loss and reductions in waist circumference, cholesterol levels, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
A Northwestern Memorial study finds that smart pump technology alone has limited potential to improve patient safety, but integrating it with EHRs and other technologies can significantly reduce errors. The hospital is developing a robust two-way communication system to verify physician orders in real-time.
A new study assesses the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceuticals in different countries, highlighting the importance of considering location-specific factors. The findings emphasize that economic evaluations are not transferable across borders, requiring repeated studies to determine cost-effectiveness.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine suggests that symptom-driven therapy may be an effective treatment option for adults with mild persistent asthma. The research found that participants who took medication only when symptoms appeared had similar lung function changes and quality-of-life scores compared to thos...
A study found that adult patients with mild persistent asthma fare similarly whether they take inhaled steroids daily or only during symptoms. This suggests a possible cost-saving benefit, as estimated annual medication costs would be $2 billion lower if patients took steroids only when needed.
A major clinical trial suggests that the use of donepezil may delay the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in people with mild cognitive impairment, with a 58% reduced risk at one year. The study also highlights the importance of considering genetic factors, such as apolipoprotein E-4, in making treatment decisions.
Rufinamide shows promise in reducing seizures for patients with treatment-resistant Lennox-Gastaut epilepsy. A new gene mutation in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and a common mutation in Parkinson's disease were also identified, offering potential new avenues for research.
A study analyzing ASSENT-2 clinical trial data found no significant association between small dosing errors and increased mortality rates among heart attack patients. However, patients with certain factors such as advanced age, female gender, and lower blood pressure were more likely to experience adverse events.
A new painless diagnostic test for Sjögren's syndrome could be available in two to three years, promising faster diagnosis and reduced severity of symptoms. The test involves analyzing teardrops collected from patients' eyes, which may help identify specific protein biomarkers for the disease.
A six-month study found that long-acting naltrexone injections reduced heavy drinking within the first month of treatment and maintained this response over time. The medication was associated with significant reductions in alcohol dependence when used in conjunction with counseling sessions.
A trial found that raloxifene, a commonly prescribed drug for osteoporosis, reduced the risk of mild cognitive impairment by 33% in postmenopausal women. The study suggests that estrogen-like effects on the central nervous system may play a role in this finding.
A six-month study found that long-acting naltrexone combined with low-intensity counseling significantly reduced heavy drinking days, from 19 to three per month. The treatment was well-tolerated and effective in reducing alcohol dependence.
The ALLHAT study confirms diuretics are superior to newer drugs in lowering blood pressure and preventing complications. Diuretics were also found to be more effective in reducing high blood pressure and preventing stroke in black patients.
A study of ALLHAT trial data reveals that thiazide-type diuretics are superior to ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers in reducing cardiovascular disease incidence and heart failure in both black and non-black patients. Diuretic-based treatment also showed reduced risk of myocardial infarction and fatal coronary heart disease.
The ALLHAT study found that diuretics are superior to calcium channel blockers and ACE inhibitors in lowering blood pressure and preventing heart failure. Diuretics were also more effective in reducing high blood pressure and stroke in black patients, supporting the use of diuretics as first-line therapy for high blood pressure
A new long-acting injectable naltrexone formulation has been shown to reduce heavy drinking by 25% and is well-tolerated, indicating a potential improvement in intervention strategies for alcohol dependence. The study featured one of the largest samples ever treated with a medication for alcohol dependence.
A recent study reveals that cognitive therapy is as effective as antidepressant medication in treating depression, but with a lasting impact even after treatment concludes. Cognitive therapy equips patients with skills to manage problems and emotions, outperforming medication in preventing relapses over time.
A study found that atypical antipsychotic medication olanzapine reduced gray matter volume less than conventional haloperidol, while healthy volunteers showed no significant changes. These differences were associated with varying improvements in neurocognitive functioning and behavioral pathology.
A randomized trial of 240 moderately to severely depressed patients found that cognitive therapy was as effective as antidepressant medication in achieving response and remission. The study supports the idea that cognitive therapy can be a viable treatment option for severe depression, even when provided by experienced therapists.
The Rheos System uses low-level electrical stimulation to activate the brain's control mechanisms, promoting fluid excretion and reducing blood pressure. The device has shown promise in lowering blood pressure in patients who have not responded to medications.
A head-to-head study comparing Lidoderm patches and Celebrex found that Lidoderm alleviated knee pain in 54% of patients, while Celebrex showed similar results in 62%. The study's findings are promising for further research into Lidoderm's potential as an osteoarthritis treatment.
A study shows that lidocaine patch 5% and celecoxib achieved significant reductions in pain intensity, with 62% of patients in the celecoxib group experiencing a 30% or greater improvement. The findings offer hope for OA patients seeking alternative pain relief options.
A new study found that aspirin is as effective as warfarin in treating blocked brain arteries but has a significantly lower risk of major hemorrhage and death. The study, which involved over 500 patients, suggests that aspirin could be a safer alternative to warfarin for those with intracranial stenosis.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center discovered that blocking cyclophilin D protects the heart from injury due to loss of blood flow. A class of drugs already exists that blocks cyclophilin D and has been shown to protect against stroke in animal models.
Researchers at OHSU have developed a medication that blocks the MC4 receptor to reverse the effects of cachexia, increasing appetite and weight while decreasing metabolic rate. The study demonstrates a potential new treatment for this serious disorder, providing hope for patients affected by AIDS and cancer.
Researchers found variants of genes involved in anti-epileptic drug metabolism to be associated with higher doses. This discovery could lead to personalized treatment plans and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers found that a diet rich in docosahexenoic acid (DHA) significantly slowed Alzheimer's disease progression in mice by reducing harmful brain plaques. This study suggests that boosting DHA intake may delay or prevent the disease, even for those genetically predisposed.
The US FDA proposed a document describing good clinical practices that is weaker than the Declaration of Helsinki regarding patient protections. This move has sparked concerns over US exceptionalism in research ethics, following its withdrawal from several international treaties affecting public health.
A recent review found a strong relationship between psychological problems, particularly depression, and insomnia in HIV patients. Healthcare workers should prioritize diagnosing and treating anxiety and depression to prevent insomnia and its disabling effects on patients with HIV.
A study on lamotrigine found a 2.9% risk of birth defects, similar to the general population, while valproic acid had a 12.5% risk when used with other epilepsy drugs. Researchers emphasize the importance of controlling seizures and planning carefully to minimize risks during pregnancy.
A Boston University team found an association between naturally high levels of blood cholesterol and improved mental functioning, including visual organization, memory, attention, and concentration. However, the benefits were modest and did not outweigh the risks of heart disease and stroke associated with high cholesterol.
Researchers discovered that methamphetamine triggers an immune response by forming antibodies, leading to increased tolerance and binge behavior. This finding may lead to the development of specific antibodies as a clinical treatment for addiction.
The government is funding an ineffective drug cure for chronic hemodialysis patients, with costs estimated at $8086 per year per person. Dr. Theodore Steinman argues that more and better studies are needed before L-carnitine can be used on a wide scale basis.