Articles tagged with Drug Studies
A study published in PLOS ONE found that mothers with early HIV infection and high CD4+ counts who continued antiretroviral therapy (ART) after delivery experienced fewer adverse outcomes. However, challenges with long-term ART adherence were observed.
Between 2001 and 2010, nearly a third of FDA-approved pharmaceuticals and biologics experienced postmarket safety events. These events, including withdrawals and boxed warnings, affect patient care and decision-making. Postmarket risks are often only apparent in larger patient populations and longer durations.
A recent study by UT Southwestern researchers reveals ghrelin's role in preventing hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The hormone helps regulate blood sugar levels when glucagon activity is blocked, suggesting a potential new treatment approach for diabetes.
Researchers found that psychological interventions like relaxation and stress management reduced pain in several studies, while two dietary interventions and antibiotics also showed effects on abdominal pain. However, further research is needed due to the small and non-conclusive nature of most studies.
A Yale University study found that 32% of new drugs were flagged for a safety issue after approval, with biologic therapies and accelerated approvals being more likely to be associated with concerns. The findings highlight the need for ongoing surveillance of new drugs in the post-market period.
Recent studies identified targeted therapies that improved benefits for patients with pancreatic cancer, including one with an ALK gene mutation. The assessment of actionable alterations is now part of routine care at UPMC.
A patient-centered medical home model successfully treated 66 patients with HCV, demonstrating that general internists can deliver effective care. The multidisciplinary team approach and enhanced social work services show promise for broader implementation of HCV treatment in primary care settings.
The clinical trial found that systemic therapy preserved visual acuity and had fewer side effects compared to the intraocular implant. The researchers concluded that systemic therapy would be the first choice of treatment for average patients with uveitis.
A study published in JAMA found that systemic therapy with oral corticosteroids and immunosuppression can preserve or improve vision in the long term, better than regional implant therapy, for patients with severe uveitis. The treatment approach showed fewer ocular side effects and no significant increase in systemic side effects.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that obese women are less likely to experience severe complications from preeclampsia, such as stroke and seizures. The studies also identified risk factors for persistent high blood pressure after delivery among women with preeclampsia.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that obese women are less than half as likely to experience strokes, seizures, and other serious complications of preeclampsia. The studies also identified risk factors for persistent high blood pressure after delivery among women with preeclampsia.
A phase III CONVERT trial study presented at ELCC 2017 shows that white blood cell boosting drugs are safe during concurrent chemo-radiotherapy of small cell lung cancer. The use of G-CSF had no significant negative impact on patient outcomes, supporting its use to mitigate neutropenia and increase chemotherapy delivery.
A comprehensive review of clinical and basic research studies found that antipsychotics improve outcomes for patients with schizophrenia and related disorders. The benefits of these medications outweigh potential side effects, and delaying treatment can lead to poorer long-term outcomes.
A new study found that buprenorphine significantly reduces the duration of therapy for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), cutting treatment time by nearly half. Buprenorphine is a longer-lasting drug than morphine and works differently at the opioid receptor, making it more effective and safer.
A recent clinical trial found that buprenorphine is as safe and effective as morphine in treating newborns with withdrawal symptoms after prenatal drug exposure. The study showed a 42% decrease in treatment length compared to standard morphine, with an average treatment duration of 15 days versus 28 days.
A clinical trial found that the drug teprotumumab significantly reduces eye bulging, pain, and swelling in patients with moderate-to-severe active thyroid eye disease. The treatment, which blocks an autoimmune attack on muscles around the eyes, showed rapid therapeutic benefits within six weeks of infusions.
The Microbicide Trials Network (MTN) starts a Phase I study to test a vaginal ring containing dapivirine and levonorgestrel, aiming to provide protection against HIV and unintended pregnancy. The trial aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the dual-purpose ring.
A new study in The Lancet found that muscle-related symptoms are less commonly reported when patients and doctors are unaware of statin therapy. However, when patients know they're taking a statin, they were more likely to report symptoms, suggesting the nocebo effect may be at play.
Research suggests that pharmaceutical promotion can lead to overprescription of brand-name medications. The study found that top-selling and top-prescribed drugs were more likely to be effective, safe, affordable, novel, and represent a genuine advance in treating a disease. However, heavily promoted drugs often fell short in these areas.
A new study suggests that adjusting psychiatric medication can reduce the risk of falls among older adults. The research found an association between depressive symptoms and falls, with moderate increases in depressive symptoms linked to a 30% higher risk of experiencing a fall over two years.
A study led by Penn and Columbia researchers found a link between the production of an enzyme called ADAMTS7 and smoking-related heart disease. The team discovered that smoking boosts ADAMTS7 production, which can lead to clogged blood vessels and CHD.
Ten patients at Penn Medicine have been cured of Hepatitis C following kidney transplants from HCV-infected donors. The study demonstrates the potential for increasing organ supply and may open up new transplant options for hundreds more patients.
Serelaxin, a hormone with vasodilatory effects, failed to improve cardiovascular outcomes in the phase 3 RELAX-AHF-2 trial. Despite initial promising results from previous studies, serelaxin showed no significant benefit in reducing worsening heart failure or all-cause mortality.
A clinical trial has discovered a drug combination that significantly reduces eye inflammation in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). The therapy, Adalimumab plus Methotrexate, showed a 75% reduction in eye inflammation and prevented treatment failure.
A systematic review found yoga practice reduced symptoms of menstrual disorders in premenstrual women, including improved mood and reduced pain. Enhanced relaxation response was also observed.
Researchers investigated whether easily identifiable patient characteristics can improve treatment outcomes for panic disorders. They found correlations between longer illness duration and lower response rates to venlafaxine XR, higher age and increased side effects with paroxetine, and longer treatment durations and improved response ...
A global trial found that administering tranexamic acid within three hours of giving birth reduced death due to bleeding by 31%, with no side effects. The study also showed a significant reduction in the need for urgent surgery, saving up to 36% of mothers' lives.
Studies presented at AGS17 show promising results for deprescribing benzodiazepines using tools for healthcare providers and education for older adults. A Patient-Facing Advance Care Planning website increased ACP documentation and engagement among older primary care patients.
A therapeutic vaccine is being tested to prevent or reduce cervical cancer recurrence in women at high risk. The vaccine has shown promise in extending survival time for patients with recurrent disease, and its safety and efficacy are being evaluated in a phase 3 study.
Researchers at RMIT University have successfully completed phase one human trials of ingestible capsules that measure gas levels in the gastrointestinal tract. The technology has demonstrated thousands of times more sensitivity to gut gases than alternative methods, offering a reliable diagnostic tool for colon cancer.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have discovered a new cause of high blood pressure, known as Connshing syndrome, which is characterized by the overproduction of both aldosterone and cortisol. This condition can lead to increased risk of heart attack and stroke, and may require additional treatment beyond current medications.
A new study found that Medicaid expansion resulted in a 19% increase in prescription fills for adults, with the largest growth in medications for diabetes and birth control. The study also showed that increases in prescription drug utilization were greater in areas with higher uninsured rates and larger Hispanic and black populations.
A Phase 2 trial found rituximab not effective in treating fatigue in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients, but showed improvements in anaerobic threshold. The study suggests further research on specific types of fatigue may yield more favorable results.
A new study found that cannabidiol may reduce seizures by half in people with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, a severe form of epilepsy. The treatment showed great promise in reducing drop seizures and improving overall condition, but also had side effects such as decreased appetite and sleepiness.
Researchers at CU Anschutz Medical Campus found that cannabinoids may be effective in treating eczema, psoriasis, and other skin diseases. Topical cannabinoid drugs with little psychotropic effect could provide relief for patients with itchy skin conditions.
A global clinical trial will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a long-acting injectable HIV prevention drug, cabotegravir, compared to a daily oral pill, Truvada. The study aims to improve adherence and efficacy in high-risk men who have sex with men and transgender women.
A phase one study of 11 patients with glioblastoma who received injections of an investigational vaccine therapy and an approved chemotherapy showed the combination to be well tolerated while also resulting in unexpectedly significant survival increases. The researchers found that the combination significantly slowed the progression of...
Research finds that injecting drugs triggers immune system inflammation, harming chronic disease progression; cessation of injections can reduce immune activation levels. Harm reduction strategies, such as treatment for hepatitis C and encouraging injection frequency reductions, may also have positive effects.
Researchers found that vitamin B supplements nearly reversed negative effects on heart rate, white blood count, and lymphocyte count in healthy non-smokers exposed to fine particle pollution. The findings suggest a potential preventive pharmacological intervention using B vitamins to contain air pollution health effects.
Researchers analyzed 11 trials involving 6,560 PVD patients and found no significant effect on death rates or major cardiac events. The study suggests that aspirin therapy may not be beneficial for certain patients with peripheral vascular disease.
Researchers found that by 18 weeks, only half of individuals on cholinesterase inhibitor medications were continuing to take them. The study also identified the most common side effects, which were primarily gastrointestinal, and found that cost was a major reason for discontinuation.
A new study identified genes that may underlie differences in treatment outcomes for children with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE). The research suggests a potential link between gene variants and the effectiveness of certain drugs, paving the way for precision medicine approaches to tailor treatments.
A study published in JAMA found that spinal manipulation therapy associated with modest improvements in pain and function at up to 6 weeks, with temporary minor musculoskeletal harms. The treatment has a statistically significant association with improvements in both pain and function, but heterogeneity in study results remains a concern.
A study of an online stroke forum found that three in 10 stroke survivors will experience further strokes, highlighting the importance of secondary prevention medications. Despite this, patients often disregard general practitioners' advice on these medications, with some stopping treatment completely due to side effects.
Researchers are testing an anti-amyloid drug on people with elevated amyloid levels but no cognitive decline. The goal is to identify an early stage of the disease and delay onset by five years by 2025, which could save billions in healthcare costs.
Research highlights growing challenges faced by older adults in managing medications and finances over time. The study found that rates of needing help with these tasks increased with age, particularly among women and those with certain health conditions.
A new study confirms denosumab's short-term and long-term safety in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis. Women on long-term treatment experienced no increase in adverse effects compared to those on placebo or shorter treatment durations.
Omalizumab, an asthma drug, demonstrates significant symptom improvements and prevention in patients with cold urticaria and symptomatic dermographism. The treatment was found to be effective in nearly half of patients with symptoms after exposure to stimuli.
A large clinical trial is being conducted to identify the most promising Ebola vaccination regimens to protect people from the disease. The PREVAC trial will enroll over 5,000 adults and children in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone to evaluate three experimental vaccine strategies.
A clinical trial found that 13% of patients with high PSA levels after initial hormone therapy showed strong responses to abiraterone acetate, with 5 full responders and partial benefits in 33% of cases.
A new study from Ohio State University suggests that body weight plays a significant role in the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplements in children. The researchers found that the more a child weighed, the smaller the measurement was of key omega-3 fatty acids in their bloodstream.
Providing pedometers to individuals with rheumatoid arthritis increased activity levels and decreased fatigue. The study's findings suggest that simple increases in physical activity can help manage fatigue.
The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has increased the limit on work shifts for first-year physicians from 16 to 24 hours, allowing additional hours beyond that. This change reflects a higher standard in evidence-based medical education.
PharmaMar has reported new data on the mechanism of action of plitidepsin and lurbinectedin, two compounds being investigated for their potential to treat multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer. The study demonstrates the capacity of lurbinectedin to reverse cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells.
A review of studies suggests substituting nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and nurses for physicians can achieve comparable patient outcomes in terms of morbidity, mortality, satisfaction, and quality of life. However, more research is needed to confirm the cost-effectiveness and quality of healthcare.
A recent Phase 1 trial found that an experimental drug called G100 triggered a heightened immune response in tumors, causing them to stop growing or shrink in 14 out of 15 patients. The treatment, which is based on a bacterial molecule, may represent a promising way to induce localized immune responses against cancer.
A new study from Scripps Research Institute suggests that a synthetic small molecule called Isoxazole-9 can block the formation of new neurons in the brain, leading to reduced drug-seeking behavior and preventing relapse. The study found that Isoxazole-9 also repaired structural changes in neurons exposed to methamphetamine.
A study found that adding a question about blood thinner use improves sensitivity for identifying traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. Researchers analyzed charts for 2,100 patients and suggested that medication history should be available to EMS providers to ensure timely treatment.
Researchers found significant ethnic differences in visual function among Chinese, Malay, and Indian participants with age-related macular degeneration. Visual acuity was poorer in Chinese participants with early or late AMD, while Malay participants showed a trend of worsening visual function with increasing AMD severity.
A study found that triethylene glycol (TEG), an active component of Ashwagandha, induces non-rapid eye movement sleep significantly and changes rapid eye movement sleep slightly. TEG's physiologically sound sleep is comparable to normal sleep, offering a potential natural solution for insomnia and related disorders.