Articles tagged with Drug Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Joslin Diabetes Center is participating in two NIH-funded clinical trials to test artificial pancreas systems that automatically monitor and regulate blood glucose levels. If successful, the trials could lead to regulatory approval for use of these devices, improving glucose control and reducing diabetes self-management burden.
Researchers are exploring a new infusion therapy that could help smooth out movement for patients with Parkinson's by providing constant levodopa levels and stimulating dopamine receptors. The therapy aims to reduce off-time and increase on-time movement, improving overall quality of life.
A study found that taking abiraterone acetate, a widely used prostate cancer drug, with a low-fat breakfast is as effective as taking it on an empty stomach, but at a significantly lower cost. The finding could save patients thousands of dollars per month.
Researchers develop plant-based therapy to prevent antibodies from forming against clotting factor VIII, a common cause of hemophilia reactions. The treatment showed promising results in dog trials, with significantly lower antibody levels and no negative side effects.
Two new studies on ACO payment models report significant reductions in postacute care spending, with no apparent decrease in quality. The Medicare Shared Savings Program saw a 9% reduction in spending by 2014, driven by decreases in hospital admissions and facility stays.
A new study found that financial barriers significantly impact medication adherence in neurology patients, with the majority of nonadherence cases attributed to costs. The study suggests that tailored strategies are needed to identify and address these issues, particularly among cognitively- and socioeconomically vulnerable populations.
Researchers have identified a potential epilepsy treatment, lorcaserin, that suppresses seizure activity in children with Dravet syndrome. The treatment was developed using a zebrafish model and showed promising results in a small clinical trial.
A team of biomedical scientists has identified a molecule that targets the EphA4 receptor, a gene associated with rapid ALS progression. The research aims to delay motor neuron death and explore potential applications in spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, and some cancers.
A new ultra-low dose four-in-one pill has shown remarkable results in treating high blood pressure, with all patients experiencing significant drops in blood levels within 4 weeks. Researchers also found no side effects associated with the treatment, which could be a game-changer for patients worldwide.
A recent study published in ACS Chemical Neuroscience found that the commercial weight-loss drug lorcaserin can help reduce opioid use and cravings in rats. The researchers administered lorcaserin to rats who had been self-administering oxycodone, resulting in decreased oxycodone use and drug-seeking behaviors.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying RASopathies by studying zebrafish and fruit flies. They discovered that lower signaling levels can correspond to a RASopathy disease, challenging conventional wisdom that these disorders result from overactive RAS pathways.
Clinical trials are now enrolling at the University of Virginia Health System to test an artificial pancreas that automatically regulates blood-sugar levels in people with type 1 diabetes. The trials will examine safety, effectiveness, and cost as well as physical and emotional health.
Researchers have identified substantial problems with three widely cited studies on mass deworming in Africa, finding methodological issues and biased reporting. The studies initially reported positive long-term effects of mass drug administration, but a critical analysis found these claims to be overstated.
A new biologic agent, 10-1074, has shown early promise as part of a potential new strategy for treating HIV. The drug demonstrated rapid decline in viral load in infected individuals and may be effective in preventing infection in high-risk populations.
A new study by Nationwide Children's Hospital found that nearly two-thirds of US households own a pet, putting children at risk from medicine intended for pets. The researchers recommend safe storage and handling of pet medications to prevent accidental ingestion by children.
A new study found that 84% of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia or their parents over-reported adherence to a regimen of 6-mercaptopurine, an oral maintenance therapy. Forgetfulness was the primary reason for non-adherence, and parental involvement improved adherence rates.
High-dose immunosuppressive therapy followed by stem cell transplantation has been shown to induce sustained remission in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Five years after treatment, 69% of participants had survived without progression or relapse, with some showing improvements in mobility and physical capabilities.
Researchers investigated using two approved autoimmune drugs to reduce joint swelling in mice infected with Chikungunya virus, a mosquito-borne illness with no known therapies. Fingolimid and Abatacept showed promise in stopping T cell trafficking and inflammation, potentially paving the way for new treatments.
Researchers found that ibudilast significantly reduced craving for alcohol and improved mood in participants. The medication also showed promise in reducing the pleasurable effects of alcohol.
Researchers investigated the use of abatacept, an immune cell modulator, in treating two rare forms of vasculitis: giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu's arteritis. The studies found promising results for GCA patients, with improved relapse-free survival rates and longer duration of remission compared to placebo.
Researchers argue that lax standards in human clinical trials lead to ineffective therapies and wasted resources, causing financial burdens on society. The researchers propose measures to strengthen standards, including requiring negative results from animal studies and independent expert vetting.
Researchers have identified a potential therapeutic target for managing opioid withdrawal by discovering that an existing anti-gout medication can alleviate withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent rodents. The study's findings suggest that this treatment could provide relief for individuals struggling with opioid addiction, and the res...
Researchers found that LSD alters perception of personal relevance and meaning, linked to serotonin receptors and brain areas involved in self-experience. The findings may lead to new targets for treating psychiatric illnesses or phobias.
Reducing Pcdh10 function leads to impaired social behavior and altered amygdala circuitry, but treatment with d-cycloserine improves social interactions. The study suggests a possible target for autism treatment and parallels the male predominance of ASD in humans.
A new automated web-based surveillance system has been demonstrated to detect potential safety problems with medical devices like the Mynx, a vascular closure device. The system, called DELTA, performs automated safety analyses and comparative effectiveness studies prospectively, sending alerts to users via email.
A study found that telepsychiatry provides similar clinical outcomes as face-to-face group sessions for patients with opioid use disorder receiving medication treatment with buprenorphine. The pilot study suggests that telepsychiatry may help extend access to medication-assisted treatment, particularly in rural areas.
A randomized trial will investigate canagliflozin's effects on kidney function decline and provide benefits to diabetic patients. The study aims to slow kidney damage and inform treatment decisions.
A new standard of care for pancreatic cancer patients has been established with a combination chemotherapy treatment, doubling five-year survival rates. The treatment, combining gemcitabine and capecitabine, was found to be effective in increasing patient survival by 29% compared to single-drug therapy.
A NIH-sponsored clinical trial found that mindfulness meditation combats anxiety by reducing stress-hormone and inflammatory responses. Participants who took a mindfulness course showed big drops in these markers, whereas those in the control group experienced worsened responses.
A UK-led clinical trial has successfully prolonged survival for pancreatic cancer patients by at least five years using a combination of chemotherapy drugs. The study found that patients who received this treatment had a 29% five-year survival rate compared to 16% for those on standard treatment.
A new stop-smoking program using personalized disease risk analysis doubled the likelihood of smokers attending a smoking cessation course. The program's success rate was found to be around 28.7% among those who attended both the taster session and the full six-week course.
A study of nearly 31,000 insured patients in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California health care system reports that nonadherence to newly prescribed diabetes medications was greater among Latino than white patients. Meanwhile, another study found a 10 percent increase in glycemic control for Latino patients who switched from languag...
The DART trial is a national immunotherapy clinical trial testing leading-edge treatments for rare cancers. Patients will receive ipilimumab and nivolumab combination therapy to fight cancer, with the goal of shrinking tumors and evaluating side effects.
A phase 3 trial found regorafenib significantly improved overall survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a form of liver cancer. The study showed that regorafenib can improve survival in patients whose HCC progressed during treatment with sorafenib, an existing drug.
A study found that financial ties between researchers and the drug industry are associated with more favorable trial outcomes. The authors suggest that this could lead to biased evidence and call for increased transparency and disclosure of financial ties. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these findings.
A new HIV antibody, 10-1074, has been successfully tested on humans, demonstrating high antiviral activity and favourable pharmacokinetic properties. The trial also investigated the development of resistant HIV variants, providing valuable insights into the potential treatment approach.
Researchers found that approximately one-third of adults with a previous asthma diagnosis couldn't be re-diagnosed due to spontaneous remission or misdiagnosis. The study also highlighted the importance of objective testing to confirm asthma diagnosis, suggesting that failure to use these tests may lead to misdiagnosis.
A new study from King's College London shows that cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) strengthens specific connections in the brains of people with psychosis, associated with long-term recovery. CBT involves learning to think differently about unusual experiences and developing strategies to reduce distress and improve wellbeing.
A new study found that 33% of adults recently diagnosed with asthma did not have active asthma, and were able to stop medication. The study suggests doctors often misdiagnose patients based on symptoms alone, highlighting the need for further education on accurate diagnosis.
Researchers are conducting a £1.5 million trial to test two therapies on 390 people with Osteogenesis Imperfecta, aiming to reduce fracture risk. The six-year study will track participants for five years to assess the combination of teriparatide and zoledronic acid.
A large randomized trial found that using UVC machines can reduce the transmission of four major superbugs by a cumulative 30 percent, particularly for MRSA. The study suggests that adding UV light to standard cleaning can be an effective strategy in reducing infections in hospitals.
A study published in Journal of Addiction Medicine found that decreasing cocaine use leads to regression of unstable coronary plaques, a type of plaque most likely to cause a heart attack. Reducing cocaine use also decreases inflammation markers and improves cardiovascular health.
A phase 3 trial found that oral ferric citrate significantly boosted hemoglobin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease, correcting anemia. The treatment effect was seen as early as 1-2 weeks after starting treatment and was durable.
A Phase 1 clinical trial found that tucatinib significantly improved outcomes in heavily pretreated patients with HER2+ breast cancer. The drug demonstrated stable disease at 24 weeks or more in 27% of patients, showcasing its potential as a game-changing treatment option.
Researchers developed new performance measures to improve warfarin management, resulting in better clinical outcomes and cost savings. The study, published in Annals of Pharmacotherapy, found that these measures could prevent 48 strokes and 68 major bleeding events annually, with a potential annual savings of over $4 million.
Rettsyndrome.org has reached a milestone of $40 million in research funding for Rett syndrome treatments. The organization has funded over 40M in high-quality research grants and programs to date.
A recent study found that children born to mothers who took acid-blocking drugs during pregnancy were at least one third more likely to visit a doctor for asthma symptoms. The researchers emphasize the need for further studies to confirm this association and determine whether the medicines cause asthma in children.
Commonly prescribed acid suppression medications were linked with increased risks of intestinal infections with C. difficile and Campylobacter bacteria. Users should be vigilant about food hygiene due to the removal of stomach acid making them more susceptible to infection.
A randomized, Phase III study will enroll 600 people with suboptimal diets to evaluate the effects of a specific diet on cognitive abilities and brain health. The MIND diet, which includes foods like fish, berries, nuts, and leafy greens, aims to improve brain health by developing new dietary guidelines.
A new study published in PLOS ONE raises doubts about the effectiveness of Diclectin, a widely prescribed medication for nausea in pregnancy. The study's flaws, including incomplete data and flawed scoring methods, cast uncertainty over its benefits.
The journal Translational Behavioral Medicine now publishes research with null results, providing a unique opportunity for scientific researchers. This shift in publication policy sets it apart from other behavioral medicine titles and supports the advancement of science by learning from unexpected outcomes.
The American College of Physicians recommends prescribing metformin as the primary treatment for type 2 diabetes when medication is necessary to improve blood sugar levels. Adding a second oral medication to metformin may provide additional benefits, but the cost should be discussed with clinicians and patients.
A recent survey of 1,993 people who experienced negative reactions to psilocybin found that 10.7% reported putting themselves or others at risk for physical harm. Despite this, most respondents described their experience as 'meaningful' and ranked it among the top five most significant experiences in their lives.
Research found no association between high monitoring (health detail oriented) and more information receipt for RA patients, while high blunting was linked to more info for OA patients. This challenges typical patterns in acute and chronic disease coping literature.
A nationwide insurance database study identified psychiatric and behavioral conditions, as well as psychoactive medications, as predictors of long-term opioid use. Patients with mental health conditions or psychoactive medication use were at higher risk, with relative increases in rates ranging from 1.5 to 9 times.
Researchers have discovered two new molecules, AVN-211 and AVN-322, that show high therapeutic potential in treating Alzheimer's disease. These compounds have demonstrated improved memory function and reduced cognitive dysfunction in lab animals.
A new oral drug, selumetinib, has shown significant tumor shrinkage in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and plexiform neurofibromas. Most patients experienced partial responses, with tumor growth stopping in over 70% of cases.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified a potential treatment for Prader-Willi syndrome using G9a inhibitors. The study suggests that these small molecules can activate the maternal copy of the gene responsible for the disorder, leading to improved growth and lifespan in mice with Prader-Willi syndrome.
An experimental Ebola vaccine was highly protective against the deadly virus in a major trial in Guinea, showing no cases among those vaccinated within 10 days. The vaccine's efficacy also led to indirect protection through herd immunity in unvaccinated people, providing weight to early trial results.
Two new studies identify medically relevant genetic variants in over 50,000 human participants, revealing rare gene variants that have lost their function and potentially disabling genes. The research also found associations between specific genes and increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including familial hypercholesterolemia.