Articles tagged with Drug Studies
A multicenter study found that dapagliflozin improves diuresis and reduces hospital stays in patients with acute heart failure. The drug was shown to be safe and effective when initiated during early hospitalization, leading to faster discharge times.
A new study found that better heart health in middle-aged Black women is linked to reduced cognitive decline and preserved brain function. However, this benefit was not observed among white women. The study suggests that taking care of one's heart may have a positive impact on brain function and overall well-being.
Researchers identified elevated MALAT1 levels in various blood cancers, correlating with adverse outcomes. MALAT1 promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis through multiple mechanisms.
The Alzheimer's disease treatment landscape is experiencing a significant shift, with numerous potential drugs making their way through clinical trials. Biomarkers have also emerged as a key area of focus, providing valuable information on the drug's impact and allowing for more precise guidance in future trials.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania are working on a decision-support system to help clinicians navigate conflicting clinical trials. The system will use artificial intelligence to analyze study results and provide recommendations, aiming to improve patient outcomes and inform treatment decisions.
A study suggests that a strong therapeutic alliance is key to successful psychedelic-assisted therapy in reducing depression. Participants who had stronger relationships with their therapists experienced lower depression scores one year later.
A phase 3 trial shows that pembrolizumab significantly prolongs overall survival in high-risk kidney cancer patients. The treatment delays recurrences and helps patients live longer, with a 38% reduction in risk of death compared to placebo.
A study found that social stress during adolescence in female mice leads to prolonged cortisol elevation after giving birth, similar to women exposed to adverse early life experiences. The researchers suggest alternative treatments may be more effective for postpartum depression.
Researchers found that riociguat significantly improved blood pressure and reduced the risk of serious adverse events compared to a placebo treatment. The study showed promising results for this potential new treatment to manage complications from sickle cell disease, paving the way for larger clinical trials.
A new study shows that a massive effort to reduce the overuse of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) led to a nearly 30% reduction in prescriptions, but also resulted in some veterans missing out on protective use. The intervention, which imposed limits on PPI prescription size and refills, was carried out in one region of the Veterans Healt...
A comprehensive Scandinavian study has found no evidence that popular diabetes medications GLP-1 analogues increase the risk of thyroid cancer. The research analysed data from over 145,000 patients treated with these drugs and compared them to other patient groups.
A clinical trial found that a nasal spray called etripamil effectively and safely treated recurrent episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) in patients. The study showed that two-thirds of participants experienced relief within an hour, with an average time needed for symptom relief being 17 minutes.
A comprehensive review examines the impact of osteoporosis on fracture healing and the effects of osteoporosis medications. The study concludes that there is no deleterious effect of osteoporosis medications on fracture healing, and prompt treatment can reduce the risk of secondary fractures.
Saruparib, a selective PARP1 inhibitor, demonstrates clinical benefit in patients with HRR-deficient breast cancers. The objective response rate was 48.4%, and progression-free survival was 9.1 months. The drug's favorable safety profile enables patients to stay on treatment for longer durations.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that half of patients discharged from hospital after a heart attack are treated with beta-blockers unnecessarily. The study shows that these patients have suffered a small heart attack and have retained heart function afterwards.
The study, presented at AACR Annual Meeting 2024, found the combination therapy to be effective with an objective response rate of 34% and a disease control rate of 85.1%. The regimen performed favorably compared to historical data for similar cohorts, indicating potential as a new standard of care.
The randomized clinical trial demonstrates plozasiran's potential to reduce triglyceride levels in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia. Additional studies are needed to determine its impact on complications associated with the condition.
A meta-analysis of 11 trials involving 78,607 patients found a 9% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and a 14% reduction in cardiovascular death with SGLT2 inhibitors. The analysis showed consistent effects across patient groups and subgroups.
A study found that only 43% of accelerated approval drugs demonstrated a clinical benefit in confirmatory trials after five years. The study analyzed 129 cancer drugs approved between 2013-2023 and found that 63% were converted to regular approvals, but 22% were withdrawn due to lack of efficacy.
A pilot study by UCLA Health investigators suggests that treating patients with immunotherapy and chemotherapy before surgery may improve long-term outcomes for those with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. The study found a higher rate of successful tumor removal and increased overall survival when compared to historical controls.
Recent trials have shown that testing for tumour DNA in the blood can identify advanced bladder cancer patients who are less likely to relapse after surgery, allowing doctors to target treatments more effectively.
Researchers from China conducted a nationwide study to assess optimal treatment strategies for CSDH. The study found that multimodality management and personalized treatment plans significantly reduced recurrence rates.
Researchers identified four weight-gain trajectories and factors associated with rapid or gradual weight gain, including age, sex, ethnicity, and baseline body mass index scores.
New research from Cedars-Sinai found that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) used to treat diabetes and obesity increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia following endoscopy. The study recommends patients taking these medications stop their medication in advance of procedures to avoid complications.
The University of Cincinnati Cancer Center team has opened a Phase 2 clinical trial to test a new combination treatment for glioblastomas, a deadly form of brain tumors. The treatment uses letrozole, a drug that targets an enzyme present in breast cancer cells, and temozolomide, a chemotherapy drug already approved as a GBM treatment.
Dr. Chana Sacks is the new Editor-in-Chief of NEJM Evidence, focusing on providing high-quality, practice-changing evidence for medical professionals. The journal aims to change how medical professionals think about generating evidence while making clinical learning engaging and fun.
A comparative study of four major type 2 diabetes medications reveals differences in medication acceptance, quality of life, insulin secretion, and mortality. The GRADE Study found that younger age and higher blood sugar levels at baseline were associated with poor blood sugar control over time.
Researchers from USC's Keck School of Medicine synthesized over 23,000 studies to inform updated clinical practice guidelines for ADHD. The comprehensive literature review found that both medications and psychosocial treatments work for treating ADHD and that children can and do get better.
Young adults in Korea with ideal cardiovascular health had significantly lower risks of developing heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. The study highlights the importance of achieving and maintaining ideal heart health during young adulthood to prevent these diseases.
Researchers have discovered a new immunotherapy approach to overcome resistant leukemia by targeting the mutated TP53 gene. Combining pharmacological therapies with genetically engineered CAR T-cells increases effectiveness against cancer cells, offering promising strategies for patients with resistant disease.
Researchers at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University developed a new method that enables the efficient production of cysteine-rich peptides and microproteins in their naturally folded 3D structure. The approach uses organic solvents to mimic nature's oxidative folding process, resulting in speeds of over 100,000 times faster than aqueous...
Researchers at WVU are developing an AI tool to reduce medication errors that lead to hospital readmissions, aiming to improve patient safety and reduce healthcare costs. The tool will analyze patient records and identify high-risk patients, alerting pharmacists to potential issues.
A study published in Genome Medicine uses digital twins to computationally treat thousands of medications in individual patients with autoimmune diseases, finding promising results in mice and human tissue samples. The technology has the potential to revolutionize precision medicine by providing tailored medication for each patient.
Adding ribociclib to hormone therapy improves invasive disease-free survival by 90.4% at three years, distant disease-free survival by 90.8%, and recurrence-free survival by 91.7%. The study found a 25% relative reduction in recurrence rate for patients with stage 2 or 3 HR-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer.
Researchers have developed a vascularized organoid model (VOM) that accurately replicates the actual vasculature and environment of gastric cancer, enabling patient-specific predictions of response to anticancer drugs. The VOM demonstrates high cell viability rates and similarity to actual gastric cancer conditions.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health finds that prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication topiramate does not increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among children. In contrast, valproate has been linked to a heightened risk of ASD.
A new genetic test has identified patients with triple negative early-stage breast cancer who are unlikely to respond to immunotherapy drugs. The test, called ImPrintTN, can predict a patient's likelihood of responding to these treatments and help avoid severe side effects.
Recent medications for Type 2 diabetes and weight loss have positive effects on cardiovascular and kidney health but are not always prescribed or accessible to those who need them. The studies highlight the need to address barriers to access and equity, particularly among Black adults with severe obesity.
The ALEXANDRA/IMpassion030 phase 3 trial found that adding atezolizumab to chemotherapy after surgery did not improve survival for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer patients. Researchers also found no benefit in different sub-groups, such as those with lymph node spread and PD-L1 positive cancer.
A new international study led by UNSW Sydney found no increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and learning difficulties after exposure to antipsychotics during pregnancy. The study tracked the long-term risk of intellectual disability, poor academic performance in maths and language, or learning, speech and language disorders.
Researchers at Flinders University have discovered a bedtime nasal spray that can reduce the severity of sleep apnea in people and lower their blood pressure. The study found that the spray, which blocks potassium channels, improved oxygen levels and reduced markers of OSA severity in 7 out of 10 participants.
A phase 3 trial co-led by a University of Cincinnati researcher found that subcutaneous levodopa delivery through an infusion pump is safe and effective in reducing symptoms for longer periods. The study resulted in almost two hours of additional 'on time' compared to traditional oral medication, paving the way for potential FDA approval.
Rutgers Health researcher found that lesbian/gay and bisexual women are more receptive to tobacco marketing and have a harder time quitting. The study also discovered that bisexual women smoke at higher rates and struggle with nicotine addiction.
New research shows tirzepatide consistently reduces bodyweight and waist circumference, with greater reductions in participants with longer disease durations. Tirzepatide also achieves higher weight loss targets and reduces waist circumference more significantly than placebo across all disease duration categories.
A new analysis shows that tirzepatide effectively reduces body weight across different BMI subgroups, achieving significant weight loss of 5% or more in up to 100% of participants. The treatment also demonstrated superior weight reduction compared to placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Research reveals oestrogen's protective role in preventing fatty liver disease by targeting the TEAD1 protein. The discovery could lead to a new treatment for fatty liver and liver cancer, as well as earlier detection methods.
Research from UCSF found COVID antigens lingering in blood up to 14 months and tissue samples for over two years after infection. The persistence of these fragments may drive long COVID symptoms and associated risks.
A recent study at Salk Institute evaluates the reliability of patient-derived organoids as a clinical model for pancreatic cancer. The findings reveal that organoids' gene expression and drug responses are not affected by commercial extracellular matrix brands, but one product increases growth rate.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that 56% of patients using GLP-1 RAs had significant gastric contents on ultrasound before elective procedures, despite adequate fasting. The study suggests that conventional fasting times may need to be reexamined for this patient subset.
A University of Cincinnati study found liraglutide to be efficacious and safe for weight loss in individuals with stable bipolar disorder, without destabilizing the illness. The drug reduced binge eating behavior and significantly lowered hemoglobin A1C levels.
The NCI-MATCH precision medicine trial discovered that trastuzumab-pertuzumab, approved for HER2-positive breast cancer, can shrink tumors in patients with other types of cancer and high levels of the HER2 gene. The study found a 12% confirmed overall response rate, with partial responses in various cancers.
A research team developed a model of the blood-brain barrier using modularized tissue derived from human cells. The 'Tissue-in-a-CUBE' system accurately mimics the real blood-brain barrier in terms of structure and function, allowing for the testing of drugs without animal testing.
Researchers at University at Buffalo propose a new approach to developing cancer drugs by determining the optimal placement of molecular linkers earlier in the process, reducing trial and error and increasing potency, according to a study published in Communications Chemistry.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have reported promising results from a clinical trial testing a novel immunotherapy combination to target advanced, potentially lethal skin cancers in kidney transplant patients. Two out of six patients experienced complete tumor regression after adding a second checkpoint inhibitor to the regimen.
New research reveals women's cardiovascular disease risks differ by age, lifestyle factors, and mental health conditions. Studies show sedentary behavior increases risk of death from all causes, while preeclampsia is linked to diet, highlighting need for targeted prevention strategies.
A survey study reveals primary care pediatricians lack preparedness in managing adolescent OUD, with a notable gap compared to other substance use disorders. The results underscore the importance of workforce training programs to address this critical healthcare issue.
Researchers found GZ17-6.02 alone and in combination with standard-of-care agents was effective in killing MF cells, activating key pathways including ATM, AMPK, NFκB, and macroautophagy. The compound's unique multi-factorial mechanism suggests potential for treating mycosis fungoides.
A combination of CS1002 and CS1003 showed promising anti-tumor activity and a manageable safety profile across various dosing ranges in patients with advanced solid tumors. The treatment was found to be effective in certain types of cancers, including melanoma and skin cancer.
A new study suggests that Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drug Company (MCCPDC) may offer significant savings for patients taking common urology medications, with the greatest potential to reduce costs being for solifenacin and oxybutynin. The online pharmacy's standardized pricing can reduce out-of-pocket costs by up to $20 per prescription.
A phase 2 study by Mount Sinai-led researchers demonstrates rusfertide's ability to limit excess red blood cell production in patients with polycythemia vera, a rare and chronic blood cancer. The results suggest it could replace therapeutic phlebotomy, providing improved treatment options for patients.