Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A study of over 150,000 adults aged 25-64 found no significant link between ADHD medication use and serious cardiovascular events such as heart attacks or strokes. The researchers compared users to non-users and also examined risk in subgroups defined by the type of medication used.
Researchers analyzed over 150,000 adult ADHD users and found no significant association between current use of ADHD medications and an increased risk of heart attack, stroke, or sudden cardiac death. Cardiovascular disease rates were similar among new and ever-users of these medications.
Researchers have discovered that cereblon expression is required for the anti-myeloma activity of lenalidomide and pomalidomide. This finding helps understand which patients may be more or less likely to respond to therapy, enabling the development of targeted treatments.
Researchers found that a combination of anti-estrogen drugs anastrozole and fulvestrant can lengthen the lives of post-menopausal women with hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer. The therapy also showed promise in patients who had not previously received tamoxifen therapy.
Research by Thomas Hills and Ralph Hertwig suggests that there is an upper limit to cognitive enhancements, leading to potential drawbacks such as autism, synaesthesia, or anxiety. The study found that 'supermind' traits come with trade-offs, making a highly-evolved brain unlikely.
A Wayne State University physician is working to develop an outcome measurement that accurately reflects Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease progression in children. She aims to identify quality-of-life measures that can track changes in scores over time, enabling the evaluation of treatment effectiveness.
A recent study from UNC at Chapel Hill may help explain the failure of some HIV prevention clinical trials and suggests ways to improve their success. The study found that drug concentrations in tissue can make a difference in effectiveness, and adherence to taking the drug as prescribed is crucial.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University found that recreational Ecstasy use is associated with chronic changes in the human brain, leading to a lasting loss of serotonin. The study used PET imaging to examine brain regions and found increased levels of serotonin-2A receptors in users, correlated with higher lifetime use.
Researchers have identified genetic variants in glutamate receptor genes that may contribute to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study found alterations in four genes involved in brain signaling pathways, which could lead to new treatment options for patients with ADHD who have these gene variants.
The VOICE trial has stopped using tenofovir gel due to its lack of effectiveness in preventing HIV. Women enrolled in the study will still participate in the daily use of Truvada, which was found to be effective.
A recent study by the CARE Network found that daily inhaled steroid treatment for young children with frequent bouts of wheezing was not more effective than treating symptoms at the first signs of a respiratory tract infection. The trial showed comparable results in reducing episodes, symptom days, and quality of life.
The Vaginal and Oral Interventions to Control the Epidemic (VOICE) study found that daily use of an antiretroviral-containing oral tablet or vaginal gel was not effective in preventing HIV infection among women. The study will continue to examine the safety and effectiveness of oral Truvada as a preventive measure for women.
A new study reveals that nearly 40% of seniors receiving home health care are taking potentially inappropriate medications, often due to inadequate communication between physicians. The study highlights the need for improved medication coordination and enhanced physician communication in home health care settings.
Certain IBD patients may have an increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer, particularly those on thiopurine immunosuppressants. Researchers emphasize the need for dermatologic screening and sun protection in these patients.
A phase 2 trial of the novel drug dexpramipexole showed it can slow symptom progression and reduce mortality in ALS patients. The study found a significant dose-dependent effect, with slower disease progression and reduced risk of death at higher dosages.
A study published in Neurology found that people with a history of stroke or diabetes who received clot-busting drugs had better outcomes than those who did not. The use of these drugs can limit damage and disability due to blood clots, and current guidelines should not exclude individuals from receiving this therapy.
A study found that tripling the standard daily dosage of clopidogrel for patients with a genetic variation improving response to the medication significantly reduced platelet reactivity. Higher doses also improved platelet reactivity in those without the variant gene, guiding further clinical studies.
A national study found supervised exercise to be more effective than stenting or medication for improved walking ability in patients with peripheral artery disease. The CLEVER trial showed that supervised exercise improves treadmill walking performance and quality of life, while stents may have mixed benefits.
Evacetrapib, a new CETP inhibitor drug, shows striking increases in HDL (good) cholesterol and significant reductions in LDL (bad) cholesterol. The study found that evacetrapib increased HDL levels by 53.6-128.8 percent and lowered LDL by 13.6-35.9 percent.
A Cleveland Clinic study reveals that maximum doses of Crestor and Lipitor are equally effective in reversing atherosclerosis after 24 months of treatment. The trial showed no significant differences between the two drugs in reducing plaque burden, but rosuvastatin was found to lower LDL cholesterol and increase HDL levels.
A new international study found that patients with very low systolic blood pressure levels may actually increase their chances of experiencing a recurrent stroke. The research, led by Bruce Ovbiagele, suggests that the relationship between blood pressure and stroke risk is more complicated than previously thought, with timing also play...
A new study found that evacetrapib, a CETP inhibitor, significantly increased HDL-C levels and decreased LDL-C levels in patients with sub-optimal lipid profiles. The medication was effective when used alone or in combination with statin medications, producing dose-dependent increases in HDL-C.
A new vaginal ring combining dapivirine and maraviroc is being evaluated for its safety and effectiveness as an HIV microbicide. The study, MTN-013/IPM 026, aims to assess the ring's ability to prevent HIV infection in women through vaginal sex.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that eliminating copayments for heart attack medications increased patient adherence, reducing major vascular events and healthcare spending. Rates of combined endpoint were not significantly improved, but individual outcomes such as readmission and angina showed significant reductions.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center will study different approaches to improve pain clinical trial design, including patient features, study planning, and site characteristics. The goal is to boost development of new, effective treatments for chronic and acute pain.
A six-month telephone-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) program improved symptoms of chronic widespread pain, with significant benefits reported three months after treatment ended. Exercise also showed substantial improvements in self-rated global health.
In a preliminary human trial, an injection targeting PCSK9, a cholesterol regulator, lowered low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or 'bad' cholesterol by 64% in healthy volunteers. The study found that increasing doses of the monoclonal antibody AMG145 improved cholesterol levels and reduced side effects.
A randomized controlled trial found that telephone-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy and an exercise program were associated with short-term positive outcomes for patients with chronic widespread pain. The combined intervention showed improvements in physical component score and reduced passive coping strategies.
A clinical trial testing rotational atherectomy prior to implantation of a drug-eluting stent found that the process was not superior to standard balloon angioplasty and decreased the efficacy of the stent. Rotablation followed by drug-eluting stenting is not supported by randomized studies in complex calcified lesions.
Researchers found that polymer-free amphilimus-eluting stents resulted in significantly lower in-stent late loss at six months compared to paclitaxel-eluting stents. The trial, NEXT, demonstrated non-inferiority of these stents in de novo native coronary artery lesions.
The ADVISE trial demonstrated that instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) is comparable to fractional flow reserve (FFR) without the use of adenosine. The study found excellent diagnostic efficiency and correlation between iFR and FFR, with potential clinical implications for improving patient experience and workflow in cath labs.
The TWENTE trial demonstrated non-inferiority between zotarolimus- and everolimus-eluting stents, with low rates of target vessel failure and stent thrombosis. The study showed similar efficacy in a broad patient population with complex lesions and 'off-label' indications.
The DEB-AMI trial found that drug-eluting balloons with bare metal stents did not meet the primary endpoint of reduced late lumen loss compared to drug-eluting stents. The study also showed that these procedures may induce more pronounced morphological changes, resulting in inferior angiographical and clinical outcomes.
Dr. Richard A. McIndoe is leading a $7.5 million National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant to support studies on diabetes affecting 8.3% of Americans. The Diabetic Complications Consortium shares data on complications like heart attack, stroke, vision loss, and kidney damage.
A recent study published in Neurology found that people with Parkinson's disease are nearly three times more likely to experience leg motor restlessness than those without the disease. However, restless legs syndrome was not significantly more common among patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease.
The BRIDGE trial results demonstrate that cangrelor maintains target levels of platelet inhibition, supporting its use as a management strategy for patients requiring prolonged platelet P2Y12 inhibition after thienopyridine discontinuation. The study showed 99% of cangrelor-treated patients maintained target levels, compared to 19% of ...
Pediatric oncologists and biochemists advance treatment options for neuroblastoma by studying tumor biology at the molecular level. The study found that certain ALK mutations make cancer cells more resistant to crizotinib, but increasing dosage may overcome this resistance.
The BRIDGE trial shows cangrelor provides effective maintenance of platelet inhibition with no apparent increase in major bleeding, but numerically higher rates of minor bleeding prior to surgery. Researchers found the investigational drug cangrelor could serve as a 'bridge' between discontinuing thienopyridines and surgery.
A large-scale study found that sustained buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone) treatment reduced prescription painkiller abuse by 49% in patients with addiction. However, once the medication was discontinued, relapse rates were high, highlighting the need for sustained recovery strategies.
Three artemisinin-based combination therapies were found to be highly effective in clearing the Plasmodium falciparum parasite in African children. DHAPQ was shown to have the longest post-treatment prophylaxis, making it a valid third option for treatment.
Pridopidine, a novel dopidine, appears well-tolerated and warrants further investigation for patients with Huntington's disease. The drug improved voluntary motor function and reduced chorea symptoms in a phase 3 trial.
A topical gel containing an anti-HIV drug was found to be safe and effective in reducing HIV infection when applied to rectal tissue exposed to HIV. The study suggests a significant reduction in HIV transmission, particularly for receptive anal intercourse, which accounts for a major route of new infections.
A large-scale study has shown that Suboxone is the most effective treatment for prescription opioid addiction, with 49% of participants benefiting from the medication. Despite this finding, relapse rates were high once the medication was discontinued, highlighting the need for continued research on long-term use.
Researchers found that patients taking anti-TNF medications for rheumatoid arthritis had a higher rate of post-surgical flares, but no significant increase in infections or complications. The study suggests that adjusting medication withdrawal timing based on individual half-lives may minimize disease flares
A new study presented at the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Annual Meeting recommends innovative interventions to help single parents manage their child's symptoms and keep asthma under control. Food allergy diagnosis is also highlighted as a crucial step in providing proper disease management.
A pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial found that ivacaftor provides sustained improvement in lung function, growth, and other signs and symptoms for cystic fibrosis patients. The therapy targets the underlying cause of CF, restoring balance on airway surfaces.
A Stanford study found that nitroglycerin's continuous use can lead to increased heart attack severity in rats. Treatment with Alda-1 enzyme activator reduced the detrimental effects of prolonged nitroglycerin use.
The study found that Ocrelizumab led to a 89% reduction in brain lesions and reduced the number of new multiple sclerosis attacks over 24 weeks. This suggests targeting B cells could help treat MS.
A new study by Cedars-Sinai researchers found a targeted antibiotic to be the safest treatment option for irritable bowel disease, with fewer adverse side effects compared to other therapies. Rifaximin was shown to have a significantly lower number needed to harm than other commonly used treatments.
A new study from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center found that teens with acne used their medication more frequently when participating in a weekly Internet-based survey. The study, which included 20 participants aged 13-18, showed a significant increase in adherence rates among those who received the survey.
A study led by the University of York found that a specially-designed 12-week yoga programme improved back function and confidence in people with chronic lower back pain. After nine months, participants continued to experience benefits, including increased ability to perform daily activities.
A study found that Pyridorin, a vitamin B6 derivative, helps patients with mild diabetic kidney disease, but does not benefit those with more advanced kidney disease. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is expected to double by 2030, making new therapies like Pyridorin crucial in preventing kidney failure and saving lives.
A promising new drug to protect the kidneys has failed to benefit diabetes patients with kidney disease. The study, which enrolled 1,248 patients, found that sulodexide did not prevent kidney failure or reduce urinary protein excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease.
The STROBE-ME guidelines provide a checklist for accurately reporting molecular epidemiology studies, aiming to clarify mechanisms, identify disease susceptibility, and improve diagnoses. By using these guidelines, researchers can strengthen the reporting of their studies and ensure transparent findings.
A recent study found that nearly 37% of Alzheimer's patients taking cholinesterase inhibitors also received anticholinergic drugs, which can have negative effects on cognition and function. However, the study revealed no association between dual use and increased risk of death or nursing home entry.
Researchers discovered that angiotensin-receptor blockers can slow the progression of calcific aortic stenosis, reducing mortality risk and lowering healthcare costs. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for treatment and may potentially delay or prevent valve replacement surgery.
A new trial suggests that a Foley catheter is as successful in inducing labor as the widely used hormone-like gel prostaglandin E2, but with lower rates of infection and complications. The study found similar vaginal delivery rates and reduced risks of caesarean section, operative deliveries for fetal distress, and neonatal admissions.
A Mayo Clinic study suggests that patients taking the age-related macular degeneration drug ranibizumab may experience increased intraocular pressure, a potential risk factor for glaucoma. The research found that a subset of patients had higher-than-normal eye pressure, regardless of pre-existing risk factors.
A meta-analysis of 18 studies found that acetaminophen use was associated with a 33% increased risk for renal cell carcinoma, while nonaspirin NSAIDs were linked with a 26% increased risk. Aspirin use showed no significant association.
Researchers at Boston University present a new approach to accessing novel, biologically active molecules by remodeling natural product derivatives. The method involves highly efficient chemical reactions and has the potential to identify pharmacological tools for CNS research, oncology, and anti-infective agents.