Articles tagged with Drug Therapy
Researchers envision AI-powered systems that identify patients at risk of mental health struggles, provide continuous psychological monitoring and tailor interventions. AI can also overcome barriers to mental health care by delivering support exactly where and when it's needed, including rural areas.
Research highlights preventable harms of intensive diabetes and hypertension treatment in frail older adults, calling for personalized care approaches that prioritize patient safety. Guidelines recommend cautious individualized care, but complications remain alarmingly common.
Breast cancer cells build molecular tunnels into nearby fat cells to release energy, blocking gap junctions stops tumor growth. The discovery provides a golden opportunity for developing effective strategies to treat the most aggressive forms of breast cancer.
A new Cochrane review has found no clear evidence of benefit for ketamine in treating chronic pain conditions. The review identified an increased risk of adverse effects such as delusions and vomiting. High-quality trials are needed to determine the role of ketamine in chronic pain care.
Scientists have developed a monoclonal antibody to combat life-threatening inflammatory diseases like sepsis and ARDS. The antibody shows promise in blocking the immune system's hyperactive response and restoring healthy function without unwanted side effects.
A new study found that tolcapone increases activity in the prefrontal cortex during self-control tasks, associated with better behavioral control and reduced alcohol consumption. The findings suggest that medications increasing prefrontal dopamine could be a promising lead for treating alcohol use disorder.
A new study reveals benztropine, a Parkinson's treatment, can boost the body's natural immune response to combat tuberculosis (TB) bacteria. The research found that benztropine can dramatically reduce TB bacterial counts in experiments with human and mouse immune cells.
Researchers Dr. Sharday Mosurinjohn and Dr. Richard Ascough critique the 'psychedelic mysteries hypothesis' in a new article, arguing that it relies on circumstantial evidence rather than solid historical scholarship. They advocate for responsible curiosity and a focus on living traditions to unlock psychedelic wisdom.
A new study sampled different lung regions in cystic fibrosis patients before and after treatment with modulators, revealing that infections persisted throughout the lungs and drove inflammation. The findings suggest damage may not be the main cause of infection persistence, raising concerns about ongoing lung function deterioration.
Researchers conducted a randomized clinical trial to compare low- and high-dose methylprednisolone with azithromycin for treating severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. The study found that lower dose regimen of glucocorticoids is sufficient, equally effective, and safer than the high dose regimen.
Researchers validated panels of antibodies targeting clinically relevant nucleic acid modifications to visualize antisense oligonucleotides in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The tools enable detection of modified nucleic acids irrespective of sequence, facilitating multiple clinical and pre-clinical workflows.
A new treatment for corneal scarring is being developed by University of Houston optometry researcher Tarsis G. Ferreira. The treatment uses a natural protein called decorin to block scarring and unwanted blood vessel growth, offering hope for people with injured corneas.
Researchers at MURR have optimized Terbium-161 for radiopharmaceutical use, enabling targeted destruction of cancer cells with high-energy electrons. The breakthrough could add extra therapeutic effectiveness to existing treatments without requiring new drug development.
Researchers discovered that statins selectively modulate key components of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, leading to lower levels of tumor-promoting proteins and cancer-suppressing cellular behaviors. Statins downregulate SATB1 while increasing SATB2, making cancer cells less able to grow and spread.
A recent study found that people in poorer areas receive three times the prescriptions for opioids than those in wealthier areas, despite a decline in overall opioid use in Canada. The research highlights the persistence of inequalities in healthcare and the need for targeted interventions to mitigate the risks of opioid misuse.
The Be Well Texas initiative, led by the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, will expand access to opioid use disorder treatment services and recovery support across rural and urban communities. This major statewide expansion aims to reduce overdose deaths and build a lasting recovery infrastructure.
Chemotherapy-induced pyroptosis in bladder cancer can actually make the disease more resistant to treatment by fueling cancer stem cells. Blocking this inflammatory process with belnacasan may overcome chemoresistance in preclinical models.
Researchers used an optogenetic platform to discover dozens of molecules that can act as pan-antivirals, including two chemical scaffolds that could serve as development candidates. The compounds were tested on Zika, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and herpes, showing promising results.
Recent studies have revealed significant improvements in patient prognosis for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) over the past few decades. Advances in surgical techniques, drug development, and multimodal therapies have led to increased treatment rates and improved survival rates among patients.
Scientists at University of South Australia developed a long-acting injectable formulation that delivers levodopa and carbidopa over a week, reducing the need for multiple daily tablets. The biodegradable formulation improves treatment outcomes and patient compliance, offering a potential game-changer for Parkinson's care.
A study from The University of Osaka reveals nearly half of patients with extracranial arteriovenous malformations carry mutations in the RAS/RAF/MAPK signaling pathway. These mutations were linked to abnormal vascular morphology and were frequently detected in younger female patients.
A new study highlights major hurdles for multinational clinical trials in Europe, including differences in timelines and processing times between countries. Researchers found that the UK made significant gains in efficiency during the pandemic, while non-UK countries lagged behind.
A new gene therapy delivery device called NANOSPRESSO could revolutionize how hospitals treat rare diseases by allowing them to create personalized nanomedicines in-house. This democratized approach to precision medicine could boost access to low-cost bespoke gene and RNA therapies, especially in low-resource settings.
UVA Health received two anonymous $25 million estate gifts to support the Paul and Diane Manning Institute of Biotechnology. The institute will develop new treatments for hard-to-treat diseases with a state-of-the-art biomedical research facility expected to drive economic growth in Central Virginia.
A recent study published in The American Journal of Pathology has discovered that ADAM10 regulates abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina, which can cause vision loss or impairment. The findings suggest that targeting ADAM10 or its downstream effectors, such as Ephrin B2, may offer novel strategies for managing or preventing retina...
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science have turned a deadly fungus into a potent cancer-fighting compound. The new compound, called asperigimycins, has shown promising results against leukemia cells, rivaling FDA-approved drugs.
A comprehensive review highlights the impact of anti-cancer treatments on bone health, increasing the risk of fractures and bone fragility. The International Osteoporosis Foundation advocates for a multidisciplinary approach to early screening and proactive bone-protective strategies.
Scientists at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University developed a new nanoparticle capable of carrying high doses of chemotherapy drugs while staying stable for extended periods. This innovation could make treatments more effective and reduce side effects.
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio have made a major discovery in understanding cancer drug resistance, specifically in BRCA1-deficient cancers treated with PARP inhibitors. The study reveals that problems in the CST complex can cause resistance to these drugs, opening doors to new therapies and personalized treatments.
A Rutgers Health study reveals that ciprofloxacin accelerates antibiotic resistance by triggering energy crisis in E. coli cells, allowing them to survive and mutate faster. The discovery highlights the need for new strategies in antibiotic development and use.
A new study found that taking antipsychotic medication as prescribed significantly reduces the odds of a motor vehicle crash among drivers with schizophrenia. Researchers analyzed 20 years of data and found a 50% reduction in crash risk among those who adhered to their medication.
A large cohort study has shown that supplementary treatment with statins can boost survival chances for critically ill patients with sepsis. The results indicate a 39% lower death rate over 28 days after hospital admission.
Researchers have discovered that nicotinamide riboside supplementation significantly improves NAD+ levels, reducing arterial stiffness, skin ulcer area, and kidney dysfunction. This breakthrough offers new hope for patients with Werner syndrome who lack effective treatment options.
A large study has found that cholesterol-lowering drugs do not have an antidepressive effect, contradicting previous small studies. The research, published in JAMA Psychiatry, involved 161 patients with depression and obesity, who received either statins or a placebo for 12 weeks.
A study published in The Journal of Pain found that nature exposure can help people with chronic lower back pain by providing a sense of escapism, social connection, and physical exercise. Researchers recommend incorporating accessible design features into natural spaces to improve inclusivity.
A new study published by Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg found that theophylline significantly improved symptoms and quality of life for patients with ADCY5-related dyskinesia. The treatment yielded impressive results, including reduced muscle twitches, improved gait, and better psychosocial well-being.
Exposure to PM2.5 air pollutants impairs mucociliary clearance, a key protective mechanism in the respiratory tract, leading to severe airway damage and respiratory diseases. Researchers have identified the enzyme ALDH1A1 as a potential therapeutic target to reverse this damage and strengthen our respiratory defenses.
A Virginia Tech professor has received a proof-of-concept grant to further develop a chemical compound that could help promote weight loss by increasing mitochondrial activity. The compound, named BAM15, shows promise in preclinical studies without affecting food intake or muscle mass.
The Experimental Drug Development Centre's EBC-129, an antibody-drug conjugate targeting pancreatic cancer, has received FDA fast track designation. The treatment is undergoing Phase 1 clinical trials and aims to provide new treatment options for patients with solid tumours.
A study found that prescribing guideline-directed medical treatment to patients 90 years and older following their first heart attack can improve survival rates. The greatest benefit was observed in those who received all four recommended therapies, including beta-blockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.
A new study finds that cannabis use disorder diagnoses rose substantially across all age groups, race/ethnicity, and comorbidity subgroups nationwide from 2000 to 2022. People living with HIV experienced the greatest relative increase in CUD diagnoses, particularly among older adults.
Researchers at The University of Osaka found that localized oxygen deficiency in colon tumors can promote tumor growth by transforming normal fibroblasts into inflammatory fibroblasts. These altered cells release factors that help tumors grow, offering a potential new target for cancer therapy.
A large cohort study found that early antibiotic treatment did not significantly improve outcomes for patients with nonsevere COVID-19. The results argue against routine antibiotic use in this population due to associated risks.
A breakthrough all-oral treatment for a rare but deadly strain of sleeping sickness is now available, revolutionizing care for patients in endemic countries. Fexinidazole Winthrop has been approved for use in several African countries and is being distributed by WHO, offering a safer alternative to existing treatments.
A new study published at the European Congress on Obesity suggests that GLP-1 agonist drugs can lead to a clinically relevant change in BMI for children with severe obesity. In this study, 30% of children who received GLP-1 drugs experienced a significant reduction in BMI, compared to around 27% of those who did not receive them.
A new study found that only 39% of clinical trials report the race or ethnicity of participants involved. The research highlights the need for more comprehensive reporting and recruitment practices to ensure studies better reflect diverse populations globally. This is crucial for developing inclusive, effective, and equitable treatments.
A systematic review of 46 clinical studies with 4,113 participants found that automated insulin delivery (AID) systems improved time in target range and reduced elevated glucose values compared to conventional pump therapy. However, low efficacy was observed during periods with very low glucose levels.
The updated CDC HIV Non-Occupational Post Exposure Prophylaxis (nPEP) Guidelines aim to streamline medical practice and prevent new HIV infections. New guidelines include streamlined assessment factors, preferred nPEP regimens, and faster treatment initiation within 24 hours.
Researchers developed promising α-synuclein PET tracers that can visualize protein aggregates in living patients, enabling earlier diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Tracers like [18F]C05-05 and [18F]ACI-12589 showed significant results in distinguishing synucleinopathies from healthy controls.
Researchers have developed three-dimensional spheroid cultures that better replicate cell-cell interactions and nutrient gradients, leading to a greater understanding of tumour tissue behaviour and drug responses. The study highlights the importance of mimicking tumour architecture in testing cancer therapies.
Researchers at University of Turku discovered a new biomarker that correlates the thickness of inflammatory cell rim surrounding brain lesions with disease severity and speed. The wider the rim, the more aggressively the disease advances, allowing for earlier treatment identification and evaluating drug candidates.
Despite slight increase in prescriptions between 2021 and 2024, only 3% of eligible patients received a prescription. Disparities were found based on race, ethnicity, social vulnerability, and urbanicity, with small but significant differences compared to overall underutilization.
A cohort study of pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder found that buprenorphine treatment was associated with improved maternal and infant outcomes. The study highlights the need to improve access to treatment nationwide for these patients.
A phase III clinical trial found that adding pembrolizumab before and after surgery improved responses and survival in patients with previously untreated, locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Patients treated with pembrolizumab were at least 27% less likely to have experienced recurrence.
Scientists developed an injectable therapy that protects the heart from damage after a heart attack by blocking the interaction between two proteins, Keap1 and Nrf2. The study showed decreased inflammation, cell death, and improved cardiac function in animal models.
Researchers developed a new therapy that can be injected intravenously right after a heart attack to promote healing and prevent heart failure. The therapy both prompts the immune system to encourage tissue repair and promotes survival of heart muscle cells after a heart attack, showing effectiveness up to five weeks after injection.
A new study reports on five patients with Canavan disease who have a novel variant identified through targeted long-read sequencing, revealing an SVA_E retrotransposable element that disrupts gene function. The findings enhance genetic diagnostics and enable improved guidance for families.
A new study finds that radioiodine therapy significantly increases relative survival rates in differentiated thyroid cancer patients, with benefits observed across low-, intermediate-, and high-risk subgroups. The treatment reduces recurrence rates and improves long-term survival in high-risk groups, while also showing promise for low-...
A Phase 3 clinical trial has shown that a combination of sotorasib and panitumumab significantly improves progression-free survival in patients with KRAS G12C metastatic colorectal cancer. The study found improved overall survival rates, with the high-dose sotorasib group experiencing a 30% prolongation compared to standard care.
This review compares the bioactive components and medicinal properties of natural and cultivated O. sinensis, highlighting differences in composition and effectiveness for specific therapeutic uses. Polysaccharides, nucleosides, sterols, and amino acids contribute to their health benefits, with natural specimens often exhibiting higher...