Articles tagged with Medical Histories
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
This study estimated the number of African American students who would have graduated from closed historically Black medical schools between 1910 and 1954. The researchers used data from the 1910 Flexner report to make their projections.
A new study in Scientific Reports reveals that medieval European plague victims were infected with both the plague and a disease related to syphilis, called yaws. This discovery challenges the prevailing theory that syphilis originated in the New World and instead suggests that yaws may have contributed to the outbreak in Europe.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine explores the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on ethnic minority communities, highlighting existing disparities in healthcare access and treatment. The authors offer a resilience approach to addressing these disparities, drawing parallels with the 1918 influenza pandemic.
A case report describes a 25-year-old female radiographer with COVID-19 presenting with persistent severe anosmia and dysgeusia, accompanied by brain abnormalities revealed through imaging studies. The findings highlight the potential neurologic consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A team of anthropologists, physicians, and tribal leaders developed a strategy to manage COVID-19 among the Tsimane indigenous population in Bolivia. The plan aims to provide a general template for other indigenous groups, promoting collaboration and minimizing harm due to the pandemic.
Screening for thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies (TSH-R-Abs) before pregnancy is crucial for patients with a history of autoimmune thyroid disease. This is because TSH-R-Abs can lead to irreversible impairment in fetal neurodevelopment. A case report highlights the importance of screening, especially in women with Graves' ...
Experts from UT Southwestern Medical Center suggest integrating travel history into routine medical assessments to identify emerging infectious diseases and prevent further transmission. This simple yet targeted approach can help put infectious symptoms in context for physicians and caregiver teams.
A Rutgers study found that children with a documented history of abuse or neglect were 23% more likely to suffer a fingertip injury before age 12. The researchers analyzed medical records from 79,108 children and identified a link between fingertip injuries and abuse or neglect.
The study found that rates of new colorectal cancer cases increased substantially among individuals turning 50, indicating a shift in the disease's age distribution. This significant increase suggests that current screening age recommendations may need to be reevaluated.
CU Anschutz researcher reveals that the story of Merit Ptah, a celebrated ancient Egyptian woman physician, was fabricated from a misunderstanding of historical records. Peseshet, an Old Kingdom courtier's mother, bears a striking resemblance to Merit Ptah and may have been mistakenly identified as the 'first woman doctor'.
A new study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that minority students remain underrepresented in medical schools, despite increasing numbers over time. The study's findings suggest that while diversity in medical education has improved, it still lags behind the country's shifting demographics.
A multidisciplinary team at Kaiser Permanente developed a complete imaging history definition, including four prompts for date, location, pain, and concern. This led to a significant increase in orders containing all four components, from 16% to 52%, and improved mean character count of entered histories.
A large internet-based study found adults with a close relative with Alzheimer's disease exhibit impaired learning and memory, exacerbated by diabetes or genetic variations. Higher education levels and women appear to protect against cognitive decline.
A study of nearly 60,000 individuals suggests that those at higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease due to family history may demonstrate changes in memory performance as early as their 20s. This risk is particularly pronounced among men and those with lower educational attainment, diabetes, and certain genetic changes.
Researchers develop a new algorithm using over 230,000 patient records to predict mortality risk and survival chances. The algorithm uses disease history from the past 23 years to make more accurate predictions than existing methods.
Historians have picked 500 favourite cases from the astrologers' notes, providing a unique insight into health and fertility concerns, bewitchment fears, and sexual desires of thousands of lives lost to history. The transcribed casebooks offer a trap door into the arcane archive of magic and medicine.
A new study by Intermountain Healthcare introduces the Summit Score, a computer-calculated system that predicts COPD patient outcomes with higher accuracy. The score takes into account various risk factors and can help doctors plan and administer better patient care.
Researchers identified specific variations in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes associated with increased or decreased risk of Parkinson's disease. A history of cigarette smoking modified these associations, suggesting a possible explanation for the apparent protective effect of smoking on PD.
A study of 9,048 individuals in Sweden found that respiratory, skin, and urogenital infections significantly increase the risk of developing Sjögren's syndrome. The findings support the hypothesis that environmental triggers play a crucial role in its development.
Researchers found that individuals with second- and third-degree relatives who have had Alzheimer's are more likely to develop the disease. Having one first-degree relative and one second-degree relative increases risk by 21 times, while having four first-degree relatives increases risk nearly 15 times.
Research by Lehigh University professor Sirry Alang found that Blacks with high socioeconomic status are less likely to seek mental health care due to mistrust and racial inequities. The study suggests teaching about the history of racism in medicine and prioritizing marginalized narratives as solutions.
A new study reveals that cancer survivors experience greater financial burdens compared to non-cancer individuals, with younger survivors facing the most hardship. Privately insured cancer survivors with high deductible health plans without health savings accounts were particularly vulnerable to medical financial hardship.
A collection of JAMA articles explores the intersection of race, ancestry, and medical research, highlighting historical context and current challenges. The studies reveal the importance of accurately representing diverse populations in medical journals.
Under fee-for-service, team documentation requires physicians to save time to pay for itself; in contrast, capitation-based systems require empaneling new patients to cover costs. Researchers found that scribes can add more visit slots per year than medical assistants under capitated payment
Researchers analyzed human remains from Colonial Mexico to determine the evolutionary history of syphilis. They found that two subspecies of T. pallidum, associated with syphilis and yaws, can cause similar symptoms, suggesting a more complex evolutionary history than previously thought.
A new study found that a family history of psychiatric disorders, especially bipolar disorder, increases the risk of postpartum psychiatric conditions in mothers. The risk is higher when there's a male relative with a psychiatric disorder, and it's more pronounced among women without prior mental health issues.
Historians have long been puzzled by Saladin's sudden death in 1193, but expert Stephen J. Gluckman has shed new light on the mystery. Typhoid fever is believed to be the most likely culprit, a bacterial disease common in the region at the time.
Chronic dizziness can be a symptom of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, with up to 15% of patients affected. A whole-person approach addressing both mental and physical health is crucial in diagnosis and treatment.
A study by University of Waterloo historians reveals that vaccine hesitancy, also known as immunization apathy, is rooted in social and political factors rather than bad parenting. The study shows how decades of misinformation and a lack of political priority on disease prevention contributed to the issue.
A recent study found that cancer survivors were more likely to be insured, yet still reported greater challenges in accessing and affording healthcare compared to adults without cancer. The proportion of cancer survivors experiencing these issues decreased over time since the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law.
Researchers at Intermountain Medical Center are building a worldwide DNA registry to identify genetic codes that determine health risks. The GeneRosity Registry will allow for more specific searches, validating new genetic findings and driving future studies.
A study published in JAMA Ophthalmology found that ophthalmologists' perceptions of financial and clinical productivity declined as they adopted electronic health records, while overall practice costs increased. Only one-third of surveyed ophthalmologists said they would return to paper records if possible.
Cedars-Sinai finds that pharmacy staff taking medication histories reduces errors in both patient records and medication orders by over 80%. Pharmacy staff are now assigned to take medication histories for high-risk patients admitted through the Emergency Department.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings has found that individuals with lower serum calcium levels are more likely to experience sudden cardiac arrest. The research, which analyzed data from over 200 SCA cases and 445 control subjects, suggests that even normal-range serum calcium levels may pose a risk for SCA.
Research shows people of South Asian descent with a family history of coronary heart disease are more likely to have high levels of calcium buildup in their arteries. A CT scan may be an important test for those at risk, according to UT Southwestern cardiologists.
A new study by University of Exeter researchers found that hiding one's true self at work can damage career prospects and reduce feelings of belonging. Concealing stigmatised characteristics such as LGBT identity or poverty history results in lower self-esteem, job satisfaction, and commitment.
A study found that patients whose surgeons had a history of higher numbers of patient complaints were at increased risk of surgical and medical complications. The study analyzed over 32,000 patients and found that prior patient complaints significantly associated with the risk of complications, including readmission.
A study found that women with preeclampsia exhibit early signs of cardiac dysfunction, which persist after pregnancy. The research suggests a higher risk of heart disease in African-American women, emphasizing the need for close follow-up care.
Fake medicines have been a problem since the first manufacture, with thousands of 'Third Men' hiding in today's world. Investment in medicine regulatory authorities is crucial to combat substandard and falsified medicines that can drive antimicrobial resistance.
The Leopoldina Annual Assembly brings together 400 participants from around the world to discuss international dialogue in science. Key findings include recognition of outstanding research into present-day Chinese culture, with Freiburg sinologist Lena Henningsen receiving the Leopoldina Early Career Award 2016.
Researchers developed and validated a prediction model to determine sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk in adults without a history of cardiovascular disease. The study identified 12 independent risk markers that outperformed existing risk equations, providing a strong step toward distinguishing SCD risk across the general population.
Researchers are working to identify demographic and clinical factors that distinguish individuals under 50 with colon cancer from those without the disease. The study aims to develop a risk-based screening system, potentially including blood stool tests or other less invasive tests for high-risk groups.
Elderly patients with wrist fractures are more likely to have poor balance, increasing the risk of future injuries. Researchers recommend evaluating and treating balance deficiencies after a fracture to prevent further complications.
A large study of 15,000 adults found that falling up to six months before surgery is common and linked to lower quality of life and increased risk of injury. The frequency of falls among middle-aged patients was similar to those aged 65+, suggesting that a history of falls may be a powerful tool in assessing overall health.
A new study found that one-third of children with a strong family history of CVD and/or type 2 diabetes have higher total cholesterol and unfavorable cardiometabolic markers. This group is at a higher risk of heart attacks and strokes in adulthood.
A study published in JAMA found that the BMI value associated with lowest all-cause mortality has increased by 3.3 points over three decades, from 1976-1978 to 2003-2013. The risk for all-cause mortality decreased among obese individuals, with an optimal BMI of 27 or greater found in recent cohorts.
Researchers have identified Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease as Christina Olson's condition, which led to her loss of mobility and hand use. The diagnosis was made by Marc Patterson after reviewing her medical history and Andrew Wyeth's artwork depicting her.
A study published in JAMA found that early azithromycin treatment significantly reduced the risk of progression to severe lower respiratory tract illness in children with recurrent histories. The treatment was effective in reducing episodes of severe LRTI, but may lead to increased rates of antibiotic resistance.
A large study published in The BMJ found that women who underwent hysteroscopic sterilization using the Essure device had a significantly higher risk of reoperation following complications. The study analyzed data from over 8,000 and 44,000 women who underwent laparoscopic sterilization.
A workgroup published five primary recommendations to maximize health information exchange value in emergency departments, including physician involvement and standardized data elements. Seven secondary recommendations aimed to improve HIE for emergency physicians, focusing on data quality and access.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute found that Massot's modern neurosurgical techniques played a critical role in Kutuzov's survival and ultimate victory over Napoleon. The brain surgery allowed Kutuzov to make the best decision, avoiding a confrontation with Napoleon's superior forces.
An exploratory study found that ex-prisoners with a history of risky drug use, mental illness, or poverty are more likely to end up behind bars again. Those who are obese, chronically ill, or have attempted suicide are less likely to return to custody.
A new large study finds that women who are diagnosed with breast cancer and have a family history of the disease face no worse of a prognosis after treatment than other women with breast cancer. Successful treatment for breast cancer is just as likely in young patients with a family history of breast cancer, as in those without.
Historians investigate China's reunifications, arguing that social constructions and institutional structures drove the process. The study analyzes data from the Shang, Zhou, Qin, and Han eras, highlighting the role of urbanization, writing systems, and communication technologies.
The study identified seven vectored and five non-vectored disease regions, highlighting the impact of colonization, climate, and geography on disease distribution. Researchers found that not all pathogens are limited to specific geographic areas, suggesting a complex relationship between humans and their associated diseases.
Research suggests an increase in psychotropic medication prescriptions, with doctors often relying on standardized treatments rather than tailored approaches. The tension between clinical reasoning and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM) is also a major concern.
A new study from Indiana University recommends that primary-care doctors use a patient's medical history to diagnose common symptoms, often resolving issues without further tests. The study also highlights the importance of communication and symptom-specific treatments for effective management.
Despite having a family history of CVD, individuals are unlikely to adopt healthier habits, with those reporting a family history showing higher heart ages and poorer diet scores. Small lifestyle changes can still significantly reduce CVD risk, suggesting alternative strategies for behavior change.
A range of food descriptors is used in medicine to identify conditions and ailments, from 'anchovy sauce' to 'oat cell carcinoma.' Dairy products and fruit also feature prominently in the medical lexicon., These time-honored allusions serve as a lively learning inducement for generations of physicians.
A study of 50 returning veterans found that non-specific respiratory symptoms were common, with evidence of airway hyperreactivity in 36% of patients. Underlying mental health and sleep disorders were present in 66% of the patients. Airway hyperreactivity was seen in both asthma and nonspecific cases.