Articles tagged with Medical Tests
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that Charlie Sheen's public disclosure of his HIV status led to a significant increase in Google searches related to the disease. The study suggests that this surge in interest may have benefited public health by raising awareness and driving people to learn more about HIV prevention.
Researchers from MIPT and MSU created a computer model predicting agrochemical activity using machine learning and Kohonen self-organizing maps. The model showed high predictive power, accurately classifying molecules into pesticides or plant growth regulators with 87% accuracy.
A new coordinated soybean variety evaluation program aims to provide African farmers with high-yielding and disease-resistant seed options. The program, in partnership with the Syngenta Foundation and the University of Illinois, tests 25 varieties at 12 locations across Kenya, Malawi, and Zambia.
Researchers will develop software using virtual human models to predict injuries and recommend training modifications based on individual soldier characteristics. The program aims to prevent musculoskeletal injuries in US Marines and potentially benefit veterans and older adults with musculoskeletal injuries.
Research suggests that endovascular treatment can improve cognitive functioning and executive abilities after an ischemic stroke. Patients who underwent thrombectomy showed better preservation of executive function compared to those treated with medication alone.
The Atlas io system uses DNA probes with bespoke electrochemical tags to detect infectious diseases in less than 30 minutes. This technology has significant benefits over existing diagnostic tests, allowing for faster results and potentially reducing the spread of sexually transmitted infections.
Researchers found that mild stress increases brown fat activity, linked to higher cortisol levels and potential heat production. This discovery has implications for preventing obesity and diabetes through sustainable interventions.
Declines in PSA testing varied by physician type, with primary care physicians showing a larger decrease than urologists. The study suggests that perceptions of PSA screening benefits and conflicting guidelines may contribute to the differences.
Researchers have discovered a new bacterial species, B. mayonii, that causes Lyme disease in people in the upper Midwestern US. The species was previously unknown and has been identified through PCR testing of patient samples.
A simple test can rapidly detect preeclampsia, a deadly pregnancy-related condition affecting 5-8% of pregnancies worldwide. The Congo Red Dot (CRD) diagnostic test has an accuracy rate of 86%, identifying high blood pressure and protein in the urine.
Researchers developed a new test that detected mesothelioma 4-10 years before symptoms appeared, using a specific protein marker. The ONCOblot test detected the ENOX2 protein in serum samples from asbestos-exposed individuals, paving the way for earlier cancer detection and potentially reducing deaths.
A new report found that mature drivers are in favour of tighter rules on checking the health and suitability of over-70s to drive. Over half of respondents self-regulate to stay safe, but many support measures to increase their safety on the roads, such as annual tests and regular eyesight checks.
A new paper outlines how the University of Utah hospitalists used a tool developed at University of Utah Health Care to reduce unnecessary lab testing, decreasing lab costs by nearly 10 percent per patient visit. The approach resulted in significant cost savings and improved resource allocation.
A new investigation by The BMJ questions the validity of a pivotal trial supporting rivaroxaban's approval, citing concerns over a faulty blood clotting test device. Doctors and scientists are now calling for an independent investigation and access to original trial data to clarify the drug's benefits and harms.
A study published in the Journal of Medical Entomology found that the OFF! Clip-On repellent device is highly effective against hungry Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The device causes high mosquito mortality and knockdown rates, making it a promising tool for preventing Zika bites.
Researchers developed a new biosensor test system based on magnetic nanoparticles to measure protein concentrations in various samples. The system provides high sensitivity and accuracy, exceeding laboratory methods, and can detect proteins even in opaque liquids.
Research suggests that adding a simple endorsement from a patient's GP practice to the invitation letter could increase the number of people taking the bowel cancer screening test by up to 40,000 annually. This would lead to an additional 61 cases of bowel cancer and 165 high or medium-risk polyps being detected each year.
Researchers found that individuals with higher MET scores (indicating higher physical fitness) had a 40% lower mortality rate after a first heart attack. The study, published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings, suggests that doctors should recommend exercise programs to patients at risk of cardiovascular disease.
A study of nearly 70,000 patients found that those with higher aerobic fitness before a heart attack are more likely to survive their first heart attack. Fitness levels were associated with improved short-term survival rates after the event.
Researchers validated a two-protein test for predicting spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic women, identifying an optimal gestational age window and highly performing proteins. The study showed excellent performance of the novel classifier, with high accuracy rates for predicting preterm delivery before 35 weeks.
Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) are a framework for improving chemical hazard assessment by prioritizing modern test methods that reduce animal use. Scientists can identify specific Key Events that lead to adverse outcomes, allowing them to choose the most needed tests.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison discovered that people with excellent 3D vision are more susceptible to motion sickness while using virtual reality displays. The study found that these individuals are also better at judging the direction of moving objects, which may contribute to their discomfort.
A study of nearly 1 million Ontario adults found that preoperative laboratory tests were conducted prior to approximately 30% of low-risk surgical procedures. The rate of these tests varied significantly among institutions, with some performing them in over 98% of cases and others in none.
A Canadian study shows that pharmacists can detect chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a significant proportion of high-risk patients. Using an online decision-making tool, pharmacists screened 720 patients and found CKD in 39%, including previously unrecognized cases.
Researchers found that bed bugs that fed after being treated with insecticides had significantly lower mortality rates than those that didn't. The study suggests that feeding stimulates detoxification enzymes, leading to increased resistance and survival.
A new device to treat postpartum hemorrhage has received funding, with the goal of saving thousands of lives. The PPH Butterfly device can both stop bleeding immediately and help diagnose its source.
Researchers developed a system using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth signals to collect accurate travel data, matching origin and destination information collected by riders. The technology has the potential to improve equity in transit systems, particularly for less-privileged neighborhoods.
A new study developed a comparable test of learning and memory for humans as the one used in mice, addressing limitations in translating results from animals to humans. The virtual version of the Morris water maze was found to show significant impairments in both Alzheimer's disease model mice and early-stage AD patients.
Researchers at KU Leuven have fine-tuned a test for ultrasound diagnosis of ovarian tumours, improving accuracy and providing exact risk assessments. The new test has been analysed in 5,000 patient cases from 22 countries and is now ready for clinical use.
Researchers at the University of Hawaii developed innovative experiments to test first-aid measures for box jellyfish stings, finding that tried-and-true methods like vinegar and hot water immersion are effective in reducing venom toxicity. The study also introduced a new therapeutic called Sting No MoreTM, which inhibits venom directly.
Patients undergoing urologic surgery who are frail have a 1.7-times higher risk of complications. Frailty is an independent predictor of postoperative complications across most procedures.
A new app called QUiPP was tested in high-risk women to predict preterm birth risk. The app performed well as a predictive tool, outperforming individual factors like cervical length and fetal fibronectin levels.
The Endocrine Society recommends treating severe primary adrenal insufficiency symptoms immediately, even if a diagnosis is not confirmed. Patients should undergo diagnostic testing to rule out the condition and receive glucocorticoid replacement therapy to maintain cortisol levels.
Researchers discovered a new type of antidepressant that acts quickly in mice, unlike current treatments which take weeks or months. The compound CGP3466B targets a new network of proteins and has fewer side effects than existing medications.
Researchers developed a saliva-based test detecting methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propan 1,3 glycol and γ-hydroxybutyric acid. The test uses gas chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry for accurate detection of toxic levels in saliva samples.
A device developed by UVA researchers aims to automate blood-sugar levels in people with type 1 diabetes through two clinical trials, which could lead to FDA approval if successful. The artificial pancreas will be tested at nine locations worldwide, including Europe.
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that virtual colonoscopy had higher detection rates than traditional methods like FIT and OC. The researchers concluded that combination of lower attendance and higher detection rate makes CTC a key factor for optimization of its role in population screening.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital re-evaluate guidelines for testing and treating toenail fungus, finding that confirmatory testing may no longer be necessary for certain therapies. The study suggests that blanket recommendations should be replaced with tailored recommendations based on specific treatments.
A study suggests that treating all suspected cases of nail fungus with oral terbinafine is more cost-effective than performing confirmatory diagnostic tests beforehand. However, confirmatory testing before treatment with the expensive topical medicine efinaconazole resulted in reduced costs and overall savings.
Researchers developed a microfluidic biochip to count red and white blood cells, and platelets from just 11 microliters of blood. The biosensor takes under 20 minutes to measure and has the potential to improve patient care in low-resource settings.
Scientists have developed a rapid diagnostic test to combat Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), a deadly sleeping sickness. The test requires a pin-prick blood sample and is more heat-stable and user-friendly than existing methods.
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic method for a deadly fungal lung infection in leukemia patients, offering improved early detection and treatment options. The breakthrough uses distinct test results to identify the infectious mold, potentially refining diagnostics and improving survival rates.
Researchers found that paying attention to results of a simple blood test can help predict the likelihood of patients experiencing kidney failure or death. The studies emphasize the importance of monitoring measures of kidney function over time to inform treatment decisions.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals that adults with type 2 diabetes are often tested more frequently than needed, resulting in unnecessary costs and time burden. The researchers found that excessive testing increases the odds of overtreatment with hypoglycemic drugs.
The article provides recommendations for primary care physicians to screen for mental health issues in Syrian refugees, such as anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. It also highlights the importance of vaccinations, including measles, mumps, and rubella, as well as screening for chronic Hepatitis B and tuberculosis.
A large US study found that over half of patients with controlled type 2 diabetes receive more tests than recommended guidelines, leading to overtreatment and potential patient harm. The study also highlights fragmented care coordination as a possible reason for repeat tests.
Pharmaceutical sales representatives are screening people in India for their products, raising concerns about unchecked conflicts of interest and potential harm to patients. Local residents receive medical testing at 'health camps,' some organized by Indian drug firms and pharmaceutical companies like Abbott and Roche.
A study of 3,247 adults found that high TV viewing and low physical activity during young adulthood were associated with worse cognitive function in midlife. Participants with the least active patterns of behavior had poorer cognitive performance, including slower processing speed and executive function.
A review of medical literature suggests that isotretinoin therapy does not require frequent laboratory monitoring for most patients. The analysis of 26 studies found low rates of high-risk laboratory abnormalities and no significant increase in liver function or lipid levels. This finding supports less frequent lab testing, potentially...
Researchers have identified three food-grade colorants that can replace Citrus Red No.2 (CR2) in citrus fruit treatment. Annatto extract was found to be the most successful replacement, producing a stable 'dark orange' color in treated peels.
A new study by Georgia State University researchers found that combining two blood sugar tests can detect prediabetes more accurately in children and adults. This could help reduce the burden on the US healthcare system, projected to grow to 39 million cases of type 2 diabetes by 2050.
A new test, xWORM, uses the xCELLigence E-Plate to measure parasite motility, reducing time-consuming microscope checks and costs, offering a promising solution for treating parasitic worm diseases. The technology has potential applications in global health, particularly in tropical regions where such parasites infect millions of peopl...
A long-term study found that higher cardiorespiratory fitness in young adulthood is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and death. The study also found no link between cardiorespiratory fitness and the development of coronary artery calcification.
A new test for club drugs like ketamine can detect low levels of drugs in urine and plasma, making it faster, easier, and cheaper to identify them. The test uses gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and can detect amounts of the drug as low as 5 nanograms per milliliter.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have developed a new, non-invasive approach to detect concussions in young football players. The method uses a dual-task assessment and markerless motion capture system to establish a unique profile for each player in just seven minutes.
A new study from Group Health Research Institute shows that mailing yearly stool kits to patients boosts lifesaving screening for colon cancer. The approach increased screening rates from less than four in 10 to over half of patients who had never had a colonoscopy and were overdue for screening.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University found that thyroid cancer detection assays may not accurately measure two major biomarkers. The proteins tend to clump together, making it difficult to detect the true levels of thyroglobulin and galectin-3. By adding a step to break up these clumps, the tests could be made more accurate.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a crucial enzyme in maintaining telomere length. The discovery was made using a novel method called ADDIT, which found that ATM kinase plays a vital role in lengthening telomeres.
A new study found that Mycoplasma genitalium, a previously unknown sexually transmitted infection, affects up to 1% of the UK population aged 16-44. The infection was more prevalent among those with multiple sexual partners and in areas of higher deprivation.
A new UCLA-led study suggests that wrist fractures in postmenopausal women can predict a higher risk of future fractures, particularly spine, upper arm and lower arm fractures. The research highlights the importance of developing strategies to prevent subsequent fractures after an initial wrist fracture occurs.