Articles tagged with Medical Tests
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The updated DIfE German Diabetes Risk Score takes into account familial predisposition and provides personalized recommendations to reduce risk. The test is now available online and on mobile devices, offering a quick and precise assessment of type 2 diabetes risk.
Using drones to deliver vaccines in low- and middle-income countries could improve vaccination rates by up to 96% while producing significant cost savings. The technology has the potential to save $8.93 per dose and annual infrastructure costs of up to $60,000.
A study on mice suggests that endometriosis has a distinct lipid profile that could lead to a less invasive diagnostic test. The researchers found a difference in lipid metabolism between mice with the disorder and control animals.
The EU-funded EXTMOS project develops new organic semiconductor materials and additives for low-cost, flexible, wearable electronic devices. The project aims to accelerate material development through virtual testing and collaboration across multiple disciplines.
Scientists at Helmholtz Zentrum München are developing new tests to assess risks posed by nanomaterials in the airways, aiming to reduce complex toxicity tests. The project uses modern methods like systems biology and computer modeling to predict nanotoxicity.
A study of elite male cyclists found that chronic sleep restriction decreased energy expenditure during exercise, maximal aerobic power, and time to exhaustion. The results also showed a decrease in submaximal heart rate and peak heart rate, highlighting the impact of sleep loss on athletic performance.
Researchers at Zhejiang University have developed a potential biomarker for bacterial pneumonia using breath analysis. The study found a link between volatile organic compounds in exhaled air and patients diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia.
Babies born at 41 weeks' gestation are more likely to score higher on standardized tests and be classified as gifted, while also facing a slightly higher risk of physical disabilities. This advantage is particularly pronounced in children born to mothers with low education levels.
A six-week online training course called GET.ON has been shown to reduce the risk of developing depression in people at increased risk. The study found that 27% of those who completed the course developed depression, compared to 41% of those who did not receive the training.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a new blood test that detects Mycobacteria in blood with high sensitivity. The test delivers results within 48 hours and has been shown to detect the bacterium M. bovis in cattle diagnosed with bovine tuberculosis (bTB) with high accuracy.
Adults under 40 are not being sufficiently screened for lipid abnormalities while taking antipsychotics, which increases cardiovascular risk. Improved screening of this age group is crucial for early detection and intervention.
A Mayo Clinic study found that endoscopists with knowledge of a positive Cologuard test detected polyps or hemorrhagic lesions 83% of the time, compared to 68% without this information. This increased detection led to more true-positive results and fewer false-negative results.
The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences is conducting a phase 1 clinical trial to test a hookworm vaccine in an endemic area of Brazil. The trial aims to determine the safety and efficacy of combining two existing vaccines, with potential implications for global health.
Researchers found that current screening tools result in a 7% false-negative error rate, misclassifying individuals with mild cognitive impairment as cognitively normal. This can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, impacting individual health and research studies.
A team of researchers has developed an all-on-chip method for testing neutrophil chemotaxis directly from whole blood using a microfluidic system. The method enables rapid and accurate analysis of neutrophil migration in under 25 minutes, overcoming labor-intensive traditional cell preparation methods.
Researchers review bladder mechanics, focusing on material testing and theoretical modeling to improve understanding and diagnosis of urinary disorders. They highlight the need for more accurate models to simulate bladder behavior and predict outcomes.
Researchers at George Mason University have successfully developed an early-detection urine test for Lyme disease that accurately identifies the bacteria protein, even in patients with active cases. The test has shown promise for diagnosing other diseases, including Ebola, malaria, and tuberculosis.
A Queen's University researcher is conducting a study on high-dose selenium supplementation to reduce complications and improve recovery in cardiac surgery patients. The SUSTAIN study aims to show that a simple, inexpensive substance can affect health outcomes.
A recent study found that 92.2% of physicians believe doctors should control costs, but only 36.9% have a clear understanding of test and procedure costs. Primary care physicians reported greater awareness of the Choosing Wisely campaign, which aims to identify low-value services.
A new study published in Neurobiology of Aging found that shift workers performed worse on a cognitive test compared to non-shift workers. Those who had quit shift work for more than five years showed similar results to non-shift workers.
A study of 701 Canadian adults found that 30% of those diagnosed with asthma did not have current asthma after medication withdrawal. Careful testing revealed no evidence of airflow obstruction or bronchial hyper-reactivity in 37.5% of subjects.
A streamlined TB diagnosis approach using a single sputum sample and rapid results proved feasible in rural Uganda, increasing treatment initiation rates. The method uses fluorescence microscopy for quick analysis and GeneXpert testing for accurate results, with 73% of patients diagnosed correctly.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that slow gait speed before surgery is associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity following cardiac surgery. For each 0.1 meter/second decrease in gait speed, there was an 11% relative increase in operative mortality.
The BMJ OnExamination tool helps overseas nurses prepare for the NMC's Test of Competence, a mandatory computer-based test. After passing the test, they can register with the NMC and practice in the UK.
A silicone-based polymer coating has been developed to mimic the mechanical and elastic properties of healthy skin. The material can temporarily tighten skin, reduce water loss from dry skin and provide long-lasting UV protection.
A miniature camera using optical character-recognition technology mounted on eyeglasses significantly improves the ability to read and perform daily living activities. The device, called OrCam, recognizes text, faces, and commercial products, offering a new hope for those with age-related macular degeneration or advanced-stage glaucoma.
Researchers from NewYork-Presbyterian and Weill Cornell Medicine found that the landmark national study's methodology was flawed, leading to misinterpreted results that questioned the effectiveness of PSA testing. They suggest reconsidering prostate cancer screening guidelines.
A study of over 300,000 individuals suggests that cholesterol levels are similar whether patients fast or not. This new guideline eliminates the need for fasting before cholesterol testing, benefiting patients and healthcare providers alike.
A study by Lauren Bussey and colleagues found that rosemary essential oil significantly improved prospective memory in people over 65. Additionally, the scent increased alertness in this age group. The results support previous research on the cognitive benefits of rosemary aroma in healthy adults.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that women in sub-Saharan Africa who use modern contraceptives are more likely to undergo HIV testing than those who do not. The research highlights a missed opportunity to provide education and HIV testing concurrently with condom and pill provision.
A study found that nearly half of routine tests for monoclonal gammopathy are unnecessary and costly. An algorithm-driven approach can improve efficiency and reduce healthcare costs by putting more decision-making power in the hands of pathologists.
Researchers found that bed bugs strongly preferred red and black colors, but avoided green and yellow due to their resemblance to brightly-lit areas. The study's findings may have implications for controlling bed bug populations by using color preference in traps.
Rheumatoid arthritis patients are at risk of developing hearing impairment due to various factors such as synovial destruction and environmental exposures. Regular audiometric tests and TEOAEs can detect early stages of the disease, and treatment options include oral steroids and intensifying Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs.
Researchers found a significant reduction in bullying behavior among students who completed the online program StandUp, which teaches verbal, physical, sexual, and cyberbullying prevention. The program increased the use of healthy relationship skills and reduced bystander passivity to both emotional and physical bullying.
Researchers used numerical simulations to investigate the effect of red blood cell hold position on strain field during tensile testing. The results show significant variations in deformed geometry and strain distribution, highlighting the importance of considering hold position in RBC tensile test interpretation.
A recent study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that smokers have a much harder time finding work than nonsmokers. After controlling for various factors, the research showed that smokers remained unemployed longer and earned substantially less than their non-smoking counterparts.
Scientists used mafic dikes to determine the connection between northern Laurentia (North America) and southern Siberia for over a billion years. The study reveals new arrangements of continental blocks within Nuna-Columbia and Rodinia, with potential economic implications for mining companies.
A new study confirms the success of Boot Camp Translation, a patient-engagement method that translates complex medical guidelines into locally relevant language. The process has improved cancer testing, asthma management and hypertension control in various communities across the US.
A new study by McGill University Health Centre researchers found that oral provocation tests are a more efficient and safer method for diagnosing non-life-threatening reactions to antibiotics in children. The study also showed that up to 10% of children may develop mild skin eruptions upon subsequent exposure.
A new paper-based test can detect foodborne pathogens within 15 minutes, making it a game-changer in large-scale food manufacturing. The test uses controlled pore size to handle complex analysis, providing simple results that don't require special training.
Researchers are identifying who may benefit from cognitive training and new methods to result in long-lasting, positive effects on cognition. Cognitive neuroscientists are using tools like tDCS to boost working memory, with enhancements lasting over months.
A study found that oxytocin nasal spray decreases impulsive behavior in overweight men, allowing for better self-control and reduced food intake. The treatment showed promising results with minimal side effects, suggesting a potential new approach to treating obesity.
Researchers from San Diego State University have developed a portable balance board called BTrackS that provides fast, objective feedback on an athlete's balance disruption following a suspected concussion. The technology has been found to be about twice as effective as the most widely used balance test for concussion nationwide.
A new study found that estrogen replacement therapy improves verbal memory and cognitive flexibility in young female athletes with amenorrhea. The study showed significant improvements in both immediate recall of words and ability to switch between tasks, even when controlling for age and pre-treatment test scores.
Scientists have repurposed portable glucose monitors to detect diseases using enzymes and liposomes. The method accurately detects thrombin levels, corresponding to restricted blood flow or heart disease. This approach could be used to detect other disease-associated proteins.
A new perspective paper advocates for a comprehensive approach to recognize and manage therapeutic illusion to improve the use of medical treatments. Physicians' unjustified beliefs in treatment can perpetuate unnecessary and costly care.
A new study reveals that despite the availability of lung cancer tests and treatment to 70% of the world's population, large discrepancies exist in patient access. The study found that many poorer countries lack access to essential tests and treatments due to high costs and low HDI scores.
Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks primarily carrying the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi. Researchers are exploring four arms of treatment-related research, including a mouse study of a regimen that eradicated the bacteria in the test tube and strategies to discover new drugs selectively targeting the Lyme bacterium. The goal is to pr...
Mount Sinai researchers found that testing service and time of collection significantly influenced results, with some test providers flagging more abnormal readings than others. The study highlights the importance of accurate lab test results in medical decision-making.
A study by the University of Geneva found that excessive noise disrupts premature babies' tactile skills, hindering their ability to memorize shapes and distinguish between objects. The researchers suggest implementing environmental measures to reduce noise levels in neonatal units to support optimal brain development.
African American patients are less likely to receive a common genomic test that predicts the seriousness of early-stage breast cancer. The study found higher scores among African Americans, indicating an increased likelihood of aggressive tumor biology benefiting from chemotherapy.
A study from Sahlgrenska Academy found that free gynecological pap test screenings did not increase participation among women in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Despite a low fee of SEK 11, the results showed only a slight difference in participation rates between those offered free screening and those who paid the usual fee.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that women tend to perform better on verbal memory tests and have less brain shrinkage in areas responsible for verbal memory. This suggests that women may be protected from loss of verbal memory skills before Alzheimer's disease symptoms appear.
In vitro tests of Vype ePen e-cigarette vapor revealed no activation of cell stress responses, DNA damage, or cellular transformation. In contrast, cigarette smoke induced significant DNA damage and promoted tumour formation in human lung cells.
A University of Florida study found that less than one-quarter of patients with prediabetes received treatment from their primary care physician. Prediabetes is a common condition that increases the risk of vascular problems and diabetes, yet many people remain undiagnosed or untreated.
Research finds that single and double-bundle ACL reconstruction techniques yield comparable outcomes in patients undergoing surgery, with both groups demonstrating similar knee stability and health post-recovery. The study also notes no significant difference in performance tests between the two techniques.
The USPSTF found convincing evidence that visual acuity testing can identify refractive errors, but inadequate evidence on the benefits of screening and detection. Early treatment of refractive error, cataracts, and AMD improves or prevents loss of visual acuity, with small harms from early treatment.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health found that non-native English speakers performed slower on sideline vision tests and had higher saccade rates compared to native English speakers. The study suggests that clinicians and trainers need to consider language when interpreting test results, which may impact concussion detection.
Children with ADHD often exhibit hyperactive behavior when trying to solve problems. New FSU research shows that movement can positively impact working memory and cognitive function in these children. The study's findings suggest that fidgeting may be a helpful strategy for improving attention, impulse control, and school success.
The Institute for In Vitro Sciences (IIVS) received a grant from the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM) to develop non-animal test methods for fragrance materials. The project aims to characterize respiratory effects using computational approaches and in chemico techniques.