A large-scale multicenter prospective study found that PCI on coronary artery lipid-rich plaque (LRP) detected by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was not associated with subsequent major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The study suggests that NIRS-defined LRP is a safe and stable condition, contrary to previous autopsy-based studies.
A special issue of Future Oncology examines the latest breakthroughs in prostate cancer imaging, including multiparametric MRI and PET imaging. The issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the field's current state and future directions.
Researchers developed ultra-low adhesive coatings that prevented bacteria from attaching to surfaces treated with it, reducing bacterial adhesion by more than 98 percent. The coatings, inspired by nature, are stable when exposed to UV light and have potential in implanted devices prone to bacterial fouling and infection.
Researchers found that combining virtual reality with treadmill training reduced fall frequency and risk for at least six months after training. The intervention improved both physical mobility and cognitive aspects of safe walking.
Researchers developed a new method using atomic force microscopy to quantify the mechanical properties of hair, documents, fingerprints, and explosives. This can help improve the accuracy and reliability of forensic practices.
A University of Michigan study found that low-carb meals significantly lower insulin resistance by over 30 percent within 24 hours, while high-carb meals sustain it. Exercise before meals also failed to lower insulin resistance, and may even increase blood sugar levels.
The study investigates changes in perceptions about home in space and the development of a unique culture among astronauts. Researchers found that a shared space culture can help crew members respond to different situations, reducing stress and improving morale.
A study found that regular physical activity, consuming more fruits and vegetables, and being normal weight or overweight are associated with improved cognitive function. Higher levels of physical activity may mediate the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and better cognitive performance.
Chronic neurodegenerative disorders are progressively altered brain cell functions, but nanotechnology offers a solution with bio-engineered systems that interact at a molecular level. Nanomedicine improves drug efficacy with sustained release, reduced toxicity and fewer side effects.
The study highlights the importance of understanding the risks of obesity and its effects on overall health. Americans perceive diet and exercise as the most effective long-term weight loss method, despite medical professionals recommending a range of treatments.
Researchers at Rockefeller University used Caenorhabditis elegans worms to study the impact of genetic variations on social behavior. They found that certain genetic variants affect sensitivity to pheromones, leading to changes in foraging strategies, and suggest a link between population density and behavioral adaptations.
Researchers are developing scalable solutions for cross-border interoperability of routinely collected medical data. The expert article emphasizes the need for rigorous governance processes to standardize data quality.
A team of researchers found that polysorbate 80, a safe food additive, can slow the toxic effects of E. coli poisoning by attacking its protective biofilm and rendering it harmless. This approach could provide an effective alternative to traditional antibiotics without driving antimicrobial resistance.
Researchers propose that understanding the connection between size and number is crucial for developing higher math abilities. This new approach could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of dyscalculia in younger children.
Samumed has been selected for seven presentations in five therapeutic areas at the ACR Annual Meeting. The company's novel Wnt pathway inhibitor compounds show potential for treating diseases such as chronic tendinopathy, degenerative disc disease, scleroderma, osteoarthritis, and psoriasis.
The Jefferson Project at Lake George will complete its 41-sensor network, collecting real-time data on lake water quality and circulation. The project aims to improve knowledge of the lake ecosystem and support effective protection for generations to come.
Researchers at Wyss Institute develop self-healing slippery surface coatings to prevent biofilm formation on medical implants, preserving innate immune responses. The technology has the potential to obviate widespread antibiotic use and minimize antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute discovered how MEK inhibitor trametinib controls tumor progression by reducing immune suppression and allowing anti-tumor T cells to target tumors. This finding provides new insights into the effects of targeted therapies on antitumor immunity.
A recent study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that uninsured women under 65 years of age are more likely to experience delays in receiving follow-up mammograms. These delays can contribute to disparities in breast cancer outcomes, including larger tumor size at diagnosis and reduced survival.
A new cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) resource has been developed to manage children's dental anxiety. The study found a significant reduction in dental anxiety and an increase in health-related quality of life among children who used the guided self-help CBT resource.
A study of over 260,000 infants found that untreated infections during infancy increased the risk of childhood obesity by 25%. The research suggests that reducing infant infections may be a key strategy for preventing childhood obesity.
A new study reveals that investing in elephant conservation is economically favorable across most of Africa, with returns exceeding $1.78 for every dollar invested. This assessment highlights the importance of protecting elephant populations and their habitats to maintain nature-based tourism economies.
Trauma patients who receive intensive physical, occupational, and cognitive therapy at acute care inpatient rehabilitation facilities are more likely to go home and survive a year after discharge. The study found that these patients experienced significant improvements in functional outcome and had a lower risk of death after a year.
The LifeWatchGreece team publishes a vast collection of peer-reviewed scientific outputs, including software descriptions, data papers, taxonomic checklists and research articles, to demonstrate the availability and applicability of their e-Services and Virtual Laboratories.
Researchers found that pregnant women experience decreased drug exposure due to increased elimination, but few studies described clinical outcomes. The findings highlight the need for clinicians to be aware of these unique pregnancy-related pharmacokinetics and critically examine their implications.
A systematic review of studies suggests a 12% lower risk of stroke associated with moderate egg consumption, likely due to the high-quality protein and antioxidants present. Eggs are an affordable source of essential nutrients, supporting heart health and overall well-being.
Researchers developed a technology to track water movement in concrete using small electrical currents, allowing for accurate monitoring of water flow and potential issues. This method is faster, safer, and less expensive than existing technologies.
Scientists at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center found that certain short, repetitive DNA sequences contribute to the development of Ewing sarcoma by enhancing susceptibility to an oncoprotein. These sequences interact with histones in a way similar to stem cells, allowing the oncoprotein to change gene expression.
Researchers have discovered that schizophrenia-linked gene deletions alter the brain's ability of stem cells to differentiate into neurons and astrocytes. HiPSCs from patients with schizophrenia exhibit reduced neurogenesis and increased glial cell production compared to healthy controls.
A new study identifies the Hedgehog signaling pathway as a central driver of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), which are often resistant to current treatments. Researchers have found that targeting this pathway with arsenic may offer a new approach to treatment, potentially killing multidrug-resistant cell lines.
Researchers have successfully used PET imaging to visualize cardiac amyloidosis, a condition characterized by abnormal protein deposits in the heart. The study showed that F-18-florbetaben PET imaging can accurately identify and differentiate between cardiac amyloidosis and hypertensive heart disease.
Research at York University found that eating more fruits and vegetables daily, combined with regular exercise, improves cognitive functioning and may delay dementia. The study, which analyzed data from over 45,000 participants, showed a significant relationship between physical activity and better cognitive performance.
Researchers Philip Kortum and Michael D. Byrne examine how voting interface design affects voter behavior, revealing potential for errors and flawed designs. Poor interfaces can lead to ambiguous ballots, unintended vote selection, and nullified votes.
Research by Iowa State University professor Tessa Ditonto found that women candidates who are perceived as competent can win elections just like men. However, voters are more forgiving of men who appear incompetent. The study suggests that women should focus on their qualifications and policies to overcome gender stereotypes.
Released prisoners in Sweden who received antipsychotics, psychostimulants, and addictive disorder medications had a 42%, 38%, and 52% lower rate of violent reoffending, respectively. Completion of psychological treatments also showed significant reductions.
A new study from the University of Georgia finds that the delay between a disease outbreak's possibility and its occurrence depends on infection frequency and disease transmission rate. The findings provide key insights into drivers of outbreaks and offer an estimate of likely delay times, aiming to improve public health preparedness.
Researchers found that chloramphenicol and linezolid attack the catalytic center of the ribosome, but stop protein synthesis only at specific checkpoints. This new understanding could lead to better drugs and more efficient treatment of human and animal diseases.
A new national consumer survey found that 44% of people under 35 believe e-cigarettes are less harmful to the lungs. Researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center are conducting two clinical studies to evaluate the health effects of e-cigarettes and other tobacco products.
A Canadian-funded study finds that poor fetal growth before birth is the greatest risk factor for child stunting in developing countries. The study suggests a need for greater emphasis on maternal health and environmental factors such as sanitation to prevent stunting.
A study by Brown University researchers found that hospital readmission history is a strong predictor of future readmissions after controlling for key confounding factors. The analysis showed that patients are going to skilled nursing facilities based on logistics-related preferences rather than the severity of their illness.
Physicist Chris Greene and his team observed a butterfly Rydberg molecule, a weak pairing of two highly excitable atoms that was predicted to exist more than a decade ago. The discovery validates the theoretical approach and opens up new possibilities for molecular scale electronics or machines.
The PLATINUM DIVERSITY trial found that women and minorities had higher rates of death and myocardial infarction after coronary stent procedures compared to white men. The study also highlighted the need for further research into the causes of these observed gradients of risk.
A team of scientists has discovered that human cells and neutron stars share similar structures, including Terasaki ramps, which are helical shapes connecting stacked sheets. The similarities between these two vastly different systems suggest a universal principle governing the energy of a system.
Researchers identify ATR gene as crucial for brain tumor growth and development, developing nanoparticle-formulated drug to block tumor growth. The investigational treatment shows promise in reducing cerebellar growth by causing cell death in neural progenitors.
A novel therapeutic target and treatment strategy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been discovered, using a small molecule drug to block fructose utilization. This approach shows dramatic therapeutic benefit for AML treatment, improving patient outcomes.
Research on Greenland's glaciers reveals that cryoconite granules, formed by cold-loving microbes and mineral particles, accelerate melting. The study found a correlation between fine mineral particle concentrations and cryoconite granule presence.
The study reveals that the loss of cilia on facial cells impairs the function of developmental repressors, leading to increased Hedgehog signaling and facial widening. This discovery provides insights into the mechanisms of midfacial development and sheds light on the underlying causes of ciliopathies.
A new review by Concordia research reveals that women can experience orgasms through multiple sensory inputs, including the external clitoris, internal vagina, and non-genital areas. The study challenges traditional notions of a single 'whole' orgasm and highlights the diversity of female arousal experiences.
A study of U.S. male veterans found that young adults with symptoms of alcohol dependence had poorer physical and mental health in their 60s, even if they quit drinking by age 30. Researchers believe years of heavy drinking may cause lasting damage to brain areas involved in emotional regulation.
Researchers found that beta-cryptoxanthin inhibits nicotine-linked lung cancer development in mouse models, reducing tumor number and invasiveness. The study suggests that eating foods high in BCX may have a beneficial effect on lung cancer risk for smokers and tobacco product users.
Researchers found that high levels of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) trigger aggressive breast cancer cell behavior. By targeting MnSOD, scientists hope to develop effective therapeutic strategies against triple-negative breast cancer.
The PheNode, a solar-powered environmental sensor and phenotyping station, continuously monitors field crops for growth rate, stem diameter, height, and more. It provides crucial information for crop improvement and precision agriculture, helping growers make better decisions to manage their crops and reduce environmental footprint.
A recent study on two echolocating bat species found a contraction of smell receptors and loss of vision-related genes, indicating evolutionary trade-offs. The research also revealed genetic adaptations associated with high altitudes in the great leaf-nosed bats.
A study found that breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy with high genetic susceptibility had the highest risk of VTE. The one-year cumulative incidence of VTE was 9.5% in these patients, compared to 1.3% in those without high genetic susceptibility.
The microbiome plays a crucial role in human health and disease, making it essential for personalized medicine. Research suggests that understanding the microbiome's interactions with genetics, environment, and lifestyle can lead to more effective treatments, including targeted therapies and antibiotics.
A study published in BMJ Open suggests that women may be at risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. The research found that nearly four in ten women experienced symptoms of PTSD, including re-experiencing feelings and intrusive thoughts, three months after their loss.
Researchers created small-molecule probes to discover and characterize novel protein modifications, including a previously unknown glyoxylyl group attachment. The study uncovered dozens of proteins with apparent electrophiles that have never been characterized.
Researchers observed a significant increase in photocatalysis rates after recycling catalysts, with rates up to 1.7 times higher in the second cycle and 3.1 times higher in the third cycle.
Researchers have developed tiny graphene radios that can transmit terahertz waves at speeds greater than one terabit per second, paving the way for an Internet of Nano-Things. These radios could enable short-range, high-speed communication and revolutionize industries such as healthcare and agriculture.
A new study highlights the importance of advance care planning in nursing homes, where most residents prefer less aggressive treatment and comfort care over life-extending measures. The study found that formal conversations facilitated by specially trained nurses resulted in changes to care plans about two-thirds of the time.
A study published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise found that high fitness levels moderate the relationship between stress and cardiovascular risk factors. Regular physical activity can help mitigate the negative effects of stress on health.
A report from Merck KGaA and the American Cancer Society highlights that four top cancer causes in women are mostly preventable or can be detected early, leading to more successful treatment. The number of women who will lose their lives to cancer is expected to increase by 57% from 3.5 million in 2012 to 5.5 million by 2030.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai discovered that cutting nerves to the kidneys dramatically improves liver sensitivity to insulin, effectively curing insulin resistance in laboratory animals. The study reveals a previously unknown communication pathway between the kidneys and liver to regulate blood sugar levels.
Scientists at NREL made a groundbreaking discovery that Clostridium thermocellum can take up and utilize both CO2 and cellulose, counter-intuitive in heterotrophic microbes. This pathway enables the bacterium to use both CO2 and organic carbons during growth.
A study found over 600 genera of arthropods in US home dust, with diversity linked to pet presence and rural areas. Climate played a significant role in determining specific arthropod ranges.
Scientists at the University of Missouri have developed a noninvasive procedure to identify individuals exposed to uranium within one year using hair and nail samples. The technique can also distinguish between natural and manmade sources of uranium, offering a significant advantage in detecting nuclear smuggling threats.
Carl M. Bender was awarded the 2017 Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics for his development of PT symmetry theory in quantum systems. This theory has generated profound new mathematics and impacted broad areas of experimental physics, inspiring generations of mathematical physicists.
The SENTINEL trial found that the Sentinel device was safe during TAVR but did not meet its primary efficacy endpoint of reducing median new lesion volume on MRI. Despite this, embolic protection resulted in a reduction of new lesion volume after adjusting for confounders.
Researchers created a new iPS-cell model to study spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, finding that mature Purkinje cells with the SCA6 mutation become vulnerable when deprived of thyroid hormone. The team discovered compounds that can suppress this vulnerability and prevent cell death.
HybPiper is a streamlined pipeline for processing target-enrichment data, extracting coding and intronic regions, and detecting duplicate gene copies. The tool allows researchers to quickly analyze large amounts of DNA sequencing data, facilitating accurate species relationships.
A consumer tax on fossil fuels could lower its use and encourage cleaner alternatives, a new study suggests. The research proposes a Pigouvian tax as an effective way to balance economic needs with environmental protection.
Orthopaedic surgeons are adopting new patient-focused measures to improve post-surgical outcomes and quality of life. The National Institutes of Health's Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is being used to objectively assess and track patient symptoms over time.
A comprehensive analysis of research published since 2000 found that schools with positive climates can narrow achievement gaps among students of different socioeconomic backgrounds. The study suggests that by promoting a positive climate, schools can decrease socioeconomic inequalities and enable more social mobility.
La Jolla Institute for Immunology researchers have developed a new method to inactivate specific genes in immune cells using enhancer targeting. This approach allows for the precise deletion of genes in one cell type while leaving others intact, opening up new possibilities for targeted therapies.
A national 10% tax on SSBs in Mexico may prevent 189,300 new cases of type 2 diabetes, 20,400 incident strokes and heart attacks, and 18,900 deaths among adults aged 35-94 over 10 years. The tax could save 983 million international dollars in healthcare costs due to prevention of diabetes cases.
Researchers at the University of Miami are investigating a combination of CBD and NMDA antagonist to reduce brain inflammation and symptoms associated with concussion. The goal is to develop a clinically proven medication to treat cognitive and emotional consequences of single and repetitive brain injuries.
A low-impact exercise program in senior centers helped decrease pain, improve mobility, and enhance quality of life for participants. Participants reported significant improvements in activities of daily living and were very satisfied with the program.
Researchers have discovered a new material called diamond nanothread (DNT) that boasts exceptional strength, flexibility, and conductivity. DNT has the potential to be used in various applications, including ultra-strong composites, flexible electronics, and even space elevators.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have measured the absolute numbers of short, non-coding, RNA sequences in individual embryonic stem cells, revealing their precise function. The new method could lead to improved IVF treatments by identifying embryos with the best chance of development.
Research by the universities of Exeter and Stirling found that well-fed male crickets call for longer periods, increasing their mating prospects. This approach, not a strategic decision, led to better-provisioned crickets attracting more female visitors and surviving longer.
A St. Jude Children's Research Hospital analysis found that providing feedback to staff who report errors is crucial for improving patient safety. The study, published in the Journal of Patient Safety, suggests that hospitals should focus on informing staff about how their previous reports have helped enhance patient care.
A study of over 300,000 births found no significant link between Tdap vaccination during pregnancy and microcephaly or structural birth defects. The researchers concluded that the findings support routine Tdap administration during pregnancy.
A new study translates wearable sensor data into empirically-verified measures of health risks and longevity, offering significant financial value to third parties. The researchers developed the Better Life and Income Scoring System (BLISS score), which combines physical activity data with personal financial information.
Researchers at University of Minnesota and Dow Chemical Company developed a new method for customizing ingredients in oral medications to improve solubility and absorption. The discovery has the potential to lower production costs and advance the development of life-saving drugs.
A new instrument prototype, BILI, uses fluorescence-based lidar to search for organic bio-signatures on Mars and other targets in the solar system. The instrument can scan terrain from a distance of several hundred meters, detecting small levels of complex organic materials in real-time.
A phase-1 clinical trial demonstrates that gene therapy can restore functional type-7 collagen protein expression and improve wound healing in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. The treatment appears safe and well-tolerated, with improved outcomes for patients who had not healed for five years.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a new interactive sleep app, SleepCoacher, that uses sleep analytics to provide personalized recommendations. The app guides users through self-experiments to find the most effective recommendations for improving their sleep.
A Hospital for Special Surgery survey found that arthritis and osteoporosis were the most common diagnosed musculoskeletal conditions affecting residents in lower Fairfield and Upper Westchester Counties. The study also highlighted falls as a significant problem, with 25% of respondents reporting a fall in the past year.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have discovered a drug combination that targets mitotic slippage, allowing for complete cell death and improving chemotherapy's effectiveness. The study focuses on inactivating CRL2-ZYG11, which promotes mitosis, and has potential to treat various cancers.
A study led by the University of Kent found that transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) delayed leg muscle exhaustion by 15% during exhaustive leg exercise. Participants felt less effort during exercise, but no effect was observed on neuromuscular response.
The Amur leopard genome sequence reveals that a meat-only diet leads to physiological, biochemical, and morphological adaptations. This finding has implications for the species' conservation status, as specialized diets result in low genetic diversity and small population sizes among cat family members.
The US FDA has awarded Critical Path Institute three grants to develop data standards for HIV treatment, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, and improved animal efficacy studies. C-Path will collaborate with CDISC to create therapeutic area data standards to accelerate clinical research and medical product development.
A new series published in The Lancet highlights the need for international efforts to end preventable deaths from breast and cervical cancer, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Cost-effective interventions, such as routine HPV vaccination and cervical screening, can significantly reduce mortality rates if implemented.
A study found that up to 40% of consumers with food allergy concerns buy products with 'may contain' or 'manufactured on shared equipment' labels despite the risk. Food allergy affects approximately 8% of children and 2% of adults, with nearly 40% of children experiencing life-threatening reactions.
The study found that being born at term but small for gestational age is the leading global risk factor for childhood stunting. Unimproved sanitation and poor nutrition also significantly contribute to stunting in children.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have developed a combination therapy that improves chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. BET inhibitors can suppress ALDH activity, making treatment more effective when used with cisplatin. This approach has shown extended survival rates and delayed tumor growth in mice.
Researchers propose that mind-wandering is a spontaneous mode of thought, essential for creativity and daydreaming. Increased awareness of this thinking can lead to better diagnoses and treatments for depression, anxiety, and ADHD.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have demonstrated that 3D-printed permanent magnets can outperform conventional bonded magnets while conserving critical materials like neodymium and dysprosium. The additive manufacturing process produces complex shapes with nearly zero material waste.
The new expert consensus statement provides recommendations for patient monitoring and sedation administration during pediatric cardiac catheterization procedures. Key findings highlight the need for standardized practices to minimize anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality in patients with congenital heart disease.
A new study by Boston University researchers indicates that citizens are likely to know a gun violence victim, highlighting the issue's prevalence in American society. The study used CDC data from 2013 and found that nearly all Americans have a 99.85% chance of knowing someone who has experienced gun violence.
A man developed acute hepatitis from consuming energy drinks, while another patient suffered serious heart complications after multiple bee stings. A third patient, an opium smoker, was diagnosed with lead poisoning due to contaminated tobacco products.
A study published in Nature reveals that atmospheric aerosols above the Amazon rainforest originate from nanoparticles formed in the upper atmosphere. These particles are transported to the ground by clouds and rain, forming new populations of aerosol particles that act as cloud condensation nuclei.
The RESPECT trial found that percutaneously closing a patent foramen ovale (PFO) using the Amplatzer PFO Occluder was superior to medical management in preventing recurrent ischemic stroke. Key findings showed a 45% relative risk reduction in recurrent ischemic stroke for the PFO group.
Research from Duke University finds shotgun marriages increasing among certain groups of women, including young mothers and those with less education. The study suggests that shotgun marriages are not as unstable as thought, with divorce rates comparable to other marriages.