The Houston Methodist Research Institute has established a research center focused on the physics of cancer immunotherapy, exploring physiological changes during cancer progression. The CITO will combine cancer immunology, biotechnology, and transport oncophysics to reveal how immunotherapy works in cancer patients.
Researchers at TUM found that brassinosteroids increase plant resistance to frost by regulating a protein called CESTA, which influences gene expression and fatty acid composition. This discovery may provide solutions to climate-related agricultural problems.
Researchers at University of Texas at Arlington are developing a new method and device to control blood pressure levels automatically using targeted electrical stimulation. The system aims to reduce drug side effects and improve treatment accuracy for patients with cardiac care environments.
Researchers have discovered that prion proteins, previously known for causing fatal diseases, may also transmit beneficial traits from cell to cell. These intrinsically disordered proteins can adapt yeast cells to stressful environments and are conserved over millions of years in human cognates.
A new study reveals that increased temperatures from global warming can collapse symbiotic gut bacteria in insects, leading to severe fitness defects and death. The research highlights the impact of rising temperatures on organisms living in symbiosis, sparking deleterious chain reactions.
Researchers found that video monitoring can detect nocturnal seizures, particularly tonic seizures, but the added value is limited due to high costs. The study suggests developing less costly and invasive devices to improve detection while addressing privacy concerns.
A randomized trial found no significant differences in rates of complications between observation and antibiotic treatment groups for uncomplicated diverticulitis. Patients who received antibiotics had shorter hospital stays compared to those who underwent observation.
A new device makes 2D mass spectrometry widely accessible, enabling researchers to produce data-driven results on protein molecules' function. This breakthrough could lead to a revolution in pharmaceutical and biomedical communities, producing quicker and better results.
KAIST researchers create ultramicroporous benzothiazole polymers with exceptional stability and affinity for CO2, offering a sustainable solution to natural gas sweetening. The novel materials can be recycled back into an efficient process.
Scientists have created biocompatible nanoseeds that can be injected into tumors to deliver radioactive isotopes, reducing damage to surrounding tissue. This innovative approach has the potential to improve radiation therapy for cancer patients, particularly those with inoperable solid tumors.
A recent study has identified a potential biomarker for assessing pancreatic tumor grade, which could improve diagnostic techniques and treatment strategies. Annexin 6-expressing vesicles were found to support increased tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumors.
A new study estimates that invasive insects globally incur at least US$70 billion in annual costs to goods and services, while also resulting in significant health expenses. The researchers stress that these figures are likely underestimates due to the lack of research on the topic in many regions.
A study published by Texas A&M scientists found that red imported fire ants can increase the abundance of small mammals and reduce the number of ticks in an ecosystem. This could lead to a decrease in tick-borne disease transmission to humans and animals.
A new study found that a user-centric control interface significantly improves performance of drone pilots, resolving some of the user control issues undermining drone safety. The findings suggest that current remote control methods can lead to hazards and accidents.
Researchers studied rates of mutation in a range of organisms and found that males contribute more genetic mutations than females. This male mutation bias may arise from errors in DNA replication and is critical for understanding disease-associated mutations.
A recent study by British American Tobacco found that e-cigarette vapour contains toxicant levels on average 95% lower than conventional cigarette smoke. The study measured 142 compounds in e-cigarette vapour and found substantial reductions in toxicant groups, with most cigarette smoke toxicants undetectable.
Networking is crucial for spreading integrated pest management in agriculture. The article suggests three ways to improve networking: enhancing communication between research organizations, involving advisors in defining research projects, and structuring knowledge generation approaches. By following these recommendations, farmers can ...
A meta-analysis of 62 studies found that no-till agriculture increases microbial biomass and enzymatic activity compared to tilled systems. Chisel plows associated with greater microbial biomass in conservation tillage systems.
A recent review published in Frontiers in Physiology challenges long-held views that abstinence from sexual activity can improve athletic performance. Research suggests that sex before competition may have a beneficial effect on marathon runners' performance and does not negatively impact performance.
New research finds a positive association between community violence exposure and subsequent violent behavior among African American and Latino male youths. The study suggests that repeated exposure can lead to emotional desensitization and increased aggressive behaviors.
A recent UCLA-led study found that nearly 12% of people diagnosed with pyelonephritis had antibiotic-resistant infections, up from 4% a decade ago. The emergence of ESBL-producing E. coli strains limits treatment options, highlighting the need for new medications and guidelines.
Scientists describe the first recorded predation of a vampire bat by a rainbow boa in an Ecuadorian cave. The snake caught and killed the bat before consuming it in 4 minutes and 50 seconds.
Researchers are working to develop safer drug treatments for newborns through increased clinical trials and improved efficiency. Currently, most medication treatments in newborns are based on adult studies, which can lead to uncertainty about their effectiveness.
Researchers found that great hammerhead sharks swim on their sides at approximately 60° roll angles, allowing them to minimize energy expenditure. This unique swimming style enables the sharks to avoid sinking and continue swimming efficiently due to lift forces produced by their dorsal fins.
Researchers identify two gut bacteria that activate cancer-fighting T cell immune responses, enhancing the effects of cyclophosphamide. These microbial-driven immune responses predicted longer progression-free survival in advanced lung and ovarian cancer patients treated with chemo-immunotherapy.
A recent study reveals that invasive insects cause significant damage to agriculture, health care, and infrastructure, resulting in estimated annual losses of 69 billion euros. The majority of these damages are attributed to North America, with Europe and Asia also experiencing substantial financial losses.
A study by NIST researchers found that security fatigue leads users to adopt risky computing behavior, causing costs to businesses. The study defines security fatigue as weariness or reluctance to deal with computer security.
Researchers have cataloged 15,222 genetically distinct viruses and grouped them into 867 clusters, revealing their role in nature. The study could lead to ways to fine-tune viruses to sink carbon into the deep ocean, a potential strategy for managing climate change.
A recent study found that mixed-severity fires, also known as 'Goldilocks fires,' can increase biodiversity of birds in California forests over time. The research suggests that forest managers should prioritize managing forests to promote a mixture of intensities, resulting in a mosaic of patches with different burn severities.
Starting drinking between eleven and thirteen is associated with increased risk of psychological disorders, including somatization, hostility, and aggression. Women are more vulnerable to anxiety and depression, while men exhibit psychoticism.
Bacterial nitrogenase produces ammonia by combining atmospheric nitrogen with protons and electrons, moving one electron at a time between symmetrical halves. The enzyme's two-stage engine works efficiently through complex communication between the two halves.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania failed to replicate a 2013 study's finding that reading literary fiction improves social abilities. They tested using the original study materials and methodology but found no significant difference between literary and popular fiction.
The University of Copenhagen is receiving $1 million to research manipulating intestinal flora for obesity prevention. The project, PhageGut, aims to use lytic phages to shape the composition of the intestinal flora and prevent obesity.
A new type of bike helmet with an air bag system shows promise in reducing the risk of skull fracture and other brain injuries. The helmet's larger size and cushioning provide added protection, but initial pressure is crucial for optimal performance.
Researchers at Kansas State University developed a promising Zika virus vaccine using DNA technology. The vaccine is safer and more effective against the virus, offering long-term protection at a lower cost.
Researchers found that habitat warming decreases Anomura species diversity in marine environments, while increasing it in freshwater habitats. This suggests a habitat-dependent response to climate change, challenging the universal trend of increased diversity with warming temperatures.
A team of food scientists and microbiologists analyzed microbial populations in kefir using metagenomics, finding correlations between specific bacteria and flavor compounds. The study suggests optimizing production, customizing flavor, and improving health benefits by tweaking the microbial mix.
Scientists have identified new gene families linked to larger neocortex sizes in various mammal species, including humans. The study reveals genes involved in cell signaling and immune response that may contribute to brain development.
A new study by University of Connecticut researchers reveals that larger particles, approximately 2 microns in size, are most effective for delivering cancer drugs to tumor sites. Smaller particles, however, tend to skip through blood cells and reach the target site less frequently.
Astrophysicists propose that inspiraling white dwarfs could produce a type of explosion that matches Type Ia supernovae. The model suggests that resonance in the binary orbit of the stars causes rapid jumps in energy that can lead to detonation.
Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have imaged what may be water vapor plumes erupting off the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa. The observation increases the possibility that missions to Europa may be able to sample its ocean without having to drill through miles of ice.
Researchers from OIST uncovered crucial role of brachyury gene in coral development, suggesting ectodermal origin of mesoderm. Brachyury inhibition resulted in loss of mouth structures in corals, mirroring vertebrate phenotypes.
A recent study reports a surge in jaguar killings in Panama, primarily due to retaliatory attacks by cattle ranchers on the big cats' prey species. The research highlights the urgent need for conservation measures, including education and economic incentives, to protect the endangered jaguar population.
Astronomers captured the best view yet of a breaking apart comet using NASA's Hubble telescope. The images show 25 fragments drifting away from the comet at walking speed, suggesting it may be spinning so fast that material is ejected from its surface.
Researchers found that infants as young as 8 months use the same circuits as adults when learning simple hierarchical rules. Their brains are properly adapted to handle essential elements in their world, suggesting a more mature prefrontal cortex than previously thought.
Two recent studies by MGH psychiatrists improve treatment outcomes for Chinese American immigrants with depression. Culturally sensitive treatment combined with telepsychiatry shows significant improvement in depression symptoms, while stigma can reduce effectiveness. The studies suggest that stigmatizing attitudes may exert an indepen...
Scientists found that queen bees infected with deformed wing virus can transmit the disease through natural mating, leading to colony collapse. The study suggests that a significant portion of failed bee colonies is due to queen failure, highlighting the importance of managing queen health.
University of Iowa researchers develop method to open insects' exoskeletons for studying living cells and organs. The technique allows scientists to access and observe sensory cells and other tissues in tiny, hard-to-reach spots.
Researchers from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev discovered a novel molecular mechanism that could lead to new therapies for ALS. They found that endogenous multifunctional protein macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) acts as a chaperone for misfolded SOD1 proteins, which accumulate and cause cell death in ALS patients.
A new fault has been identified in the Salton Sea area of Southern California, which could impact current seismic hazard models and earthquake risk assessment. The discovery provides much-needed information on the intricate structure of earthquake faults beneath the sea and may offer new insights into the region's earthquake cycle.
A new study found that patient-centered care was associated with improvements in physical and mental quality of life, as well as some aspects of diabetes self-management. However, the study did not show a significant effect on glycemic control.
Hurricane Matthew made landfall in western Haiti on October 4, with NASA tracking its movements and intensity. The storm's maximum sustained winds reached near 145 mph, making it a category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale.
A University of Oklahoma study reveals that widespread collective entrepreneurial optimism predicts new venture startups and small business growth. The research found that media coverage plays a key role in spreading optimistic attitudes, and this effect is more pronounced in turbulent economic environments.
A recent study published in npj Breast Cancer found that postmenopausal breast cancer patients taking tamoxifen have a lower risk of uterine cancer than expected. The study suggests that a normal ultrasound before treatment may provide additional reassurance for women concerned about endometrial side effects.
Research by University of Basel found that older people do not necessarily take fewer risks than younger people, but rather their risk-taking behavior depends on the type and complexity of tasks. The study used both self-report and behavioral measures to investigate age-related changes in risk-taking propensity.
A study suggests that coral reef fish can opt for cooler temperatures instead of adapting to warmer ocean conditions. This could be a survival mechanism to mitigate the impact of global climate change.
A new report published in Blood shows that some people with mildly symptomatic SCD may live long lives with proper management of the disease. Four women with milder forms of SCD surpassed the US median life expectancy, living up to 86 years old.
Scientists discovered large areas of 100% coral cover on Hawaiian mesophotic coral ecosystems, which are home to twice as many unique species as shallow-water reefs. The study highlights the importance of these poorly explored environments in understanding coral reef health and management.
Astronomers have detected a 'hot molecular core,' a cocoon of molecules surrounding a newborn massive star, for the first time outside our Galaxy. This discovery reveals significantly different chemical compositions compared to similar objects in our own Galaxy, suggesting potential difficulties in producing large organic species.
Girls with ADHD are at higher risk for multiple mental disorders, including anxiety (37.7%), depression (10.3%), and oppositional defiant disorder (42%). Effective treatments, such as therapy and positive reinforcement, can help manage symptoms and prevent severe adult impairments.
New research highlights age-specific approaches for caring for older adults with HIV, addressing late diagnoses, differing side effects, and comorbidities. The study offers tools like the VACS Index to guide personalized care.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that individuals tend to gain weight between Thanksgiving and Christmas, with a peak around the New Year. By setting an October weight resolution, individuals can avoid gaining holiday weight altogether, as it may take over 5 months to lose gained pounds.
A CSU-developed air quality sampler, TPS100, will be sent to the International Space Station to collect airborne particles and address astronaut health concerns. The device uses thermophoresis to capture nanoparticles and has been tested in lab settings before its upcoming space mission.
Lignin can be efficiently separated from sawdust using eutectic solvents, retaining its natural chemical structure. This breakthrough enables various industrial applications, including forest, food processing, pharmaceutical and mining industries.
A new study from PETA finds that 63% of US public schools allow students to opt out of animal dissection. Non-animal teaching methods have been shown to teach biology better and save time and money. The study's findings support the growing trend towards compassionate education, backed by the National Science Teachers Association.
J. Michael Kosterlitz, Professor of Physics at Brown University, has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his groundbreaking work on topological phase transitions and exotic states of matter. His discoveries have opened up new avenues for materials science and electronics.
Research finds climate change denial correlates with political orientation, authoritarian attitudes, and a tough-minded personality. Climate change is often framed as a threat to the poor or weak, which may not be convincing for those who prioritize hierarchical power structures.
A new study suggests that intensive treatment of systolic blood pressure to below 120mmHg can reduce mortality by 27%, with an estimated 107,500 deaths prevented per year. However, this approach also carries a significant risk of serious side effects, including low blood pressure episodes and fainting.
A new study found that patients with anxiety, phobias, and fears show greater improvement from therapy scheduled in the morning when cortisol levels are high. Morning sessions help psychotherapy patients overcome panic and anxiety better due to increased cortisol, facilitating fear extinction.
Researchers created a patented vaccine to combat Fusobacterium necrophorum infection, which affects sheep and cattle with liver abscesses and calf diphtheria.
Researchers have engineered a magnetoelectric multiferroic material that combines electrical and magnetic properties at room temperature. This new material could enable devices with lower energy consumption, addressing the growing concern of electronics being the fastest-growing consumer of energy worldwide.
Researchers at MIPT and several universities create technology to determine spatial structure of receptor proteins, crucial for human health. By using sulfur atoms and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography, scientists solve the problem of radiation damage, enabling precise analysis of protein structures with a resolution of 1.9Å.
The new motor uses a precisely machined hollow iron ball to move in any direction using electronic controls, reducing mechanical failures and maintenance. SIMbot can maintain its balance while moving at speeds of up to 1.9 meters per second, making it capable of navigating through doorways and furniture.
Residents of high-unemployment communities showed elevated post-traumatic stress at 25-28 months after Hurricane Sandy, highlighting the need for ongoing support. Ongoing assistance is crucial for disaster-affected economically vulnerable communities years after the disaster.
A new study found that people with a defective gene variant prefer high-fat foods over sugary ones, contributing to weight gain. Researchers tested participants with lean, obese, and MC4R-defective genes, showing a link between genetic variants and food choice.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have discovered that complex oxide materials can form self-organized circuit elements, which could support new computing architectures. This breakthrough enables the creation of multifunctional chips with tailored inputs and outputs for specific applications.
Researchers studied nerve regeneration in roundworms and discovered a signaling pathway that induces nerves to regenerate. This pathway is also involved in clearing dying cells, suggesting a potential target for improving human recovery from nerve injury.
A HKU undergraduate student applied THMOCALC phase-equilibrium modeling technique to determine pressure-temperature conditions of Eastern Hebei mafic granulites. Her research yielded accurate results, reflecting an origin related to underplating of mantle-derived magmas.
Columbia researchers have identified 41 key genes that may contribute to gum disease, offering a promising approach to developing individualized treatments. The study's findings could lead to new compounds that target specific genetic pathways involved in the disease process.
Researchers at HZDR propose a new mechanism linking planetary tidal effects to the Sun's dynamo, which could drive the 11-year solar cycle. The theory suggests that small forces from Venus, Earth, and Jupiter can initiate oscillations in the alpha effect, leading to polarity reversals.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory develop direct-write technology to create nanoscale patterns in metallic ink, allowing for tailored material properties and customized architectures. The technique uses a scanning transmission electron microscope to control the deposition of metal onto a silicon microchip.
Researchers found bumblebees can solve string-pulling task through social learning, with 60% of untrained bees solving it after watching others. The skill continues to spread even after the original string-puller is gone.
Engineering researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a new method for delivering chemotherapy directly and efficiently to individual cells using nanoparticles called 'connectosomes.' This approach has been shown to reduce the dose required to kill cancer cells by up to 10 times, potentially decreasing side effects.
The paper explores various techniques for brain-machine control, including EEGs and near infrared spectroscopy, to facilitate communication and rehabilitation in paralysed patients. Brain-machine assistive interfaces enable patients to communicate or control external devices such as prostheses.
A leading doctor argues that the junior doctors' contract should be discarded and replaced due to a breakdown of trust between government and healthcare staff. The current contract has been criticized for being inefficient and damaging to morale among young doctors.
A new study aims to evaluate treatment strategies for older adults with depression who have not responded to medications. The researchers will compare the effectiveness of switching people to a new medication or augmenting their current medication with a second drug.
Scientists have successfully transferred massive amounts of data from ITER to Japan, paving the way for remote experiments and 'big data' analyses in fusion energy research. The achievement is made possible by a synergetic effect of collaboration between international partners.
A study found that disease-causing gut bacteria, Enteroaggregative E. coli, are prevalent in 14% of children, even in industrialized countries with mild symptoms. The researchers hope to investigate factors contributing to diarrheal disease and explore probiotic agents for maintaining gut balance.
The grant aims to create partnerships in disaster-prone regions to enhance national capacity for children's and families' post-disaster response. It adapts the National Child Traumatic Stress Network model, including a digital application for information sharing after disasters.
Researchers have discovered molecules that prevent free radical production by cells, which are implicated in human diseases and the aging process. The findings offer a precise tool to test the free radical theory of aging and could lead to new therapeutic leads for drugs.
Researchers found that mothers experience a greater 'work' of parenting tasks while fathers enjoy more leisure time with their kids. This imbalance leads to increased stress and fatigue among mothers.
The novel 'Rheo-Raman' microscope allows for interconnected studies of soft materials by correlating their microstructure, composition, and flow behavior. This enables the understanding of how structural make-up dictates macroscopic properties like strength, hardness, or electrical conductivity.
A study from Duke-NUS Medical School found that activity trackers alone or with rewards did not increase physical activity levels. However, those who received cash rewards showed significant increases in activity. The benefits of tracking were short-lived, and participants returned to their previous activity levels after the incentives...
Scientists have discovered how ataluren works to treat genetic disorders by allowing the cell's machinery to 'run' over premature stop signs. The drug inserts amino acids similar to those in non-mutated genes, enabling proteins to function normally.
Researchers found that mice can maintain learning and memory when virtually all ApoE is removed from the brain, as long as it remains present in the liver to filter cholesterol. This study supports the belief that reducing ApoE in the brain could be a viable therapeutic option for treating Alzheimer's.
Women with extremely high breast density are more likely to develop breast cancer, and current mammography technology may miss tumors. Researchers are working to improve breast cancer diagnosis and health outcomes for women through education and better utilization of screening methods.
Researchers at Drexel University have made a breakthrough in the study of how things break, bend and deform. They discovered that layered materials form internal buckles, or ripples, as they deform under stress, dubbed 'ripplocation'. This new paradigm explains non-linear elastic behavior within the constraints of dislocation theory.
Researchers mapped the first active human apoptosome, a wheel-like structure that recruits proteases to dismantle proteins and induce cell death. The study provides insights into how this process is regulated and may lead to treatment options for cancer, AIDS, and neurodegenerative diseases.
A team of researchers has uncovered the detailed structure of a Type IV pilus, revealing how it binds to and disrupts endothelial cell junctions to breach the blood-brain barrier. This discovery could lead to new ways of treating meningococcal infection and potentially even therapies that deliberately open the blood-brain barrier.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute are exploring the applications of 'click chemistry' for cancer research and polymer development. A new four-year project aims to understand the role of fucosylated sugar molecules in cancer, while another project seeks to create new clicked polymers with improved properties.
The University of Pennsylvania has been awarded a $24 million grant to establish a Science and Technology Center focused on engineering mechanobiology. This research will provide insights into embryonic development, stem-cell differentiation, cancer metastasis, and other clinically relevant topics.
Researchers developed an objective test to diagnose mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) using the I-Portal goggle, achieving 95% specificity and 89% sensitivity. This technology has the potential to revolutionize concussion diagnosis and treatment in sports, leading to better outcomes for athletes.
A systematic review of 10 international studies suggests that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may be an effective diagnostic tool for identifying and predicting the likelihood of post-concussion syndrome (PCS). DTI scans can detect micro abnormalities in the brain not picked up by routine imaging methods, potentially leading to earlier ...
Researchers identify peptide allatostatin A in Drosophila that regulates feeding behavior and promotes sleep, with effects comparable to human galanin receptor. The study provides insights into the complex interactions of hunger, sleep and digestion.
A new measurement tool, developed by York University researchers, measures the spreading of liquid drops on surfaces. The study suggests that an advanced swimsuit could reduce fluid resistance underwater, potentially helping athletes achieve better times.
Researchers created simple microswimmers with a phototaxis system, enabling them to move towards darker areas. By using a laser-generated light field with saw-tooth profiles, the microswimmers can be steered reliably over long distances.
A new study compares Botox to sacral neuromodulation as treatments for urge incontinence, finding that Botox provides more daily relief but may be associated with more adverse events. The study analyzed data from 381 women and found a significant reduction in symptoms with botulinum toxin.
The UK government is investing £17.7 million in four new healthcare technology research programmes to tackle the growing need for treatments of diabetes, dementia, and cancer. The programmes will develop innovative solutions for wound care, neural rehabilitation, cell therapeutics, and immunotherapeutics.
Researchers found significant links between hyperactivity, lower blood phospholipid levels, and a negative correlation with tryptophan metabolites in hyperactive dogs. This study suggests that intestinal health impacts canine behavior and provides new clues for studying behavioral disorders.
Researchers found that vitamin D influences inflammatory signals controlling blood stem cell formation and multiplication. Vitamin D exposure led to an increase in blood stem cells, while deficiency resulted in fewer cells being formed.
Patients with septic shock who experience bradycardia (lower heart rate) have a 21% lower mortality rate compared to those without. A 13% decrease in mortality risk was observed among patients with average lower heart rates below 80 beats per minute.
Researchers discovered that ultra-relativistic electrons are scattered into the atmosphere by electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves, while relativistic particles remain intact. This finding resolves a long-standing debate on electron loss mechanisms in the Van Allen Radiation Belts.
Researchers at Rice University have found a new, wavy two-dimensional material called borophene that could be ideal for creating flexible electronic devices. The material has excellent conductivity and can stretch without losing its electronic properties.
Extending cervical screening intervals for HPV negative women aged 40+ is safe due to low risk of CIN3+, but not recommended for those testing positive for HPV. Tailoring screening to individual risks using HPV test results and age may improve efficiency and optimal prevention.
Researchers at HZB and Marburg developed an expert system that identifies small molecule fragments bound to proteins in raw X-ray diffraction data. The system has been successfully tested on 364 samples, revealing additional candidates for drug development.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that nearly 25% of low-income adults in three US states switched their health coverage within the previous 12 months, resulting in significant negative effects on healthcare, including frequent gaps in insurance, skipped medications, and low-quality care.
A comprehensive study of Hawaii's mesophotic coral ecosystems has documented vast areas of 100% coral cover and extensive algal communities at depths of 50-90 meters. The findings reveal unique species not found on shallow reefs, with significant implications for conservation.
A new device can rapidly identify harmful bacteria and determine its susceptibility to antibiotics in a matter of minutes. The device uses nano-scale technology to detect bacteria in extremely small fluid samples, offering a potential solution to the growing problem of drug-resistant strains.
A new rare ant species, Lenomyrmex hoelldobleri, has been discovered in the stomach of a Little Devil poison frog in Ecuador. The ant is the seventh known species in its rarely collected Neotropical genus and features a slender elongate mouthpart.
A new study by USC scientists has mapped the electric current induced by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the human brain. The research provides solid data to develop science-based treatments for neurological and psychiatric disorders, including depression and chronic pain.
Researchers developed a transparent metal electrode with improved efficiency, using fractal-like nano-features inspired by leaf veins. The new design combines low surface coverage and ultra-low resistance, surpassing conventional indium tin oxide layers.
Scientists have discovered that certain plants resistant to a hormone called abscisic acid (ABA) can grow better than normal neighbors during droughts. ABA-resistant varieties may hold the key to breeding 'stay green' traits in crops, which could help them retain their leaves and continue to produce food and other essential resources.
A study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers analyzed Hillary Clinton's two political memoirs, revealing links to her public perception problems. The analysis found that Clinton's writing styles were influenced by the 'double bind' women face in politics, with a tendency to be pragmatic and avoid personal revelations.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a micro-sized device that can detect the IDH1-R132H mutation in glioma tumors, enabling real-time identification of tumor margins during surgery. The device takes less than 15 minutes to produce results and requires only small sample sizes.
Researchers at Marshall University have discovered a peptide, pNaKtide, that can reduce oxidant stress and ameliorate experimental uremic cardiomyopathy. This finding has significant implications for treating patients with kidney disease, which affects millions of people worldwide.
A new imaging technique enables researchers to visualize chromatin's dynamic processes in live cells, revealing its organization and response to stimuli. This breakthrough offers insights into the complex relationship between chromatin and gene expression, with potential implications for understanding cancer development.
Researchers found that environmental factors like plant cover and floral density determine common urban butterfly species, while spatial properties influence rare species. Urban park design can encourage or discourage certain species, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of surrounding landscape and disturbance features.
A large-scale study by Duke University researchers found that India's World Health Partners (WHP) Sky program had no impact on improving healthcare for children with diarrhea and pneumonia. Despite its $23 million funding, the program failed to increase access to proper treatment or change healthcare utilization patterns.
The University of Missouri has received a significant grant from the NIH to develop new hepatitis B treatments. Researchers will focus on targeting the viral capsid, which is crucial for HBV's lifecycle and stability. The goal is to create therapeutic strategies that not only suppress the virus but also have the potential to eradicate it.
Researchers found that glial cells, including astrocytes, are impaired by the genetic defect and involved in symptoms of fragile X syndrome. The study suggests looking beyond neuronal effects to fully understand the disease.
Researchers at Rochester Institute of Technology are studying the long-term impact of pre-college computing activities on K-12 students. They aim to identify effective practices for engaging diverse groups, particularly underrepresented ones, to pursue careers in technology.
Scientists have developed a glucose-sensing contact lens that utilizes surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy to detect glucose levels in tears. The device, built from multiple layers of gold nanowires, enhances the sensing properties by creating hot spots within the nanostructure.
A quantitative model considers different rates of sea-level rise and economic factors to show optimal adaptation strategies. Researchers found that a buffer zone along the shoreline might make more sense if the sea level is going to rise quickly, but building near the coast could be suitable if buildings don't last very long.
A new method of evaluation, using the cephalic width-intercoronal distance ratio, has been recommended to help determine when surgical intervention is needed for infants with fused cranial sutures. This measurement indicates a potential need for surgery in cases where the front and back of the skull are not proportionate.
Researchers used unmanned aircraft to measure turbulent kinetic energy, aerosol particle concentration, and temperature fluctuations near the Earth's surface. The study found that black carbon aerosols suppress turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer, exacerbating human health impacts and extreme weather events.
A Swedish participant with a permanent sensory connection between his prosthesis and nervous system is competing in the Cybathlon, a new international competition showcasing advanced robotic prostheses. The event aims to drive forward prosthetic technology development, promoting dialogue between academia and industry.
Researchers have identified a strategy to selectively sensitize certain cancer cells to radiation therapy using antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), which could improve tumor control and reduce treatment-related side effects in HER2-positive tumors. The study shows promise in sensitizing these cancers to radiation and chemotherapy.
Nair's work aims to treat inborn errors of metabolism using naturally occurring safe gut bacteria. He seeks new treatment options for congenital orphan diseases caused by improper food metabolism.
Research shows that trained nurses can significantly increase quit rates among hospital patients. The study found that patients who received coaching from a nurse had higher self-reported and lab-confirmed quit rates compared to those who did not receive similar training.
Researchers at OIST have made significant breakthroughs in perovskite solar cells, improving efficiency, stability, and scalability. New post-annealing treatments and manufacturing methods have increased conversion efficiency to 18.4%, while discovering new decomposition products has led to the development of more stable materials.
A team of mathematicians, physicists, and engineers tackled a famous 50-year-old problem tied to solitary waves. They developed a mathematical approach that produces an approximate solution to the Korteweg-de Vries equation, enabling researchers to make explicit predictions about soliton formation and properties.
The University of Texas at Arlington's CLEAR lab will continue to research air and water quality monitoring studies and develop effective corrective strategies to limit negative ecological impacts. A partnership with Earth Day Texas will host a conference on responsible shale energy extraction.
A comprehensive set of reference values for handgrip strength is provided, enabling practitioners to identify individuals at risk of premature death and disease. The study builds on previous research, showing that handgrip strength corresponds with markers of age, such as mortality, disability, and cognitive decline.
A genetic study has pinpointed a gene variant associated with childhood ear infections, providing an early clue for developing more effective treatments. Researchers found that children with the variant are more susceptible to acute otitis media (AOM), a painful condition requiring antibiotics.
Researchers found that providing tips and personalized feedback was just as effective as access to online social networking sites in promoting physical activity. Interventions were most effective among participants with low initial physical activity levels, suggesting a need for stronger reinforcers to motivate population-wide changes.
Researchers have discovered a fluid behaving like water when trapped in a nanocage of a porous solid, offering new insights into nanoscale behavior. This breakthrough may lead to the design of machines with specific functions, including medical applications and molecular electronics.
Scientists from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a highly accurate DNA-based method to detect and distinguish sources of microbial contamination in water. The new method, using the award-winning PhyloChip, was found to be more sensitive than conventional methods at assessing health risks.
The stability of qubits can be maintained 100 times more effectively in silicon than in gallium arsenide, allowing for longer coherence times and improved gate fidelity. Researchers are now focused on scaling up the qubits for use in circuits of multiple interplaying qubits.
New research challenges the use of ice baths after exercise, suggesting they may not reduce inflammation in muscles. The study found no significant benefit from cold water immersion on muscle inflammation compared to active recovery.
Researchers at the University of Bradford have discovered a way to prevent chemotherapy resistance in lung cancer by blocking a protein called Ran-GTP. Suppressing this protein also causes cancer cells resistant to gefitinib to become re-sensitized, offering new hope for treatment.
Researchers found Zika virus does not multiply in Culex mosquitoes, disappearing instead, enabling targeted control strategies. The study's findings are crucial for controlling Zika in Florida and preventing its spread.
A new report by IUCN highlights the impact of rising ocean temperatures on human health, with spreading marine-related tropical diseases and harmful algal blooms. The study found that Vibrio vulnifucus bacteria has been linked to outbreaks in previously unaffected regions, posing a significant threat to public health.
Tropical Storm Nicole has formed about 500 miles northeast of Puerto Rico, with a well-defined circulation and maximum sustained winds near 50 mph. The storm is expected to move northwest at 8 mph, then turn north-northwest with decreasing speed over the next couple of days.
Researchers identified individual strategies like mindfulness training and organizational changes such as limiting duty hours, which are effective in reducing physician burnout. The study's findings suggest that a combination of interventions may be needed for long-term benefits.
Researchers at the Universities of Dundee and Strathclyde have identified a mechanism that allows neurons to protect against spreading brain damage. The discovery, published in Scientific Reports, suggests that stimulating this network activity could limit major brain damage and shorten recovery periods.
A study by mathematicians at the University of Strathclyde found that intense Atlantic storms coincide with high spring tides to cause devastating flooding in the Firth of Clyde. The research used a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to simulate sea-level surges during storms, revealing the highest risk of flooding occurs when storms...
A recent archaeological analysis has found that early settlers of Tonga and Vanuatu originated from Melanesia, challenging the long-held assumption about the colonization of the region. The research team's findings point to a previously unknown migration wave from the Solomon Islands chain.
Fruit fly research sheds light on human diabetes, revealing insulin signaling mechanisms and potential new treatments for the disease. The study's findings have implications for understanding and addressing type 2 diabetes.
Americans have divided views on climate change causes, cures, and scientist trust; liberal Democrats generally support science role in policy. Moderate views exist on individual actions to reduce climate change.
Leading health professionals call for drastic reductions in CO2 and short-lived climate pollutants to stabilize the climate and reduce major health threats. Reducing these pollutants can prevent up to 2.4 million premature deaths annually, they argue.
Scientists at UFZ have created a detailed energy-transition map of Germany, highlighting regional differences in renewable energy production. The map shows that coastal areas are leaders in wind and solar farms, while cities like Berlin struggle to keep up with their consumption.
A staggering proportion of children under five may not reach their developmental potential due to poverty and chronic undernutrition. Research highlights the critical role of early childhood development in shaping future health, economic, and social outcomes.
Researchers found that sleep deprivation in children increases deep sleep in the parietal and occipital lobes, which are involved in spatial perception and processing multi-sensorial input. The level of myelin content in these brain regions is associated with the deep-sleep effect.
Researchers at Penn State and EPFL developed an AI model to recognize specific plant diseases from images, achieving an accuracy rate of 99.35% in a public dataset. The technology has great potential for supplementing existing disease diagnosis methods and could be implemented on smartphones, especially in developing countries.
A new study identifies a previously unknown 'off-switch' for cancer based on the protein TMX1, which can slow down tumor growth and promote resistance to cell death mechanisms. This breakthrough offers hope for developing new therapeutic approaches and improving chemotherapy efficiency.
Researchers found a connection between unusually warm ocean conditions and the magnitude of the toxic bloom, which resulted in the highest levels of domoic acid contamination. The study identified a single species of diatom as the dominant cause of the bloom, leading to widespread ecosystem damage.
A randomized trial found that using an activity tracker did not increase physical activity enough to benefit health, even with financial incentives. Despite initial increases in exercise levels, participants stopped using the devices once incentives were removed.
The National Science Foundation is funding a project to develop non-destructive analysis of plant leaves in breeding lines, enabling rapid screening of breeding materials. The goal is to produce higher-indicin yielding breeders seed stock, increasing the cost-competitiveness of plant-derived indigo dye.