Articles tagged with Vaccination
A new mathematical model suggests that easing lockdown must be accompanied by wider and more effective use of control measures like facemasks to suppress COVID-19. The model shows that non-spatial control measures can limit virus particle spread between people.
Researchers found that CD8+ T cells in recovered COVID-19 patients can recognize virtually all mutations in recent SARS-CoV-2 variants, offering protection against emerging strains. This suggests that vaccination may still be effective against new variants, and booster vaccinations may be needed to maintain immunity.
The UCLA-led PREVENT project will enroll 10,000 health care personnel at 16 medical centers to study the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among vaccinated and non-vaccinated workers. The results will help determine how effective vaccines are at preventing infection.
Researchers found a correlation between Henry Ford's universal mask policy and a significant drop in the rate of healthcare workers testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. The study suggests that mask-wearing is effective in reducing the risk of acquiring COVID-19, supporting the institution's decision to implement the policy.
A large study found that COVID vaccines produce high levels of antibodies in pregnant women, which can be passed to newborns through breastmilk and the placenta. The study also showed that lactating women receive a similar immune response, providing benefits for both mothers and infants.
A recent study found that about half of Americans intend to get vaccinated as soon as possible, while others are hesitant or unlikely to get vaccinated. The survey highlights the need for targeted outreach to address vaccine hesitancy and build trust with communities, particularly among African American and Hispanic respondents.
A study by the University of Birmingham suggests that prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination for surgical patients can prevent thousands of post-operative deaths. Vaccination is estimated to reduce COVID-19-related deaths among high-risk patients, such as those undergoing cancer surgery.
A study by researchers at the Annenberg Public Policy Center found that news coverage of expert scientific evidence on vaccine safety increases public acceptance of vaccines. In contrast, personal narratives about real side effects diminish the positive effect of such messages. The experiment tested six video clips featuring experts an...
A survey of Geisinger employees showed increasing acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines after vaccine availability announcements, public events, and news coverage. 55.3% of employees indicated they intended to receive a vaccine, with most citing safety concerns as the main reason for hesitation.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Medicine has found that COVID-19 vaccines may not produce sufficient antibody response in people who have received solid organ transplants and are immunocompromised. Only 17% of participants developed detectable antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus after receiving their first dose of the vaccine.
A recent study of vaccinated healthcare workers found a low overall positivity rate among fully immunized individuals, supporting high protection rates of COVID-19 vaccines. However, the authors noted an elevated risk of infection after vaccination, possibly due to differences in demographics and behaviors.
A survey of healthcare workers in a health system assessed their intentions to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and explored reasons for hesitancy. The study found that many workers were hesitant due to concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy, as well as perceived risks to vulnerable populations.
Vaccinating healthcare workers reduced positive COVID-19 cases by over 90%, with infection rates lowest among fully vaccinated employees, according to data from UT Southwestern Medical Center. The institution saw a significant reduction in required isolations and quarantines.
A partnership between Loma Linda University and local churches has successfully vaccinated over 400 people in the predominantly Black community of San Bernardino County. The initiative, which included mobile vaccine clinics in church parking lots, resulted in an increase of 3.6% in Black attendance at mass vaccination clinics.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University found the Pfizer vaccine to be moderately less effective against the South African variant, while still providing protection against the British variant and the original strain. The study was published in Cell Host and Microbe and suggests that future variants may require a modified vaccine.
A study by McGill University researchers found that delaying second COVID-19 vaccine doses can have benefits, but effects depend on population immunity. Increasing vaccination rates or changing dosing regimes can mitigate longer-term epidemiological effects.
A University of New Mexico study analyzed data from four US cities and found that as vaccination rates increase, it becomes economically advantageous to relax social distancing measures and open businesses. The study suggests a gradual relaxation of restrictions can minimize economic costs while reducing public health risks.
The AstraZeneca vaccine demonstrated high vaccine efficacy of 78.9% against symptomatic COVID-19 disease, including severe disease or hospitalization. The vaccine also showed no increased risk of thrombotic events or cerebral venous sinus thrombosis among vaccinated participants.
A new study found that people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with infliximab are less likely to develop antibodies after COVID-19 infection, which may boost susceptibility to reinfection. The study suggests that careful monitoring is needed to ensure patients mount a strong enough antibody response.
Researchers found that nudges can reduce socioeconomic disparities by facilitating selection of welfare-enhancing options, particularly for low-SES consumers. The study generalized its findings across multiple types of nudges and decision contexts.
Scientists have discovered a lesser-known site on the pandemic coronavirus that is recognized by COVID-19 infection-fighting antibodies, which potently prevent the virus from infecting cells. These antibodies were found in blood samples from previously infected patients and were as strong as those targeting the receptor-binding domain.
A modelling study suggests that vaccination alone may not prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection in the UK, even with high vaccine uptake and gradual reopening. Gradual easing of measures and high vaccine protection can minimize future waves of infection.
A study led by McMaster University aims to understand how well vaccination works in residents of long-term care homes and identify factors linked to outbreaks. The research, involving over 2,000 participants, will inform health policy and help keep residents safe and healthy.
Asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic transmission poses a significant challenge in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Experts warn that relying solely on vaccination is unlikely to be effective in preventing transmission, highlighting the need for robust surveillance measures.
The study found that SARS-CoV-2 underwent little significant genetic change in the first year of the pandemic, suggesting a 'generalist' nature and rapid transmission. This is attributed to human population immunity and lack of containment, allowing the virus to spread quickly.
Researchers found that neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 vaccines are less effective against new variants, including those from South Africa and Brazil. The study suggests that mutations in the spike protein may contribute to the variants' resistance.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that HPV vaccination for men and women over 26 years has limited health benefits and is not cost-effective. The study used two mathematical models to simulate HPV infection and cervical cancer, as well as six non-cervical HPV-related cancers and genital warts.
A phase 1 study found that a single dose of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine induced both antibody and cellular immune responses. The vaccine is currently being tested in two phase 3 clinical trials to determine its efficacy against COVID-19.
A new study identifies specific job categories that put workers at risk due to close contact with others. Black workers are especially overrepresented in indoor jobs, while Hispanic workers are overrepresented in outdoor high-proximity jobs.
A Mayo Clinic study found that vaccinated patients without symptoms had an 80% lower adjusted risk of testing positive for COVID-19 after their last dose. The Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna messenger RNA vaccines showed efficacy in limiting the spread of COVID-19 among asymptomatic individuals.
Researchers at Mount Sinai found that a single shot of COVID-19 vaccine can provide immunity to individuals who have previously been infected by the virus. This could help stretch limited vaccine supplies and spare individuals from unnecessary side effects of a second dose.
Early commercial batches of Pfizer-BioNTech's COVID-19 vaccine had lower than expected levels of intact mRNA molecules, a finding that raised concerns about the manufacturing process and its impact on vaccine potency. Regulators like the EMA and FDA are unsure of the implications for safety and efficacy.
A new study by Norwegian University of Science and Technology highlights how new technologies can exacerbate existing social health inequalities. Research shows that people with lower education and income have poorer health outcomes, and that wealthier individuals may buy their way to access to life-saving vaccines.
A Princeton University and McGill University study found that delaying second COVID-19 vaccine doses reduces case numbers in the short term. However, longer-term case burden and potential viral escape from immunity may depend on the strength and duration of immune responses generated by natural infections or one to two vaccine doses.
A study using real-world data from employees at Mass General Brigham found that the incidence of anaphylaxis was higher than CDC estimates, but still extremely low. The majority of cases recovered without serious complications.
A new modeling study examines the impact of one versus two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine on infections and immune escape. The study finds that while one-dose strategies may reduce short-term infections, weak immunity could lead to long-term virus replication and mutation.
A new poll by Michigan Medicine shows a significant increase in COVID-19 vaccination enthusiasm among older adults with high risk of severe illness. By late January, 71% of people aged 50-70 were ready to get vaccinated, up from 58%, while those in fair or poor health saw an 11-point jump in likelihood.
A recent study predicts that COVID-19 variants from the UK and South Africa may reduce vaccine effectiveness and increase the likelihood of reinfections. The study found that antibodies from Moderna and Pfizer vaccines were less effective against these variants, causing a reduction in protective efficacy.
A survey of over 8,000 nursing home and assisted living staff in Indiana found that 45% would take a vaccine as soon as it was available, while an additional 24% said they would take it at some point in the future. Concerns about side effects, health risks, and effectiveness were common reasons for not wanting to receive the vaccine.
A new study examined COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among a large national sample of sexual and gender minority men and transgender women, finding that medical mistrust, social concern, and race were significantly associated with decreased vaccine acceptance. Healthcare provider recommendations and altruistic attitudes were found to be po...
The article proposes reserving Johnson & Johnson vaccines for younger, healthier populations and boosting them with mRNA vaccinations for better efficacy. Boosting people with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection also enhances their immune response.
Delayed injection-site reactions can occur in some patients who received the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine, researchers say. Most symptoms clear up after a week, and completion of the second dose should not be discouraged.
A new study finds that the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant in the UK is more transmissible than existing variants, leading to predictions of large COVID-19 resurgences if left uncontrolled. The analysis suggests a higher reproduction number and increased disease severity for the variant.
A $3.5 million study led by uOttawa and Bruyère Research Institute aims to understand how various immunity factors react to COVID-19 and vaccines in long-term care residents. The team will analyze blood samples from over 3,500 residents and 2,500 workers across Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia.
Swollen lymph nodes after COVID-19 vaccination can be managed with proper documentation and follow-up care. Imaging centers should document vaccination information to avoid unnecessary biopsies.
A survey of 18,000 women in 16 countries found that 69% would receive a COVID-19 vaccine for themselves and vaccinate their children. Vaccine acceptance varied by country, with lower rates in the US and Russia.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed a new vaccination strategy to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs). In tests in mice, the vaccine administered directly to the bladder effectively cleared bacteria. The study suggests that reprogramming the body's immune response could be key to fighting off UTIs.
Researchers suggest three ways to improve COVID-19 vaccine distribution, prioritizing global health impact and addressing health disparities. By focusing on both direct and indirect health effects, countries can assist each other in vaccine production, distribution, and consumption.
Researchers propose using human rights principles to allocate COVID-19 vaccines, considering social vulnerability alongside medical risk. An intersectional approach would prioritize those with overlapping vulnerabilities, such as age and economic status.
A large-scale peer-reviewed study by the Clalit Research Institute found that the Pfizer vaccine reduces the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 by 94% and severe disease by 92% in fully vaccinated individuals. The study also showed substantial vaccine effectiveness even before completing two doses.
Expanding vaccine capacity can accelerate completion of widespread immunization and generate substantial global benefits. Investing in additional capacity could save hundreds of dollars per course, dwarfing current prices of $6 to $40.
Researchers at California Institute of Technology have discovered how antibodies recognize and block the Zika virus. The study found that antibodies produced in response to Zika virus are effective against other flaviviruses like dengue type 1, but less effective against West Nile and other types of dengue.
A new study published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface suggests that reducing individual activity through social distancing is far superior in controlling the dissemination of Sars-CoV-2. The research found that limiting personal mobility through travel restrictions and similar tactics is effective only in the first phases...
Researchers identified 23 cases of axillary adenopathy after COVID-19 vaccination, with 13% being symptomatic. The study highlights the importance of considering vaccination date and laterality in assessing imaging-detected axillary adenopathy.
Radiologists at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed an approach to manage swollen lymph nodes on mammograms in women who have recently received COVID-19 vaccinations. The approach aims to reduce delays in vaccinations and breast cancer diagnoses while reassuring patients that the swelling is a normal response to vaccination.
As of mid-January, over 60% of long-term care facility residents and staff received their first COVID-19 vaccine dose through the CDC's public-private partnership with CVS, Walgreens, and Managed Health Care Associates. The study highlights a significant increase in vaccination rates among vulnerable populations.
A new study found adults with Down syndrome are roughly three times more likely to die from COVID-19 than the general population. The study's results have implications for preventive and clinical management of COVID-19 patients with Down syndrome, highlighting the need to prioritize individuals with this genetic condition for vaccination.
A new report highlights disparities in vaccine clinical trials, showing that certain racial/ethnic groups and older people are not adequately represented. The study emphasizes the need for increased diversity and inclusion to ensure equitable representation of all populations, particularly those disproportionately affected by COVID-19.
Researchers examined U.S.-based vaccine clinical trials from 2011 to 2020, finding they were underrepresented by racial/ethnic minorities, females, and older adults. The study aimed to address these disparities and improve vaccine inclusion.
The article reviews immunogenicity profiles of prominent SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in non-human primates and humans. Notably, Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines have been authorized for use by the FDA following successful human clinical trials.