Research on vaccines and immunization. Covers COVID and flu vaccines, outbreak response, long-lasting antibodies, and vaccination in vulnerable groups.
A new study of adolescent girls found that HPV vaccination was not associated with an increase in sexually transmitted infections (STIs), contrary to previous concerns. The study included over 21,000 vaccinated females and 186,500 non-vaccinated females, finding no evidence that HPV vaccination leads to higher rates of STIs.
A study by Washington State University researchers found that online comments from unknown experts can be more persuasive than public service announcements. Participants were equally influenced by pro-vaccination and anti-vaccination comments, regardless of the commenter's expertise.
The Liberia-NIH partnership is conducting a Phase 2/3 study to test the safety and efficacy of two experimental vaccines against Ebola virus infection. The trial will enroll approximately 27,000 healthy adults and those at high risk of infection, and will provide crucial information on potential countermeasures for future outbreaks.
A study found that an oral supplement containing arginine, zinc, and antioxidants improves healing of mild to severe pressure ulcers in malnourished patients. Meanwhile, a survey suggests that pain and other alarming symptoms in the last year of life have increased from 1998 to 2010. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's ACI...
A study by Ohio State University suggests that confidence in government is a key factor in public willingness to vaccinate. People with high trust in the government were more likely to take the swine flu vaccine, while those with low trust had lower vaccination rates. The research also found that individuals who watched more news and h...
The GSK/NIH Ebola vaccine candidate has shown a well-tolerated safety profile and generated an immune response in healthy volunteers. Larger trials are necessary to assess whether the immune responses offer protection against Ebola infection and disease.
A new study found that infants show specific brain activity patterns when receiving vaccinations, which may help develop improved vaccination techniques and pain-relieving treatments. The researchers used EEG measurements to identify these patterns, which appeared earlier in younger infants and were more consistent in older children.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have successfully tested a new treatment on mice that cures the disease even after the virus has spread to the brain. The new vaccine rescues mice much longer after infection than what was traditionally thought possible, with 50% of treated mice saved even after physical symptoms appear.
A new study by Kansas State University veterinary diagnosticians found that a rabies booster can protect pets with out-of-date vaccinations from developing the fatal disease. The finding gives pet owners and veterinarians new options when faced with quarantining or euthanizing a pet exposed to the rabies virus.
Scientists develop a new approach to combat cocaine addiction by using a modified bacterial protein to trigger an immune system response. The strategy has shown promise in animal studies, offering hope for the creation of effective vaccines against drug abuse.
Only about half of teenage girls receive the HPV vaccine at the recommended age of 11-12, leaving them unprotected against cervical cancer and genital warts. Researchers found that rates of HPV infection increase significantly among young people between 14-24, emphasizing the importance of early vaccination.
A 30-year study found that neonatal HBV vaccination significantly reduced the risk of primary liver cancer and other liver diseases in young adults. The study's results show that vaccination led to a 84% reduction in liver cancer incidence, highlighting the importance of early intervention.
A Phase 1B clinical trial in Uganda found the experimental vaccines safe and induced immune responses in healthy volunteers. The results are encouraging, as similar immune responses were observed compared to a previous US trial.
A study led by Dr Yaohe Wang at Barts Cancer Institute found that arming a modified virus called Vaccinia with a specific gene enhanced its effectiveness against pancreatic cancer. In mice, the armed virus was more effective in killing tumors and preventing regrowth compared to an unarmed version.
A phase 1 trial confirms two experimental Ebola DNA vaccines are safe and stimulate a similar immune response in Ugandan adults as reported in US adults earlier this year. The vaccines generated neutralizing antibodies and T-cells against the virus proteins, providing comparable safety and immune response.
Researchers have successfully developed an oral vaccine delivery system using Streptococcus mitis to induce mucosal immune responses in the mouth and beyond. This innovative approach has potential to protect against diseases such as tuberculosis, AIDS, and intestinal infections, making it a promising tool for global health threats.
Researchers have developed injectable 3D vaccines using programmable biomaterials that can induce an immune response to fight cancer and infectious diseases like HIV. The vaccines recruit dendritic cells, which then trigger an immune response to attack harmful cells.
A recent study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal has found that HPV vaccination does not lead to increased risky sexual behavior in young girls. The study followed 260,493 girls and found no significant increase in pregnancies or sexually transmitted infections among those who received the vaccine.
A new breast cancer vaccine developed at Washington University School of Medicine has shown safety and preliminary evidence of biological efficacy in patients with metastatic breast cancer. The vaccine targets a protein called mammaglobin-A, found almost exclusively in breast tissue, and primes the immune system to attack tumor cells, ...
The NIAID/GSK Ebola vaccine candidate was well-tolerated and produced immune system responses in all 20 healthy adults who received it. The vaccine induced a T-cell response, including CD8 T cells, which may play an important role in immune protection against Ebola viruses.
A new powdered measles vaccine has been found safe and effective in early human testing, with no clinically relevant side effects reported. The dry powder vaccine was delivered through a puff of air and showed promise as an alternative to traditional injectable vaccines.
A new study found that a provider-focused intervention improved Human Papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination rates by 10 times for boys and nearly twice as much for girls. The multi-component Performance Improvement Continuing Medical Education (PI CME) intervention was linked to sustained improvements in HPV vaccination rates.
Researchers have discovered that the yellow fever virus replicates primarily in the liver, causing significant damage to liver cells. A new clinical parameter has been identified, which could help manage cases of yellow fever, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers analyzed vaccine failures and found that leaky vaccines lead to higher infection rates in the long run. The study also showed that all-or-nothing and waning vaccines have distinct dynamics following mass vaccination, providing an alternative explanation for disease resurgence.
Researchers have determined that the yellow fever virus replicates primarily in the liver, causing significant damage to liver cells. This knowledge could help identify an earlier clinical outcome measure of disease severity, enabling doctors to provide more aggressive supportive care for patients.
Researchers created a 24-atom protein assembly that self-assembles into a porous molecular cube. This breakthrough could lead to the development of synthetic vaccines and targeted medicine delivery inside human cells. The discovery was made by UCLA biochemists led by Todd Yeates.
A national poll reveals that most parents want strong policies to ensure children in daycare are up-to-date on vaccines. In response to a scenario where 1 in 4 children were not vaccinated, 74% of parents would consider removing their child from the daycare.
A study of over 26,000 women found that Tdap vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery or small-for-gestational-age birth. However, a higher risk of chorioamnionitis was observed among vaccinated women.
A new pneumonia vaccine has led to a 27% decline in hospital admissions among children under 2 in Tennessee, with an overall 72% reduction since introduction of the first vaccine in 2000. The success of pneumococcal vaccines challenges common assumptions about antibiotic treatments for childhood pneumonia.
A new University of Michigan analysis reveals that less than half of Michigan birthing hospitals provide prevention information on their websites about Tdap vaccination and whooping cough. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends Tdap vaccination during pregnancy to protect newborns from this potentially deadly disease.
A nasal vaccine in development has been shown to provide long-term protection for non-human primates against the deadly Ebola virus. The vaccine platform has significant global implications in controlling future outbreaks, which could have a fatality rate as low as 25-90%.
A non-injectable vaccine has been shown to provide long-term protection for non-human primates against the Ebola virus. The breathable vaccine overcomes logistical obstacles of storing and administering injectable vaccines in affected areas.
Researchers highlight gaps in vaccination due to skepticism about childhood vaccines and international travel bringing measles into the country. Experts call for accessible vaccination and research on addressing public concerns about vaccine safety.
The International Union of Immunology Societies is urging urgent funding and implementation of Ebola vaccine trials. Several promising vaccine candidates, including Cad3 Ebola and rVSV-ΔG-ZEBOV, are being tested in phase 1 clinical trials, showing safe and efficient results in non-human primates.
A new vaccine is being developed to help smokers quit by blocking the physiological pleasure that nicotine elicits in the brain. The vaccine uses biodegradable nanoparticles to prevent nicotine molecules from entering the brain, reducing cravings and addiction.
The NIH is conducting an early phase trial to evaluate the VSV-ZEBOV vaccine candidate, which was developed by researchers at Canada's National Microbiology Lab. The trial will enroll 39 healthy adults aged 18-65 and assess the vaccine's safety and ability to generate an immune response.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology found no long-term link between vaccine administration and the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) or other central nervous system demyelinating syndromes. However, a short-term increased risk was observed in younger patients, which may be attributed to existing disease.
A growing body of evidence links metal fumes to a heightened risk of bacterial lobar pneumonia in welders. New data shows welders are more than 3.5 times as likely to die from pneumococcal pneumonia compared to other workers.
Researchers discovered a paradoxical immune protein that both helps and hinders the immune system response, leading to increased susceptibility to rare bacterial infections and predisposition to autoimmune diseases. The protein ISG15 plays a crucial role in resolving inflammation and preventing autoinflammatory disorders.
Researchers developed stealthy nanoparticles that successfully deliver cancer vaccines to a subset of macrophages deep inside lymph nodes, hindering tumor growth. The nanoparticles bypass circulating immune cells and enter the lymph nodes' core, where they are engulfed by special kind of macrophage.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are working on two projects to deliver protection from aggressive breast cancer and deadly heart attacks using plant viruses. The first project aims to create a vaccine that tricks the immune system into attacking HER2 proteins, while the second project targets blood clots by delivering cl...
Researchers are developing a fingerprint-based recognition method to track vaccination schedules for infants and toddlers, increasing immunization coverage in developing countries. Fingerprints can accurately record immunizations, overcoming issues with lost or destroyed paper documents.
A mass dog vaccination program can stop agonizing rabies deaths worldwide by targeting the virus's primary source: dogs. By vaccinating 70% of dogs in high-risk areas, transmission from dogs to humans can be broken, leading to a significant decline in human cases.
Researchers found Streptococcus pneumoniae physically damages the heart, leaving tiny lesions that can permanently scar the myocardium. A candidate vaccine has been developed to protect against this damage.
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect 14-15% of cases in Bolivia, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, despite the countries' small population. The US could work with these countries to implement disease control programs and develop lifesaving vaccines through joint efforts.
Grand Challenges Canada announces $2.4 million in grants for 22 innovative projects addressing maternal, newborn and child health globally. These projects include programs improving infant nutrition, malaria diagnosis, and vaccine storage, as well as initiatives to combat iron deficiency and improve access to healthcare.
Researchers have identified a better measure of predicting cancer neoepitopes, which are specific protein sequences recognized by immune cells. This new approach has the potential to improve current methods for generating anticancer vaccines, increasing their effectiveness in combating cancer.
Researchers at LA BioMed are developing a vaccine to protect patients from healthcare-related infections such as Candida and MRSA. The NIH grant will support the study of samples from patients enrolled in an ongoing clinical trial to assess the efficacy of the vaccine.
A study found that measles illness lasts for almost 14 days and causes people to miss nearly 10 days at work or school on average. The analysis also showed that the average number of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost due to measles is 0.019 per patient, equivalent to 6.9 QALYs.
Researchers have successfully tested a new vaccine regimen that provides rapid protection against Ebola virus in monkeys, with some animals remaining protected for up to 10 months after vaccination. The experimental ChAd3 Ebola vaccine demonstrated strong immune responses in both single-dose and prime-boost regimens.
A study from the University of Sydney reveals a 61% decrease in genital wart management among young women since the introduction of the free HPV vaccination program. The vaccine has been effective in reducing genital warts and their treatment costs, with no significant change in other sexually transmitted infections.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich have discovered a new site where T lymphocytes can be programmed to attack pathogens. The liver plays a key role in this process, and synthetic messenger Hyper-IL-6 has been found to efficiently activate T cells, offering a promising new adjuvant for vaccine formulations.
A new vaccine candidate, GP2, has shown a 57% reduction in recurrence rates among high-risk breast cancer patients. The vaccine targets CD8+ cells and was combined with an immune stimulant to enhance its effectiveness.
A blend of three monoclonal antibodies has been shown to protect monkeys against a lethal dose of Ebola virus for up to 5 days after infection. This treatment, ZMAPP, was found to be effective in a study published in Nature.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has launched an initial human safety study for an Ebola vaccine candidate. The trial is the first in a series of Phase 1 clinical trials that will examine the investigational NIAID/GSK Ebola vaccine, which is designed to induce an immune response in healthy adults.
A CU Denver study reveals that vaccine refusal is more common among children from higher-income families with educated mothers. These parents often rely on alternative practices like breastfeeding and social monitoring to prevent disease, rather than vaccinations. In contrast, lower-income families face barriers to accessing healthcare...
The 2009 H1N1 outbreak at Washington State University provided valuable data for researchers to study the rapid spread of the virus. A computer model revealed that only a few initial infected individuals sparked the outbreak, with a high transmissibility rate among close-knit student communities.
A new report by Princeton University researchers suggests that expanding the age of eligibility for measles vaccination from 12 to 15 months could significantly increase coverage in Africa. The study found that increasing the age range would have the most impact on countries with high rates of unvaccinated children.
Two commentaries in Annals of Internal Medicine emphasize the need for immediate Ebola vaccine deployment and cautious approach to containment plans. The authors argue that safety risks from vaccines are negligible compared to healthcare worker risks, while excessive measures can foster mistrust and increase risk.
A new vaccine, rBCG30, offers superior protection against tuberculosis in animal models and cross-protection against leprosy. Boosting rBCG30 with the Antigen 85B protein significantly enhances its effectiveness against leprosy.