Articles tagged with Vaccination
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A new study found that irregular Pap smears and false negative tests were not the primary reasons for cervical cancer development. Instead, socio-economic disparities in screening access may be a major obstacle to eradicating the disease.
Maternal and neonatal tetanus can be eliminated with effective action, including vaccination and proper care practices. However, sustaining elimination may require improvements in immunization and health services.
A recent study found that only 10% of teens receive annual preventive exams, leading to inadequate vaccination rates. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends three HPV shots within six months, but many teens are not seeing their doctors often enough.
A growing trend in oropharyngeal cancers is attributed to HPV infection, especially in younger males. This emerging epidemic warrants the exploration of HPV vaccine efficacy and safety in male populations.
A vaccine against anthrax has been developed using nanoparticles, which triggers a strong immune response and induces immunity on mucous membranes, providing protection after bioterror attacks. The new vaccine is easy to store and administer without needles, making it a valuable tool for health authorities.
A new study found that underinsured children are at risk of not getting needed vaccines due to lack of funding and restrictive policies. The authors suggest strategies to enhance immunization benefits for this vulnerable group of children.
Researchers have discovered a new vaccine strategy that effectively protects mice and guinea pigs from tuberculosis, targeting immune cells known as CD8+ T cells. The study suggests a potential breakthrough in developing a more effective vaccine for all individuals, including adolescents and adults.
The G8's $1.5 billion vaccine donation will mostly go to pharmaceutical firm profits rather than costs. Experts advocate for a more sustainable approach to maximize lives saved and benefit poor children.
Researchers argue that traditional cancer vaccine trial endpoints may be misguided, focusing instead on patient survival and response to subsequent treatments. The study suggests that vaccines can prime the immune system, keeping tumors in check and enhancing the effectiveness of subsequent therapies.
The Cervarix vaccine demonstrates effective protection against high-grade cervical pre-cancerous lesions caused by HPV types 16 and 18, and also provides additional protection against other strains of HPV that account for 10% of cervical cancers. The study involved over 18,000 women aged 15-25 years from around the world and found the ...
Researchers have made promising breakthroughs in understanding how antibodies can reduce the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, including memory loss and ability to learn. The study suggests that antibodies could be used to prevent protein clusters from forming, which is believed to kill nerve cells.
Researchers identified common DNA variations that underlie susceptibility to fever after smallpox vaccination. Eight genetic alterations increased the likelihood of fever, while a few reduced it. The study raises the possibility that these genetic variations may also influence fever risk after other live-virus vaccines.
The Infectious Diseases Society of America has released a new blueprint to prevent tens of thousands of deaths and illnesses caused by vaccine-preventable diseases. The blueprint aims to improve vaccination rates among adults and adolescents, with a focus on increasing access to vaccines for underserved populations.
A new study published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases has identified eight gene clusters associated with altered susceptibility to fever after smallpox vaccination. These genetic variations are linked to the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene complex and the interleukin-18 gene on chromosome 11.
Researchers at the University of Mainz have developed a novel approach to create antitumor vaccines by attaching tumor-associated glycopeptide antigens to a carrier protein via an immunocompatible thioether linkage. This method shows promise for inducing an immune response against cancer cells without irritating the immune system.
Researchers found that the polysaccharide vaccine can reduce meningitis cases by up to 72% in subsequent epidemics, making it an ideal tool for preventive vaccination strategy. A more cost-effective conjugated vaccine is also being developed to improve access to vaccines in African countries.
Infection with hepatitis B causes between 500,000 and 1.2 million deaths worldwide each year, with around 22,000 cases in Europe. A universal childhood vaccination policy is recommended to protect children before they are at risk of infection.
The quadrivalent HPV vaccine has been shown to be highly effective in preventing cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. The study found that the vaccine was 99% effective in women who had never had sex, but efficacy decreased to 44% when data from women who could have been exposed was included.
A quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been shown to be highly effective in preventing high-grade vulval and vaginal lesions that can lead to cancers. The vaccine reduced the risk of all high-grade vulval and vaginal lesions by 49% in a population of sexually active young women.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Medical Genetics found no association between Rh immune globulin preserved with thimerosal and an increased risk of autism. Researchers investigated the exposure to thimerosal during pregnancies resulting in children diagnosed with autism and found no correlation.
A recent study published in American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A found no causal link between Rh immune globulin (preserved with thimerosal) exposure before birth and the development of autism. The study included over 200 mothers of children diagnosed with autism, revealing that Rh negative status and pregnancies with thimerosal...
Female ixodid ticks exhibit remarkable weight gain following mating, with some species increasing in size up to 100 times their original size. This phenomenon is linked to the tick's unique lifestyle and reproductive strategy, which involves prolonged feeding periods and specialized signals triggered by copulation.
A study published in Immunology Letters describes new ways of inducing immune responses through selective B cell priming, suggesting a potential approach to rational vaccine design. This discovery could have significant practical implications for vaccination development.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a breast cancer vaccine that successfully stimulated an anti-tumor T cell response in female mouse models, slowing or stopping the progression of breast cancer. The vaccine's effectiveness was achieved by combining synthetic peptides with a Toll-like receptor stimulant and anti-CD25 antibodies.
A rare case of hepatitis B virus transmission between two patients at a dentist's office has been documented, highlighting the need for meticulous infection control. Universal vaccination against HBV would likely have prevented both cases.
The Kirk A. Landon-AACR Prize for Basic Cancer Research recognizes Dr. Richard Kolodner for his work on DNA mismatch repair and its connection to human cancer. The Dorothy P. Landon-AACR Prize for Translational Cancer Research honors Douglas Lowy and John Schiller for their development of the human papillomavirus vaccine.
Dr. Russell is recognized for his contributions to understanding the protein antigens on Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium associated with dental caries. His work has led to the development of immunological interventions targeting this adhesin and improved mucosal immune response strategies.
Researchers found that flies' primitive immune systems can adapt and retain memory of an earlier infection, contradicting the long-held dogma. This discovery raises possibilities for developing human vaccines, especially for people with compromised immune systems.
Professor Ian Frazer, a renowned cancer vaccine innovator, has been awarded the prestigious Florey Medal for his groundbreaking work on cervical cancer prevention. The award recognizes the significant public health impact of his research, which aims to control cervical cancer rates in developing countries.
A national study estimates that approximately 1 in 4 U.S. females between 14 and 59 years old may have HPV infection, with the highest prevalence among younger women. The study also found a significant trend for increasing HPV prevalence with age, followed by a decline through 59 years.
Researchers at Harvard University have created a novel spraying method for delivering the most common tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, offering needle-free delivery and greater stability. This breakthrough could improve TB care and slow the spread of HIV/AIDS in developing countries.
A novel spray drying method has been developed to preserve and deliver the most common tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, promising greater stability at room temperature and use in needle-free delivery. This technique could provide a better approach for vaccination against TB and help prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS in developing countries.
Researchers warn that an immuno-contraception vaccine, which aims to control wildlife populations, is not fully effective and may manipulate natural reproduction in unpredictable ways. The vaccine also raises concerns about the potential for individuals who survive the vaccine to carry infectious diseases affecting other animals.
Researchers have discovered a protein, GAPDH, that allows group B streptococci to colonize and cause infection in newborns. The protein modulates the immune system, increasing the risk of invasive bacterial infection.
Researchers used toll-like receptor agonists to stimulate an immune response against breast cancer tumors, preventing spontaneous growth and slowing tumor development. The vaccine was most effective when given prior to tumor appearance, extending survival but not curing the disease.
A study found that pneumococcal vaccination can prevent 262,000 child deaths annually. The vaccine's net cost of $838 million is considered cost-effective due to the significant reduction in child mortality.
A study by Stanford researchers found that while 41% of autism research deals with brain and behavior, only 11% of media coverage addresses these topics. Instead, 48% focus on environmental causes, such as the childhood MMR vaccine, highlighting a stark disconnect between scientific research and public perception.
A pre-hatching prototype vaccine virus providing immunity against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has been developed by scientists at the Institute for Animal Health and Intervet UK. The vaccine can be delivered to chicks still in their egg using robotic 'vaccinators' and has shown protection rates of up to 100 percent.
A study found that only 40% of US women have ever heard of HPV, and fewer still know about its connection to cervical cancer. The public needs education on HPV and cervical cancer to make informed health care choices, researchers concluded.
A recent study found that vaccinating mice with embryonic stem cells prevented lung cancer in those exposed to cancer-causing chemicals or had transplanted cancer cells. The vaccines showed promise in preventing tumour growth and were up to 100% effective, with smaller tumours developing in vaccinated mice.
A review in the Journal of Internal Medicine estimates that 50 million people acquired zoonotic diseases between 2000 and 2005, resulting in up to 78,000 deaths. The Dengue virus and Japanese Encephalitis Virus are among the most common zoonotic killers.
Researchers at CReSA have made significant advances in tests using DNA vaccines on animal models, enabling a delay in symptom appearance and paving the way for human treatment. The vaccine induces a complete immune response, including humoral and cellular responses, overcoming the tolerance barrier faced by prions.
A new Staphylococcus aureus vaccine has been developed by combining four proteins that generated the strongest immune response in mice, providing significant protection against various strains of the bacterium. The vaccine showed complete protection when tested against a human strain of S. aureus.
Researchers found a two- or three-dose schedule may be as effective as the traditional four-dose schedule in preventing pneumococcal disease in young children. The vaccine showed high effectiveness against seven strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, with 96% efficacy in healthy children and 81% in those at risk.
A new MUHC study provides conclusive evidence that the MMR vaccine is not associated with autism spectrum disorders. The study's findings contradict previous molecular studies that falsely linked the vaccine to autism. The research team uncovered fundamental errors in these earlier studies, clearing the MMR vaccine of its link to autism.
States with personal belief exemptions and easily accessible immunization exemptions experience higher rates of whooping cough, according to a study published in JAMA. The study found that states granting personal belief exemptions had higher exemption rates, leading to increased incidence of pertussis.
The European Union should make vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) mandatory for all girls aged 11-12 years to prevent cervical cancer. The vaccine offers protection against HPV types 16 and 18, responsible for 70% of all cervical cancers.
Researchers developed a DNA-based vaccine to protect against ragweed allergies, showing a 60% reduction in symptoms. The vaccine works by suppressing acute reactions and helping the body regulate chronic inflammation.
Researchers discovered that West Nile virus blocks immune signaling by a protein receptor, allowing it to replicate and spread. The African strain does not block this activity, making it harmless to the immune system. Harnessing this strain could lead to vaccine development against North American strains.
OHSU researchers show that CD8+ T-cells can literally eat virus-infected cells, providing insight into the human immune system and potential new way to gauge vaccine effectiveness. The discovery may help determine vaccine efficacy by measuring T-cell response to and consumption of a candidate vaccine.
A landmark publication from 100 authors offers comprehensive guidance on HPV vaccine administration and cervical cancer screening. The monograph addresses the challenges of expanding HPV-based screening to new populations and recommends universal vaccination strategies for both genders.
Radiation therapy significantly reduces risk of subsequent mastectomy and invasive breast cancer in both low- and high-risk patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Autoimmune conditions are also associated with increased risk of Hodgkin lymphoma, according to two new studies.
Researchers found that children exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) receive lower antibody protection after vaccinations. The study suggests that reducing exposure to chemicals that harm immune systems is crucial for young children.
A new study published in Vaccine found that a recombinant Protective Antigen (PA) protein vaccine produced the desired immune response in healthy adults, justifying further testing. The investigational vaccine demonstrated a clear relationship between the amount of vaccine administered and the subsequent immune response.
A new anti-obesity vaccine has shown promising results by slowing down weight gain and reducing body fat in animal models. The vaccine, targeting the hormone ghrelin, allowed rats to maintain normal eating habits while gaining less weight and accumulating less fat.
The Baylor Institute for Immunology Research has been awarded a $3 million grant to develop vaccines against melanoma, a deadly form of skin cancer. The research will focus on using dendritic cells to modulate the immune system and stimulate an anti-cancer response.
A study by Dr. Eric Fombonne and colleagues found no link between MMR vaccinations and autism rates in Quebec children, contradicting previous concerns. The incidence of autism remained high despite reductions in thimerosal use.
Researchers developed a strategy combining two human monoclonal antibodies to combat SARS virus, offering potential breadth of protection against all strains and preventing escape variants. The study presents the characteristics of this antibody combination in cell-culture experiments.
A heat-shock protein vaccine was found to reduce alveolar bone loss in patients with periodontal disease. The vaccine eradicated multiple pathogenic species, suggesting its potential as a treatment for periodontal disease.
A study shows that a prostate cancer vaccine, sipuleucel-T, can increase survival by up to four-and-a-half months and provide a greater than three-fold increase in survival at 36 months compared to patients in the placebo group. The vaccine was well-tolerated with mild adverse effects.