Articles tagged with Vaccination
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Researchers are studying a vaccine that may eliminate the risk of group B streptococcus infection in newborns, which is responsible for 1,720 annual infections and 70-90 deaths. The vaccine aims to reduce the risk by eliminating the bacteria from the vagina before birth.
Researchers have identified distinct patterns of responses in patient cells after vaccination against melanoma, which may help monitor treatment response. The study found that certain compounds were secreted by cells in patients whose tumors did not grow after vaccination.
A report on vaccine markets is criticized for favoring large firms and delaying access to effective vaccines. The author recommends using advanced purchase commitments as a complement to research funding.
Exposing cells to chloroquine prevents acidification of compartments, allowing proteins to escape and be broken down into smaller pieces displayed to cytolytic T cells. This boosts hepatitis B virus-specific T cell responses in up to 70% of vaccine recipients.
A new vaccine made of a sugar-like molecule called beta-glucan protected rodents from fatal fungal infections by triggering the production of anti-beta-glucan antibodies. The vaccine, combining beta-glucan with diptheria toxin, showed promising results in rodent trials.
Researchers at Max Planck have developed a new vaccine that effectively protects against pulmonary tuberculosis, a major killer of adults worldwide. The genetically engineered BCG vaccine stimulates stronger protection by dendritic cells and offers protection against drug-resistant Beijing family isolates.
A study of 1,193 patients found only 94 received the HAV vaccine, highlighting a significant gap in vaccination rates. Patients with chronic HCV were at risk for severe liver disease and death if infected with HAV, emphasizing the need for increased awareness and vaccination efforts.
Researchers have found that few B cells are needed to trigger an effective T-cell immune response in certain cancers. A personalized vaccine used in a Phase I study resulted in an impressive 89% survival rate for patients with mantle cell lymphoma. The study paves the way for future vaccine use in other hematological cancers.
Researchers are working on a next-generation HPV vaccine that is both protective and therapeutic, which can be converted into powder for easier transport. The new vaccine aims to be less expensive than existing options like Cervarix and has shown promise in preventing HPV infection.
Researchers engineer a BCG strain to secrete listeriolysin, enhancing T cell-mediated immunity. The new vaccine strain offers superior protection against tuberculosis, including the highly drug-resistant Beijing/W family.
A study found that HPV16/18 vaccine effectiveness varies significantly across regions, with higher rates in Europe and North America compared to sub-Saharan Africa.
Researchers have developed a new nasal vaccine that decreases Alzheimer's disease (AD) burden in mice by activating microglia to clear beta-amyloid from the brain. The vaccine combines an FDA-approved multiple sclerosis treatment, glatiramer acetate, with a safe and effective nasal adjuvant that has been tested in humans.
A new study at VGTI developed more accurate testing methods for monkeypox, which could be useful in a future outbreak. The researchers found that their test could detect the virus years after infection and even identify vaccinated individuals who were not showing symptoms.
A new canine vaccine has shown complete protection against visceral leishmaniasis in a successful trial, with laboratory experiments confirming the activation of immune cells to eliminate parasites. The vaccine uses antigen proteins excreted by the parasite and has potential for reducing transmission to humans.
A team of scientists has identified a key protein, LcrV, that allows Yersinia pestis to evade the host's immune response. By developing an altered version of this protein, rV10, they have created a potential plague vaccine that triggers only small amounts of IL-10 and protects against infection.
Researchers find B-1a cells regulate innate immunity, while B-1b cells drive adaptive long-term response to infections. The discovery sheds light on vaccine action and potential insights into designing vaccines.
Researchers Hideo Hara and Takeshi Tabira develop an effective oral vaccine treatment for Alzheimer's disease using AAV vector carrying Aß cDNA, which reduces side effects associated with traditional immunotherapy. The treatment has shown promising results in mice, indicating a potential therapeutic approach for the disease.
A new study estimates that dengue fever costs over $13 million annually, equivalent to 940,000 lost workdays of output. A potential vaccine could offset 87% of treatment costs, reducing the economic burden on governments and households.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute discovered that poor T cell responsiveness limits current approaches to therapeutic vaccines. They found that the immune system's ongoing stimulus during chronic infection prevents optimal response to vaccines, which may be improved by lowering viral load or enhancing T cell function.
The project aims to formulate a vaccine with a safe, low-cost additive derived from weakened Salmonella bacteria, which can enhance the immune response. A single-dose oral vaccine is also being developed, making it more accessible and practical for use in developing countries.
A new experimental vaccine has shown promising results in protecting nonhuman primates from Lassa fever. The vaccine, developed using a non-pathogenic form of vesicular stomatitis virus as a carrier, has been successfully tested with all vaccinated monkeys surviving infection.
Researchers have identified a specific region on the yellow fever virus protein that elicits an immune response, which could help improve existing vaccines and reduce severe side effects. The study found that antibodies produced by the immune system interact with this part of the protein to fight off infection.
Scientists at UCSD and Elan Pharmaceuticals have successfully vaccinated mice with a combination of human alpha-synuclein protein and adjuvant, reducing abnormal alpha-synuclein accumulation and promoting nerve cell survival.
Researchers have developed a new technique to produce infectious human papillomavirus (HPV) in the lab, over 1,000 times faster than existing methods. This breakthrough could lead to new antiviral drugs and enhanced vaccines that target early stages of infection.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have discovered a new vaccination strategy that dramatically speeds up the immunization process by greatly reducing the required 'lag time' between initial vaccination and booster shots. This finding has important implications for immunotherapy, where developing immunity fast is critical.
A new combination vaccine for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis has been found to be effective in providing immunity against whooping cough, with minimal adverse reactions. The vaccine is composed of four protein fragments from the pertussis bacterium and is comparable to existing vaccines in terms of immune response and safety.
A recent study published in JAMA Network found that the Tdap vaccine elicited robust immune responses in adolescents and adults to pertussis, tetanus, and diphtheria antigens. The potential benefits of widespread use of an adolescent and adult pertussis booster vaccine include a reduction in pertussis disease.
A limited study of 15 horses found that MLV vaccines consistently had lower fevers, no neurological disorders and less virus in nasal fluids. The horses were then exposed to the herpes virus after vaccination with either an MLV or inactivated vaccine.
Researchers have developed a new combination vaccine that is highly effective in protecting against pneumonic plague, with antibody levels 500,000 times higher when flagellin is added to the vaccine. The vaccine also shows promise for multiple uses and requires only a few drops in the nose for protection.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have developed the first mucosal prion vaccine that protects mice from developing prion disease by up to 500 days. The vaccine uses proteins found on disease-causing organisms and has shown promising results in preventing the progression of prion diseases.
Aeras and UCLA announce a license deal for rBCG30, a live recombinant vaccine technology developed at UCLA's David Geffen School of Medicine. The vaccine has shown promising results in initial clinical studies and holds potential to reduce TB disease burden globally.
Boostrix is approved by the FDA for use in US adolescents against pertussis, with reported cases rising nearly 20-fold since 1976. Experts estimate the true incidence of the disease may be greater than one million cases per year, particularly among teens.
A survey of parents with non-medical exemptions found that 69% cited vaccine harm as a reason for exemption. Parents with exempt children reported lower trust in government and medical sources, while also expressing more confidence in alternative medicine professionals.
A study found that 35% of children using complementary alternative medicines (CAM) had lower vaccination rates, while 8.9% were unvaccinated for diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella. Parents' misconceptions about vaccine safety can lead to adverse events and harm their children.
A new study on anthrax attacks suggests post-attack vaccination plus antibiotic therapy is the most effective strategy. Meanwhile, an analysis of data from a large randomized trial found that both metformin and lifestyle changes can slow metabolic syndrome progression, with lifestyle change providing greater benefits.
Researchers found that combination therapy with antibiotics and vaccination is the best strategy for preventing death and disease, while also being the least costly option. The study suggests that widespread pre-attack vaccination is not particularly effective due to high costs, emphasizing the need for rapid distribution systems.
Using informatics and computer modelling, researchers can speed up vaccine development by identifying common patterns in 'foreign' protein sequences. This approach has the potential to significantly reduce the number of proteins that need to be experimentally tested.
Researchers identify renalase as a novel protein regulating cardiac function and blood pressure. WNK1/4 interaction is also crucial for controlling human blood pressure and familial hyperkalemic hypertension (FHHt) risk.
Researchers are developing a vaccine using dendritic cells to boost the immune system against lung cancer recurrence. The study enrolls patients for two years, with promising previous results, aiming to treat 30 new patients.
A novel genetic vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been developed using a modified adenovirus vector expressing a region of the outer membrane called OprF. Immunization with this vaccine induces antibody production and protects mice from deadly doses of the bacteria, even after repeated exposure.
Extensive scientific evidence confirms no link between vaccines and neurodevelopmental disorders like autism. Immunization remains crucial for protecting children from serious infectious diseases, says the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
A novel vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been successfully tested in mice, inducing antibody production and protection against the deadly bacteria. The vaccine uses a modified adenovirus vector expressing a region of the bacteria's outer membrane, which was previously recognized as a promising vaccine candidate.
Researchers have discovered that natural protection against pneumococcal disease may not rely solely on antibodies. Long-lasting immunity to pneumococcus was found in mice exposed to live bacteria or a whole-cell vaccine, which stimulates CD4+ T-cells to provide protection at the earliest stage of infection.
A new study suggests that child care attendance can lead to higher rates of pneumococcal carriage in both children and non-children. The research model predicts that communities with more children in child care have higher carriage rates among all age groups. Vaccination, good hygiene, and regular toy cleaning are key preventive steps.
A recent survey in Sudan found high mortality rates among internally displaced persons, with acute malnutrition prevalent in some areas. The study highlights the urgent need for humanitarian efforts to ensure acceptable living standards for these populations.
A study found that 76% of women would be willing to accept a cervical cancer vaccine for themselves, while 67% of mothers with daughters would consent to have their child vaccinated. The main reasons for non-acceptance were unknown side effects and the belief that minors are not sexually active.
The Society for Adolescent Medicine advocates for adolescents to receive extended protection against pertussis. Adding a pertussis component to the current tetanus-diphtheria booster vaccine could help prevent this disease in teens and reduce transmission to infants.
Researchers found that vaccinating mice with prostate cancer immediately after hormone therapy triggers a stronger T-cell response against the cancer. The strategy could lead to better vaccine effectiveness in humans, delaying the need for additional treatments or hormone therapy.
Two studies examine the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a condition that affects millions of Americans. Researchers found positive lifestyle changes lowered risk among nonsmokers but not smokers. A computer simulation determined the diet-exercise program and metformin therapy were cost-effective options.
Research reveals that female sex hormones, particularly estradiol, play a crucial role in defense against sexually transmitted diseases. Estradiol-treated mice showed 100% protection from herpes virus infection, while those with progesterone or no hormone showed extensive infection and increased inflammation.
A study published in Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine found that parental attitudes toward STD vaccinations are not significantly influenced by the type of infection, with most parents prioritizing vaccine effectiveness and prevention of fatal infections. Only 6% of parents expressed an aversion to STD vaccines in general.
A study found that parents are as likely to vaccinate their children against STIs as other types of infection, with the severity of the infection and vaccine effectiveness being key determinants. Parents favored vaccines for infections without behavioral prevention methods.
The AAAS has selected five science reporters from Africa to receive fellowships and training at the 2005 Annual Meeting. The program aims to encourage outstanding young science journalists and support their coverage of science and health topics in developing countries.
Researchers found that vaccination against tumor-specific proteins can reinvigorate existing T cells, allowing them to attack tumors. This breakthrough suggests a new approach to treating skin cancer by targeting the immune system's natural defense mechanisms.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have developed a fast-acting anthrax vaccine that uses gene transfer technology to provide rapid immunity. The new vaccine works quickly, granting mice immunity within 12 to 18 hours of vaccination and may be used in combination with active vaccines for enhanced protection.
A Mayo Clinic study analyzed data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project and found a stable incidence of autism until 1988-1991, then increased with new diagnostic criteria and special education laws. Researchers identified 124 children meeting current diagnostic criteria for autism out of 3,000 with related diagnoses.
Researchers from CANVAC, a Canadian network of immunology and virology experts, have developed a new method to assess thymus function using only blood samples. They found that HIV-infected individuals experience decreased thymic function in the first months after infection, leading to lower T-lymphocyte production.
Researchers developed a probability model to predict how many cases of anthrax could be prevented under varying conditions. The study found that antibiotics distributed within 6 days after exposure and taken for 60 days can prevent up to 70% of anthrax cases.
UT Southwestern researchers developed a gene-based vaccine to stimulate immune systems against amyloid protein, reducing plaque buildup and cognitive loss in mice. The study aims to create a safe and effective Alzheimer's vaccine that can prevent or slow disease progression.
A four-year study by Yale researchers found that vaccinating white-footed mice reduced the number of deer ticks carrying Lyme disease. The study demonstrated a significant reduction in risk for humans getting Lyme disease from tick bites, but not as great as expected. Further development of oral vaccines is proposed to reduce human risk.