Researchers have found that lactic acid is not a waste product, but rather a link between anaerobic and aerobic metabolism. Efficient use of lactic acid enables athletes to generate more energy from their body's fuel sources, reducing fatigue and improving performance.
The study confirms that honeybees dance to report on real estate as part of their group decision-making process. The better the site, the stronger the waggle dance, which attracts other scouts to visit the recommended site.
A study estimated the costs and benefits of 28 US NIH-funded phase III clinical trials, finding a total cost of $335 million and a projected net benefit of over $15 billion at 10 years. The trials led to significant improvements in public health.
A massive marsh planting project is set to begin in coastal Alabama and Mississippi, aiming to restore salt marshes and their ecosystem services. The project, led by Dr. Cebrian, will focus on restoring black needlerush and other plant species, and will involve the coordinated efforts of researchers, resource managers, and volunteers.
A University of Toronto study reveals that rainfall-induced erosion significantly impacts tectonic plate behavior, extending to the mantle thermal engine. The research suggests subtle surface weathering could shift plates over millions of years.
Researchers are conducting a trial to use mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to repair damaged heart muscle after a heart attack. The MSCs can be grown in large numbers and stored for years, allowing a single donation to treat thousands of patients.
A study of 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study data found that driver distraction and inattention significantly contribute to crashes and near-crashes. Drowsiness is a major problem, increasing the risk by at least four times, while cell phone use is the most common distraction.
Researchers found that inhibiting heme oxygenase-1 activity reduces tumor growth in mice with Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The study offers a potential new treatment for the disease.
Researchers found that Polycomb proteins repress developmental genes, while bivalent domains mark key genes with both repressive and activating characteristics. This helps explain embryonic stem cell stability and differentiation potential.
Primary care physicians can improve their ability to detect malignant skin lesions using simplified dermoscopy techniques, resulting in a 25% increase in sensitivity. The use of dermoscopy reduces the number of false negatives and improves patient outcomes.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered that retinal ganglion cells organize their actions based on pair interactions rather than group discussions. This finding could shed light on how brain cells work together to make decisions.
Research suggests that a genetic mutation in the Arf gene can cause leukemias to resist Gleevec treatment, leading to aggressive disease progression. This finding may lead to new treatments that re-sensitize tumor cells to Gleevec therapies.
A new study uses ancient and modern climate records to estimate the impact of carbon dioxide on global temperatures, suggesting a 90% probability of a 1.5-6.2°C increase, with a reduced likelihood of exceeding 4.5°C.
A viral protein called p12 activates infected T cells and causes them to become sticky, adhering to other T cells. This enhanced adherence is due to clustering of special proteins on the surface of T cells.
Researchers found that cancer treatment effectiveness is independent of tumor type, and varying levels of specific proteins determine drug response. This study suggests a new approach to treating cancer by selecting therapies tailored for individual patients instead of one-size-fits-all approaches.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health reveals over 663,000 people treated in US emergency rooms for lawn mower injuries between 1996 and 2004. Safety tips, such as wearing protective gear and keeping children away, are crucial to preventing these injuries.
Researchers discovered that fruitfly wing spots evolved through mutations in cis-regulatory elements controlling the yellow gene, demonstrating how evolution uses existing genetic material to create new traits. The study also highlights the importance of pleiotropic genes in evolution.
The Mayo Clinic team has discovered that an echocardiography-guided genetic test can be more effective in identifying hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) mutations, particularly when combined with unique anatomical features of the heart. This approach can help physicians provide more accurate counseling to families and unlock new researc...
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that a combination of the Bcr-Abl mutation and loss of both Arf genes in bone marrow cells triggers an aggressive form of ALL. Inactivating both Arf genes enables leukemic cells to multiply despite imatinib treatment, highlighting potential strategies for overcoming resistance.
A recent study found that moderate doses of steroids given to patients with late-stage ARDS did not improve survival rates. However, the treatment did reduce lung inflammation and allowed patients to wean off mechanical ventilators earlier. The study's results suggest caution when treating patients with late-stage ARDS with steroids.
The five robots were chosen by an international jury for their significant impact on robotics and computer science education. AIBO is a popular research platform used in robotic soccer, while SCARA has been widely adopted in industrial assembly operations.
TEEVE enables cost-effective cyberspace communication with full-body size views, suitable for training, entertainment, and healthcare applications. Researchers have tested the technology with dancers, achieving exciting results, and plan to expand its use in education, remote healthcare, and elderly care.
A new study uses a salivary test to measure alpha amylase levels in children, finding that social relationships with mothers and teachers influence stress responses. The findings suggest that individual differences in alpha amylase levels can be linked to social problems, aggressive behavior, and cognitive/academic difficulties.
Researchers discover a gene, dubbed fat free, that disrupts lipid absorption in zebrafish and reveals potential targets for intervention. The study provides new insights into lipid metabolism and opens the way for screening drugs to rescue defective cholesterol processing.
Researchers have discovered rivers beneath the ice in Antarctica, moving water hundreds of miles under the surface. The findings suggest that these lakes could support microbial life and potentially release large floods that could affect ocean circulation.
A recent study by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found considerable gaps in pandemic preparedness across Europe. The report analyzed national plans and concluded that increased cooperation is needed to ensure effective response to a pandemic.
A new MS Research Centre will be established at the University of Edinburgh to develop therapies for Multiple Sclerosis using latest techniques and investigate repairing damaged nervous system parts. The centre aims to unlock MS mysteries and potentially lead to a cure, with £2.5m funding from JK Rowling and MS Society Scotland.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison reveal how evolution occurs at a fine level of detail, explaining molecular mechanisms behind animal adaptations. They show how fruit fly wing spots, which are driven by female preferences, can be gained and lost independently in different species.,
Researchers discovered a new mechanism in nerve cells that enables them to filter and transfer signals rapidly, contrary to the traditional Hodgkin-Huxley model. This allows for high precision in transmitting fast-changing signals while ignoring slowly varying stimuli.
Researchers confirm ventral word-form area's causal role in recognizing words by studying a patient whose surgery disrupted the region. The patient showed impaired reading skills but retained object recognition and naming abilities.
A global study of over 27,500 adults aged 40-80 found that greater gender equality leads to improved sexual satisfaction. The research, led by the University of Chicago, compared sex lives across 29 countries and discovered that countries with more equal partnerships reported higher rates of sexual pleasure.
A controlled trial found that hypnotherapy significantly improved sense of overall wellbeing and reduced painkiller use, while supportive therapy had no effect. Brain scans show that hypnotherapy affects the brain's processing of painful stimuli.
A new study by Salk researchers reveals a previously unknown connection between the neural pathways responsible for color and fine detail perception and those involved in motion processing. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that sensory information about color is relatively unimportant for detecting moving objects.
Researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study brain activity during sensory processing and introspection. They found that sensory processing activated the sensory cortex, while introspection activated the prefrontal cortex, which was silenced during intense sensory engagement.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center identified the four stages of natural killer cell maturation in secondary lymphoid tissue, such as tonsils and lymph glands. This discovery could lead to new therapies for cancer, infection, and immune deficiencies, advancing our understanding of the human immune system.
A gene called caspase-12 is found in around 20% of people of African descent, but was lost from other ethnicities 60,000 years ago. Researchers hope to develop treatments that may strengthen the immune system of those carrying the gene.
A study evaluated European countries' preparedness plans against WHO's checklist, finding that surveillance planning was good but maintenance of essential services, putting plans into practice, and public-health interventions were less well prepared. The implementation of these interventions was unclear in many plans.
Researchers at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center found a decreased risk of breast cancer among women with breast implants. The study, which followed over 3,400 Swedish women for an average of 18 years, also showed an increased risk of lung cancer but attributed it to smoking habits.
Researchers develop a new method to predict how individuals respond to drugs by analyzing their metabolite profiles, which can help diagnose diseases and tailor treatments for maximum efficacy and safety. The approach accounts for genetic and environmental factors influencing drug absorption and metabolism.
An interdisciplinary team of scientists and physicians has developed guidelines for treating severely injured patients, focusing on inflammation response and genetic factors. The project aims to improve patient care through standard treatment procedures and tailored treatments based on genetic data.
Researchers at Rockefeller University discovered that calnexin plays a crucial role in forming the ?IIb?3 receptor complex. The study highlights the importance of calnexin in protein folding and degradation, which may lead to new strategies for treating common diseases.
A novel ceramic oxide of manganese has been found to function as a self-assembled layered integrated circuit, conducting electricity only in certain directions. This opens up the possibility of constructing thin metal layers insulated from other layers, enabling more efficient and powerful devices.
Researchers mapped dynamic Polycomb group protein PC and PH across various developmental stages in Drosophila. The study reveals the proteins' diverse binding locations, implying different gene silencing mechanisms. Further analysis is needed to understand their role in development and conservation across species.
The University of Cincinnati and CERHAS have recreated 39 ancient earthworks using virtual reconstructions, offering a new way to explore the Adena, Hopewell, and Fort Ancient cultures. The traveling exhibit will include interactive displays, 3D models, and virtual tours.
A new genetic cause of Alzheimer's disease has been discovered, with increased amyloid precursor protein expression being a significant risk factor. The study found that genetic variations in the promoter region can increase gene expression and contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
The study of mouse chromosome 11 provides a clearer picture of how the human genome evolves through rearrangements and DNA repeats. Chromosome 17, rich in disease genes, offers insights into the impact of genome changes on human health.
Researchers have identified 20 candidate genes that regulate alcohol preference, shedding light on the genetic factors underlying excessive drinking. The study suggests that differences in brain function and homeostasis may contribute to an individual's reaction to alcohol.
A study of over 534 children found no significant differences in neuropsychological function between those with amalgam and resin composite materials. Higher urinary mercury levels were detected in the amalgam group, but no adverse effects were observed. The study concludes that mercury-containing amalgam should remain a viable clinica...
A study of 25,719 women found that five-year cancer survivors reported functional limitations, such as heavy household work and mobility issues. The authors highlight the need for interventions to prevent and reverse functional decline among elderly long-term cancer survivors.
A team of scientists has discovered a new hantavirus in an African wood mouse, which is related to viruses causing severe disease in humans in Central and Eastern Europe. The virus was found to have similarities with other hantaviruses, including the Dobrava virus, and can infect humans, according to preliminary evidence.
A prospective community-based study of 2,258 non-demented people found that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The association remained significant even after adjusting for potential confounders.
Researchers propose a $500 million upfront investment to secure a 12-month vaccine supply, protecting 11,000 daily births from potential shortages. The CDC's six-month plan is deemed unclear given the actual production interruption timelines.
Scientists have developed a new method using molecular beacons to visualize and detect the genome of the respiratory virus in live cells. This technique allows for early detection of the virus, which is essential for treating the disease.
A nationwide cohort of 3486 Swedish women who underwent cosmetic surgery for breast implants between 1965 and 1993 were followed until the end of 2002. The study found that women with implants had a reduced incidence of breast cancer and an increased incidence of lung cancer compared to the general population.
A recent study found that using forearm supports can significantly reduce neck and shoulder pain as well as hand, wrist, and forearm pain. The study also showed that arm boards and ergonomics training provide the most protective effect against musculoskeletal disorders.
A 10-year study of wild finches reveals that female birds choose mates based on genetic diversity, not flashy traits. This helps explain why elaborate ornaments evolve despite potential inbreeding risks.
A study of 2913 young adults found that those with lower educational levels had a four-fold higher prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) deposits, compared to those with higher levels. The researchers suggest that early life preventive measures are needed to address social and economic disparities in health.
Dutch citizens rated various energy technologies with CO2 storage as having consequences between 6.0 and 6.5, indicating acceptance. Informed opinions were more stable than uninformed ones, which were deemed 'pseudo opinions' that don't reflect public acceptance.
A multi-site research team identified nearly 4,000 differentially regulated genes in mice with varying levels of alcohol consumption. The analysis revealed new candidate genes for further study, including some previously unknown, and provided valuable insights into the genetics of predisposition to drink alcohol.
A study analyzing 551 men with prostate cancer found that a 30% decline in serum PSA levels within three months of treatment can reduce the risk of death by at least 50%. The researchers suggest that PSAs could be used as reliable endpoint measures for prostate cancer treatment efficacy.