Articles tagged with Vaccination
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers developed a new live rabies vaccine by manipulating the virus, making it weaker and more effective in provoking an immune response. The vaccine has shown promise in preventing the spread of rabies in wildlife and humans, with potential applications for stray dogs and animals.
Researchers have developed a peptide vaccine that produces an immune response in 60% of patients with myeloid leukemia, resulting in complete molecular remission for three patients. The vaccine targets the PR1 peptide, which is overexpressed on leukemia cells, inducing immune T-cells to kill cancer cells while leaving normal cells intact.
A Stanford researcher has developed a test that reverses pre-existing food allergies in dogs by vaccinating them with heat-killed bacteria mixed with peanuts or milk. The test showed significant results, with four dogs able to eat over 37 peanuts and five dogs tolerating larger quantities of milk without symptoms.
A randomized trial has demonstrated that a HPV vaccine is effective in preventing persistent HPV infections, abnormal Pap tests, and precancerous lesions. The vaccine's efficacy rate is up to 95%, suggesting a substantial reduction in cervical cancer rates globally.
Researchers aim to block harmful immune response in brain inflammation and remove beta amyloid plaques with anti-CD40 ligand antibody and investigational vaccine. The study builds on previous USF laboratory studies tracking the role of microglia in Alzheimer's disease.
A new pertussis booster vaccine candidate has shown promising results in a clinical trial, providing extended protection against whooping cough, diphtheria, and tetanus for adolescents. The vaccine, Boostrix, demonstrated high levels of anti-pertussis antibodies and comparable side effects to the existing Td vaccine.
Researchers analyzed VAERS data for adverse events following pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) vaccination in children. The study found that 13.2 reports of events were submitted per 100,000 doses distributed.
A new report highlights the potential of biotechnologies in improving health in developing countries. The report proposes a global institute to share and promote the benefits of genomic sciences, aiming to save tens of millions of lives per year.
Mayo Clinic has been awarded a major NIH contract to conduct genomic research on smallpox vaccination, utilizing its advanced genomics technology center and biostatisticians. The study aims to identify gene polymorphisms affecting susceptibility to infection and response to vaccination.
A research team led by Peter B. Jahrling has successfully developed a nonhuman primate model of smallpox infection in monkeys. The study demonstrates that variola virus can produce lethal disease in monkeys, providing valuable insight into the pathogenesis of smallpox.
A recent study using the General Practice Research Database found an association between hepatitis B vaccination and a three-fold increase in MS incidence within three years following vaccination. The study's limitations highlight the need for further research into the potential link between vaccines and autoimmune diseases.
A recent UK study published in The Lancet has found no association between the MMR vaccine and the development of autism or pervasive developmental disorders. Researchers analyzed data from over 1,300 cases and 4,469 controls, concluding that vaccination did not increase the risk of these conditions.
Researchers found that a frozen preparation of smallpox vaccine remained effective even at 10-fold diluted doses. The study involved 340 healthy volunteers and showed a high vaccination success rate, suggesting the vaccine can be safely expanded for use in emergency situations or during public health crises.
A new study by Vanderbilt University Medical Center shows the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine significantly decreases illnesses in children under 2 years old. The vaccine has been found to reduce ear infections and pneumonia cases by 7% and 17%, respectively, resulting in fewer doctor visits and cost savings.
A new pediatric croup vaccine has been shown to be safe and well-tolerated in adults, with no significant reactions or laboratory abnormalities. The vaccine contains a live virus that stimulates both antibody and cellular immune responses, providing potential durable protection against hPIV-1.
The study found that USAMRIID's biosafety and medical management program effectively prevented laboratory-acquired infections, with only five confirmed cases in a fourteen-year period. The review emphasized the importance of vaccination and early evaluation of potential exposures.
Researchers found that activation of Serine protease inhibitor 2A (Spi2A) can prevent T cell death and increase memory T cells, potentially boosting vaccine efficacy. This discovery could lead to new vaccines or treatments for chronic infections and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center found that combining an anti-tumor vaccine with chemotherapy significantly extended patient survival to 26 months on average. The treatment, which involves dendritic-cell immunotherapy, was shown to slow tumor growth and increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
A study found that vaccinated cases were half as contagious as unvaccinated cases, with varying levels of contagiousness depending on the number of lesions. The authors suggest continued monitoring to improve vaccine policy decisions for future generations.
A phase 1 vaccine trial has demonstrated that a group A streptococcal vaccine appears safe and well-tolerated, inducing immune responses capable of conferring protection against multiple strains. The study's findings suggest that a specific dose and schedule may be effective in preventing group A streptococcal infections.
A novel protein vaccine candidate has demonstrated full protection against a lethal aerosol challenge with ricin toxin in mice, offering a promising solution to bioterrorism threats. The vaccine, RTA 1-33/44-198, was designed using molecular modeling and protein engineering techniques.
A survey of mothers reveals that they view pediatricians as 'parenting partners' and carefully select a doctor for their child. Key findings include the importance of personality, health insurance coverage, and compatibility with parenting objectives in choosing a pediatrician.
Researchers used glycan microarrays to explore novel immunologic targets for SARS-CoV. The study found undesired autoantibody reactivity against human serum glycoprotein ASOR, prompting concerns over the safety of whole-viral SARS vaccines.
A new breed of vaccine-producing plants is being developed to combat global health issues, including cholera and diarrhea. The innovative technology uses minimal processing to yield heat-stable vaccines for oral delivery.
Researchers will investigate the link between atopic dermatitis and severe skin reaction EV in a nationwide research network. The study aims to better understand how atopic dermatitis predisposes individuals to EV after smallpox vaccination.
OHSU researchers are studying vaccination methods for seniors and children, with a focus on developing protection against infectious diseases. The study aims to understand immune system changes that occur with aging and develop methods to manipulate the system for better protection.
Scientists at the University of Rochester Medical Center created an Alzheimer's vaccine with a customizable immune response using a harmless form of the herpes virus. The modified vaccine proved safer while still causing a 20-percent decline in amyloid plaque in the brain, offering new hope for developing a safe and effective vaccine.
Researchers warn that live flavivirus vaccines can recombine, resulting in new microbes with undesirable properties. The use of these vaccines requires international approval due to safety concerns, including increased virulence, disease development in compromised individuals, and birth defects.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have made significant progress in developing a new vaccine against malignant melanoma, a potentially deadly skin cancer. The vaccine showed promise in a phase I-II study, with 8 of 10 patients developing positive responses to their own tumor cells that were chemically modified.
Researchers have identified proteins that determine which mice succumb to mousepox and which do not. Strains resistant to infection produce type-1 cytokines, while susceptible ones produce type-2 cytokine IL-4. The discovery could enable better protection for humans against smallpox.
Researchers have made significant progress in developing a therapeutic vaccine for pancreatic cancer, which appears safe and stimulates immune activity. In a recent study, 12 patients with pancreatic cancer received the vaccine, resulting in no reported toxicity and positive changes in antibodies against the tumor.
A phase II multicenter study evaluated a multiepitope CD8 T-cell vaccine for metastatic melanoma patients, demonstrating an immune response associated with longer survival. The vaccine showed promising results in stimulating an immune response, but no correlation was found with clinical tumor responses.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have developed a new approach to boost the immune response against gliomas, a type of brain tumor. By targeting the interleukin 10 gene in dendritic cells, they can increase the production of IL-12, leading to a stronger Th1 response and enhanced immune response against cancer cells.
Researchers have developed a new vaccine strategy using live, crippled Salmonella bacteria that stimulate immunity to multiple pathogens. The vaccine protected mice 100% against lethal doses of both S. typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes.
The ADVN aims to understand immune responses in AD patients after natural exposure to skin viruses and investigate their reactions to the smallpox vaccine. The network will inform safer vaccine design, improving protection against the smallpox virus without life-threatening complications.
The NIH has awarded $20.7 million to create a safer smallpox vaccine for individuals with atopic dermatitis, a condition that makes them susceptible to serious reactions. Researchers will conduct both laboratory and clinical studies to understand the disease and develop protocols to safely vaccinate these patients.
The temporary suspension of the hepatitis B vaccine at birth due to mercury concerns led to a significant decrease in first-day vaccination coverage. The study found that 11% of children born during the suspension were not vaccinated on their first day, resulting in an excess of 182,000 undervaccinated children by 19 months.
The Department of Defense Smallpox Vaccination Program reported over 50 cases of myopericarditis, a heart muscle inflammation, following vaccination. Most soldiers experiencing complications have recovered well with therapy, but researchers stress the need for further study to better understand potential cardiac risks.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have deciphered the structure of botulinum toxin, shedding light on its mechanism of action. By modifying a single amino acid, scientists created an inactive form of the toxin that retains structural similarity to the active form, paving the way for potential vaccine development.
Scientists are developing a new anthrax vaccine that requires fewer shots and has fewer side effects. The study aims to improve upon the existing vaccine, which causes numerous side effects and takes 18 months to confer protection.
A new investigational anthrax vaccine is being tested in a phase II human study at Saint Louis University. The vaccine aims to provide better protection, an improved safety profile and a simpler dosing schedule.
Drs. Thal and Nitsch receive the Potamkin Prize for their groundbreaking research on effective therapies to treat and prevent Alzheimer's disease. Their work has revitalized hopes for a vaccine and slowed cognitive decline in patients.
A survey of oncologists and nurses found that while most agree to offer trial results to patients, only 62% actually do so due to concerns over potential negative effects, patient interpretation, and resource consumption. Additionally, a new study demonstrates tamoxifen's association with reduced breast density, particularly in younger...
A study found that HIV-positive US military personnel who received a smallpox vaccine between 2002-2003 showed no negative effects. The researchers suggest exempting HIV-infected individuals from vaccination during outbreaks, but consider weakened vaccines for immunocompromised people in the future.
Researchers equipped dendritic cells with genetic material from patient's tumor and PAMPs to break T-cell tolerance, enabling activation of immune system. This approach merges strengths of viral vaccines with ease of using patient's own immune system.
A recent study examined 350 adult volunteers and found that 3.6% developed harmless skin rashes after vaccination. The rashes cleared up on their own within one to three weeks without serious symptoms.
A new dental caries vaccine is being proposed as a crucial tool to prevent the spread of tooth decay, particularly in vulnerable populations. The symposium emphasizes the vaccine's potential to combat the disease and its impact on public health.
A team of scientists has successfully tested a new smallpox vaccine that shows promise as an alternative to the existing Dryvax vaccine. The MVA vaccine was found to elicit equivalent or higher immune responses in nonhuman primates, providing protection against monkeypox.
Researchers developed a topical vaccine that induces high levels of anti-ricin immune responses in mice, with 70% survival rate upon lethal challenge. The vaccine candidate offers a viable alternative delivery route for ricin poisoning treatment.
The Phase I study demonstrated a clear dose-response relationship between the amount of rPA102 administered and the subsequent immune response, with antibody titers continuing to increase after the second and third administration. The vaccine was well-tolerated, with no evidence of dose-limiting toxicity or reactogenicity at any dose.
A new vaccine has been shown to halt HER-2/neu preneoplastic breast cancer lesions through both morphologic and gene expression data. The findings suggest a potential breakthrough in the treatment of this type of cancer, according to a recent study published in JCI Journals.
Researchers develop vaccine that prevents tumor growth in mice, while also reversing cardiac dysfunction through gene therapy. These breakthroughs demonstrate the potential of combinatorial approaches to vaccination and gene therapy for treating neoplastic lesions and heart disease.
A new vaccine has shown significant improvement in 5-year progression-free survival rates for patients with renal cancer, with a 77% rate in the vaccinated group compared to 68% in the control group. The well-tolerated treatment was associated with only 12 adverse events.
The study found that the chickenpox vaccine's effectiveness decreases significantly after one year, with 97% efficacy in the first year and 84% in subsequent years. The vaccine's effectiveness was lower for children under 15 months old, with a 73% efficacy rate.
Dr. Offit reviews scientific evidence on vaccine safety, finding no link between vaccines and weakened immune systems, allergic or autoimmune diseases, or mercury injury. The Vaccine Education Center provides up-to-date science-based information on vaccines and preventable diseases.
Research by Ann Bostrom reveals that people's willingness to accept vaccine risks depends on what they do and don't know. Personal experiences with adverse reactions also impact risk perception. The study highlights the need for both technical analysis and deliberation in decision-making processes.
Dr. Peter Jahrling has been recognized by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) as a Fellow for his contributions to vaccine development and medical defense against infectious diseases. He is credited with advancing research on filovirus and poxvirus threats.
A phase II trial of a melanoma vaccine showed promising results, with nearly half of patients living at least five years after receiving the treatment. The vaccine's effectiveness was influenced by the dosing schedule and immune response, highlighting the importance of personalized medicine in cancer treatment.
Researchers at Purdue University developed a miniature device sensitive enough to detect a single virus particle, with applications in environmental health monitoring and homeland security. The device uses a tiny cantilever that vibrates at a specific frequency when a virus particle lands on it, allowing for real-time detection.
Researchers have successfully developed a cancer vaccine using low-affinity epitopes that shows high vaccination efficiency in antitumor immunotherapy. The study, published in JCI Journals, offers promising results for the treatment of various types of cancer.