Articles tagged with Brain Cancer
A highly sensitive blood test can accurately diagnose and classify different types of brain tumours without the need for tissue samples. This breakthrough has the potential to transform patient care by providing more accurate diagnosis, less invasive methods and better treatment planning.
A study found increased cancer risks in two regions of Switzerland, particularly brain tumors, due to localized factors. The research suggests a need for intensified search for environmental risk factors and separate consideration of different brain tumor subgroups.
A new study has identified a potent Nrf2 inhibitor, triptolide, as a promising therapeutic approach for IDH1-mutated glioma. The research reveals that disrupting the glutathione synthesis pathway establishes synergistic lethality with a neomorphic IDH1 mutation.
Researchers found that osimertinib, commonly used to treat non-small cell lung cancer, showed benefits for patients with metastatic brain cancers, with 64% experiencing a measurable response and 90% disease control in the central nervous system.
A study published in Neuro-Oncology Advances suggests that chemotherapy can be effective against diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a devastating childhood brain cancer. Researchers found that the medicine reaches DIPG tissue in good quantities, offering new hope for treatment.
A study confirms racial disparities in treatment outcomes for pediatric brain cancer patients, with Black and Hispanic patients facing poorer prognoses after diagnosis and treatment, regardless of stage at diagnosis.
A new study led by TGen suggests that tumor microenvironment plays a vastly under-studied role in cancer development and growth. By analyzing genetic sequencing, single-cell analysis, and high-resolution medical imaging, researchers can provide timely information on how to best attack each patient's cancer.
The University of Trento led a research study to create in vitro tumor models using organoids, which can show signs of disease and provide a model of tumors affecting young patients. The study confirmed the key role of two proteins and investigated therapeutic options, making it possible to advance brain cancer research.
Scientists are exploring genetic changes that make brain tumors resistant to BRAF inhibitors, a common treatment for certain types of brain cancer. The study aims to identify new potential targets for combination therapy to keep cancers from developing resistance.
Researchers found that surgically removing the entire tumor can boost median survival length from eight months to 16 months or more. The study analyzed data from 103 patients and suggests surgery may be a viable treatment option for brainstem high-grade gliomas, which are rare and deadly brain cancers.
A new study from Massachusetts General Hospital suggests that glowing particles in the blood of patients with brain cancer may be used to diagnose and monitor the disease. The discovery uses a substance called 5-aminolevulinic acid, which makes tumor cells fluorescent, allowing for non-invasive blood tests.
A study published in Acta Neuropathologica has identified an epigenetic lesion called NSUN5 that can predict good clinical course in 15% of patients with gliomas, a type of brain cancer. The researchers found that this alteration allows the tumor to grow slowly and enables patients to survive longer.
Researchers have discovered a new type of drug that targets the genetic weakness in 'diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma', a devastating childhood brain cancer. The treatment also shows promise for patients with stone man syndrome, a rare genetic disease where muscles and ligaments turn to bone. Clinical trials are expected to begin in 2021.
Research analyzed rates of brain metastases in elderly patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. The study found that these cancers carry a significant risk of developing brain metastases later in life, with varying rates among primary cancer types.
Researchers have developed new Cryo-Chip substrates that improve contrast and specimen retention in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging. These advancements enable faster data acquisition, leading to more efficient analysis of macromolecules in various biological systems.
Researchers found that estrogen affects astrocytes, which produce growth factors promoting brain metastasis. Anti-estrogen therapy may prevent brain metastasis in women with triple-negative breast cancer.
Researchers used a compound to highlight fast-growing cancer cells, allowing surgeons to distinguish between high-grade and low-grade glioma cells. This technique improves the accuracy of diagnosing high-grade glioma during surgery, potentially increasing patient survival.
Research by Norwegian University of Science and Technology found that individuals with larger brains are more likely to develop brain tumors. The study, which analyzed data from over 1,000 participants, revealed a statistically significant association between brain size and increased cancer risk.
Researchers have identified NOTCH 1 as a key player in the metastasis of medulloblastoma, a type of pediatric brain cancer. The study also suggests that targeting this protein could lead to a more effective treatment option with fewer side effects.
Researchers at Henry Ford Health will explore genetic makeup of gliomas to identify new therapies, building on previous discoveries about DNA methylation and molecular signatures.
Researchers found that a typical mutation in cancer cells blocks the body's immune response, even with immunotherapy. The tumor releases an oncometabolite that impairs T cell function, leading to re-programmed immune cells.
A recent in-vivo study published in Nature Communications found that the nucleus accumbens, a part of the brain with weak connections, plays an unexpectedly influential role in enhancing the memory network. This research has implications for understanding diseases like Alzheimer's and brain cancer affecting cognitive functions.
The Pew scholars in the biomedical sciences will receive four-year grants to advance their explorations of biological mechanisms underpinning human health and disease. The research aims to solve biomedical puzzles including cancer, infectious diseases, and psychiatric disorders.
Researchers developed an algorithm to predict treatment effectiveness in individual patients using a molecular communication pathway. The study found that repurposing ruxolitinib, a drug approved for malignant blood disorders, can overcome resistance to measles virotherapy by increasing its effectiveness by a factor of 1,000.
Researchers propose novel molecular therapy to treat deadly pediatric brain cancer, effective in preclinical tests and humanized mouse models. The compound triggers DNA damage in cancer cells, disrupting telomere function and killing brain cancer stem cells.
A study found that targeted cancer drugs can cause cognitive and behavioral deficits in young mice, but these effects can be reversed with environmental stimulation and physical exercise. Researchers suggest that pediatric brain cancer patients may experience similar side effects, highlighting the need for remediation efforts.
Researchers have discovered how CAR-T cell therapy kills cancer cells, revealing a key mechanism that can inform the design of safer and more efficient treatments. The study could pave the way for the adaptation of CAR-T therapy to treat solid cancers, including notoriously hard-to-treat brain tumors.
Researchers have found that PD-1 inhibitors can be effective in treating supratentorial pediatric ependymoma, a type of brain cancer with poor prognosis. The study identified RELA-fusion as a genetic cause and showed that these tumors express high levels of PD-L1, which can be targeted by PD-1 inhibitors.
Researchers have discovered that three distinct varieties of the protein AKT play different roles in brain health, with AKT2 targeting brain cancer and AKT1 promoting memory formation. The study's findings hold promise for developing targeted therapies for conditions like Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.
A team of scientists has identified molecular super enhancers that regulate tumor development in ependymoma, a common type of brain cancer in children. By targeting these enhancers, researchers have shown promise in slowing down or stopping the growth of ependymoma cells.
Researchers have developed a novel laboratory model that replicates key hallmarks of pediatric high-grade glioma, a devastating illness and leading cause of death in children. Mutations in histone 3.3 are believed to play a pivotal role in its development, with the new model supporting the concept that cancer starts in utero.
Researchers found connections between Toxoplasma infection and neurodegenerative diseases, including altered GABAergic signaling and manipulated human olfactory receptors. The study also identified potential mechanisms by which the parasite may cause disease, providing insights for designing medicines and vaccines.
A study by University of Warwick finds a previously overlooked section of gene fusion FGFR3-TACC3 worsens cancer cells. Preventing cell signalling from this fusion may not be effective in cancer treatment research.
A multimodal optical spectroscopy probe has been developed to detect brain, lung, colon, and skin cancer cells with nearly 100% sensitivity. The probe's high accuracy enables surgeons to minimize cancer cells during surgery, improving patient outcomes and reducing the risk of recurrence.
Researchers found weakened cytokine interactions in blood samples of people who developed glioma, a type of brain cancer. This discovery could lead to earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment.
Researchers found that oleic acid stimulates miR-7 production, which prevents MSI2 from stopping it and helps form tumors.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center discovered that the enzyme ACSS2 enables brain tumors to thrive in a nutrient-deprived environment by converting acetate into a carbon-based food source. This finding offers new potential treatment approaches for this deadly disease.
Research from Ohio State University found a surprising relationship between blood sugar and brain tumors. While diabetes increases cancer risk at other sites, it lowers the risk of gliomas, the most common type of malignant brain tumor.
A new study by Johns Hopkins scientists reveals that nearly two-thirds of cancer mutations are caused by random DNA copying errors. The researchers developed a mathematical model based on DNA sequencing and epidemiologic data, estimating that 66% of cancer mutations result from copying errors.
Researchers found that patients without the ZEB1 gene tend to have lower survival rates, as this gene regulates tumor growth. The study's results could lead to more accurate prognoses and personalized treatments for brain cancer patients.
A pilot study published in the journal Cancer found that neurofeedback training reduced symptoms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in cancer survivors. The study used electroencephalogram (EEG) neurofeedback to retrain brain activity and resulted in measurable changes in targeted brain regions.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that cancer cells use the dynamin1 protein, once thought exclusive to neurons, to sustain rapid cell division and evade death signals. Aggressive cancer cells adapt neuronal mechanisms to thrive in a
Recent studies found that tumors exploit neuronal signals to grow and thrive. Researchers aim to develop targeted therapies by interrupting specific molecular pathways co-opted by tumor cells. This growing understanding sheds light on cancer pathology observations.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a new biomarker called SHOX2, which predicts poor survival in intermediate-grade gliomas. The finding has the potential to help doctors choose the best treatment and improve patient outcomes.
The study estimates 17.5 million cancer cases and 8.7 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2015, with prostate cancer being the most common in men and breast cancer in women. The report also highlights an increase in cancer incidence due to aging and demographic changes.
A national cohort study found that young cancer survivors (diagnosed before age 25) have a more than two-fold increased risk of suicide compared to their non-cancer peers. The study, led by Maria Winther Gunnes, analyzed data from over 1.2 million people born in Norway between 1965 and 1985.
Researchers identified altered proteins affecting gene expression as the driving force behind childhood ependymomas. This discovery provides a critical marker for predicting prognosis and offers a potential new therapy target.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have identified a group of existing drugs that reduce or eliminate childhood brain tumors while sparing normal brain tissue. The zebrafish animal model system developed by the researchers closely resembles an aggressive subtype of pediatric brain tumors.
A collaborative clinical trial will test the safety and efficacy of combination checkpoint inhibitors in treating children with brain tumors. The trial aims to reduce toxicities associated with standard treatments and improve long-term survival rates.
Researchers have identified neurotrophin signaling proteins as promising therapeutic targets and biomarkers for childhood cancers. These proteins, including BDNF and NGF, can inhibit tumor growth and make cancer cells more susceptible to chemotherapy, offering new hope for improved treatment outcomes.
Castro aims to develop novel immunotherapies for brain cancer using cutting-edge technology, including genetically engineered mouse models and gene transfer technologies. Her research focuses on understanding the tumor immune-microenvironment and its response to therapeutics.
Researchers at KU Leuven have developed a novel cell-based immunotherapy that combines chemotherapy, inducing specific type of cell death in brain cancer cells. This approach stimulates the immune system to attack and activate dendritic cells, resulting in a drastically increased survival rate of mice with brain tumors.
Researchers at Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center found that Gamma Knife and RapidArc radiation therapy for brain metastases produce similar results, with the latter being faster. This study offers patients a choice of treatments and highlights the importance of advanced radiosurgery technology in treating increasing cases of brain metastases.
A powerful three-way mechanism driving childhood brain cancer growth has been discovered by scientists. The MYB-QKI gene fusion is found in rare pediatric glioma subtype angiocentric glioma and drives tumor formation through abnormal expression, disruption of tumor suppression, and activation via a positive feedback loop.
Researchers have identified an abnormal fused gene that drives pediatric brain tumors through three distinct biological mechanisms. This finding may advance diagnosis and treatment by identifying the MYB-QKI fusion gene as a defining event in angiocentric glioma, allowing for targeted therapies.
The UPMC-developed GlioSeq test provides rapid and accurate profiling of genetic abnormalities in brain tumors, guiding treatment planning. This next-generation sequencing test identifies previously known alterations as well as new molecular markers, enabling personalized management of patients.
Researchers reveal brain cancer's highly organized structure, with glioma cells forming streams, swirls, and spheres to protect and spread tumor growth. These structures are not related to specific cancer mutations and can be targeted for treatment.
Two studies examined long-term outcomes in childhood and young adult cancer survivors, finding increased hospitalization rates for certain types of cancer. Long-term survivors also faced a higher risk of neurocognitive impairment, particularly those with osteosarcoma.
Researchers have invented a device that provides real-time augmented images under the microscope, allowing surgeons to clearly distinguish cancerous from healthy tissue. This technology can improve surgical accuracy and efficiency in brain cancer and aneurysm patients.
The new center aims to develop and translate new cancer care applications based on nanotechnology, focusing on melanoma and malignant brain cancers. Researchers will use Cornell dots, silica-organic hybrid nanoparticles, to improve cancer diagnostics, surgery, and targeted drug delivery.