Articles tagged with Brain Cancer
Researchers have found that targeting the GLI protein is more effective in treating medulloblastoma than previously thought, with a potential breakthrough in reducing tumor aggressiveness. The study's findings offer new hope for improving treatment outcomes and survival rates for children with this rare cancer.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a blood test that can detect multiple mutations associated with brain cancer, including EGFRvIII. The test showed high sensitivity and specificity, making it a powerful tool for diagnosing gliomas and monitoring tumor progression.
A study by Michigan Medicine researchers has identified oncostreams, highly active cells connected to brain tumor growth and invasion. The team found that eliminating Collagen 1 production from tumor cells reduces tumor aggressive behavior. This discovery could lead to novel therapeutic targets for treating lethal brain tumors.
A novel somatostatin-receptor targeting peptide has shown excellent imaging in patients with meningiomas, identifying previously undetected lesions. The new agent offers significant logistical advantages, including a longer half-life and large-scale production capabilities.
A new study finds that cancer patients are at a greater risk of developing diabetes, particularly those with lung, pancreatic, breast, brain, urinary tract, or uterine cancers. The study also shows that cancer patients who develop diabetes die sooner than survivors without diabetes.
A meta-analysis published in The Lancet Oncology suggests that targeted radiation therapy, which spares healthy brain tissue, is equitable to whole brain radiation therapy for patients with small cell lung cancer and brain metastases. This approach may improve their care experience with fewer negative cognitive consequences.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine developed a nanoparticle-based inhibitor that successfully triggers the immune system to eliminate brain tumors in mouse models. The approach breaks the shield built by glioma cells around the immune system, allowing the immune cells to attack and delay tumor progression.
The new center aims to advance a groundbreaking combination of focused ultrasound and cancer immunotherapy, potentially revolutionizing cancer treatment. The partnership will focus on overcoming existing limitations of immunotherapy and expanding treatment options for various types of cancer.
A new study from McGill University finds that people living near regions prone to wildfires may have a higher incidence of lung cancer and brain tumors. Exposure to carcinogenic wildfire pollutants on a chronic basis increases the risk of certain cancers, according to researchers.
A recent study published in Neuro-Oncology found that genomic profiling led to more aggressive patient management resulting in improved clinical outcomes compared to traditional biologically matched historical cohorts.
A study from the University of Pittsburgh found that methionine restriction can slow down the growth of difficult-to-treat brain tumors in children, known as diffuse midline gliomas. The researchers discovered that these tumors are uniquely dependent on methionine, an amino acid, and that depleting it can repress cancer cell growth.
Recent nanomedicines are being explored for brain cancer treatment due to their ability to improve bioavailability and evade the blood-brain barrier. These supramolecular nanomedicines show potential in promoting superior therapeutic effects by targeting brain tumors specifically.
The study reveals a narrowing gap between cancer profiles in China and the USA, with converging trends in lung, breast, and colorectal cancers. China's cancer burden is expected to rise, while the US has seen reduced rates since the 1990s due to effective prevention strategies.
Researchers at Okayama University have created a new method to kill cancer cells using light-activated protein AR3, reducing the risk of adverse reactions. The approach uses green light to trigger apoptosis in targeted cells, offering a promising alternative to conventional treatments.
Researchers collected hundreds of cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with Diffuse Midline Glioma, tracking changes in cell-free tumor DNA over time. The findings suggest that this method could provide data about tumors sooner than MRIs alone, allowing clinicians to address aggressive brain cancer more effectively.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered 110 genes, circular RNAs, lipids and metabolites that differ between medulloblastoma patients' cerebrospinal fluid and healthy controls. These findings provide proof of principle for novel biomarkers to detect and track the disease.
Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology created a 3D model of living brain cancer using cavitation molding technique. The model closely replicates human tissue and maintains cell viability, making it suitable for drug screening.
Scientists at University College London have developed a novel cancer therapy using magnetic seeds guided by an MRI scanner to heat and destroy tumours. The therapy, called MINIMA, has the potential to precisely treat hard-to-reach cancers with minimal side effects.
A study led by RCSI researchers found that almost half of tumours with metastatic breast cancer in the brain have changes in DNA repair pathways, making them vulnerable to PARP inhibitor drugs. This discovery opens up potential novel treatment strategies for patients with limited targeted therapy options.
Researchers discovered that cyclotides from violets increase the power of TMZ in killing glioblastoma cancer cells by up to eight-fold. This breakthrough could lead to better treatment options for patients with this fatal form of brain cancer.
Researchers have developed a novel combination of two drugs delivered in nanoparticles that extend the survival of mice with medulloblastoma. The treatment targets the mTOR pathway and reduces off-target toxicity, making it a potential less toxic alternative to current treatments.
A new study by WVU researcher William Walker found that the blood-brain barrier is dynamic and more receptive to chemotherapy at night. This could lead to better treatment outcomes for patients with brain metastasis.
A UC researcher is leading three projects to study the genetic workings of deadly pediatric brain tumors, including DIPG. The goal is to understand how genes regulate blood vessels and develop more effective treatments. Researchers are also exploring a new drug that targets a specific genetic mutation.
Researchers found that glioma cells with mutated ATRX have reduced Chk1 activity, leading to dysregulated cell cycle and heightened sensitivity to ATM inhibitors. The study suggests that combining radiation therapy with these inhibitors may improve treatment outcomes for patients with this gene mutation.
Researchers found that zika virus injections destroyed brain tumors in mice and reduced tumor size in cerebral organoids, with immune cells alerting the system to its existence. This approach opens up prospects for virotherapy treatment of central nervous system tumors.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that inhibiting the OR5B21 gene significantly decreased breast cancer metastasis to the brain, bones and lung. This discovery may lead to new therapeutic targets to prevent or delay breast cancer's spread.
A targeted cancer drug combination has shown clinically meaningful activity in patients with highly malignant brain tumors carrying the rare BRAF v600E mutation, including glioblastomas. The study yielded an encouraging response rate of 33% overall and 69% in low-grade gliomas.
Researchers at Children's National Hospital have successfully developed a personalized T cell immunotherapy that targets and kills unique proteins in individual tumor cells. This approach, combining genetic sequencing and protein identification, offers a promising treatment option for children with hard-to-treat brain tumors.
Researchers identified 166 prognostic biomarkers from long non-coding RNAs, with one biomarker, HOXA10-AS, showing high effectiveness in categorizing gliomas as low- or high-risk. The study provides potential therapeutic targets and insights into cancer biology.
A study found that patients from ethnic minority groups had lower mortality rates compared to white British people. Patients from Indian, Pakistani, and other ethnic backgrounds were 16-30% less likely to die within one year of diagnosis.
Researchers at UBC and BC Cancer developed a new test to distinguish between high-risk medulloblastoma cases requiring radiation therapy and lower-risk cases. This test has the potential to improve diagnosis and future treatment of childhood brain tumours worldwide, reducing unnecessary side effects and increasing cure rates.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have found that immune checkpoint inhibitors can generate promising results in patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMD), a rare complication of cancer. The treatment showed increased activity in cancer-killing immune cells and expression of particular genes within cells.
Pediatric oncologist Adam Green and his team have discovered genetic mutations that may predict the development of these secondary tumors, allowing for early detection and alternative treatments. They are also exploring FDA-approved chemotherapy drugs as potential treatments.
Researchers analyzed data from over 3,200 brain metastatic tumors and discovered that different types of cancer tend to spread to specific parts of the brain. The study's findings may help predict where a particular cancer will metastasize and inform treatment strategies.
A chemical engineer is developing a novel biomaterial that can mimic the response of pediatric brain cancers to different approaches, allowing for customized treatment plans. The material will be designed to simulate the growth environment of cancer cells inside a tumor and can be used with patient-derived cells.
A modified ketogenic diet was found to be safe and feasible for people with brain tumors called astrocytomas. The diet led to changes in metabolism in the body and brain, including decreased hemoglobin A1c levels, increased lean body mass, and alterations in brain metabolites.
A study coordinated by the University of Trento identified the cell of origin of medulloblastoma, a common and aggressive childhood brain cancer. The researchers used organoids, three-dimensional models of tumor tissue, to understand the genetic mechanisms responsible for this type of brain cancer.
Researchers found a highly effective treatment for high-risk neuroblastoma and other forms of aggressive childhood cancer. The combination of CBL0137 and panobinostat resulted in remarkable growth suppression and an immune response that targeted cancer cells.
Australian researchers have discovered a new therapeutic approach for treating Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG), a currently incurable brain cancer in children. Using the anti-cancer compound CBL0137, which targets the key genetic driver of DIPG, has shown promising results in both laboratory tests and animal models.
A large-scale study found that people living in areas with high background radiation had a 2.5-year longer life expectancy and lower rates of certain cancers, including lung, pancreatic, colon, and rectal cancer. The researchers suggest re-evaluating the linear no-threshold paradigm for low-dose radiation.
A novel combination treatment approach has shown encouraging results in mice with tumors similar to human astrocytomas. The treatment, which blocks D-2-HG production and inhibits an immune checkpoint protein, led to tumor regression in 60% of treated animals, improving survival rates.
A new study suggests a link between Toxoplasma gondii infection and the risk of glioma, a type of brain cancer, in adults. Researchers found that people with glioma were more likely to have antibodies to T.gondii than those without the disease.
A new study will investigate the safety of proton therapy for children with brain cancer compared to conventional x-ray radiation. The researchers aim to assess the risk of developmental disorders in children as a result of using proton beams to treat paediatric brain tumours.
A new study suggests that controlling two proteins, ANP32E and H2AZ, could prevent cancer by regulating cell division and tumor growth. With high levels of H2AZ found in breast and brain cancers, targeting these proteins may make cancer cells more sensitive to anti-cancer drugs or immune-system attack.
Scientists identify how single gene loss fuels deadly childhood brain cancer by studying human stem cells and neural development. The study reveals that the loss of SMARCB1 leads to resistance to final cell differentiation and defect in maintaining normal cell health.
Researchers have discovered genes that facilitate the penetration of cancer cells into the brain, a process that complicates cancer treatment. The study highlights potential targets for therapy, including enzymes and microRNAs involved in disrupting blood-brain barrier integrity.
A highly sensitive blood test can accurately diagnose and classify different types of brain tumours without the need for tissue samples. This breakthrough has the potential to transform patient care by providing more accurate diagnosis, less invasive methods and better treatment planning.
A study found increased cancer risks in two regions of Switzerland, particularly brain tumors, due to localized factors. The research suggests a need for intensified search for environmental risk factors and separate consideration of different brain tumor subgroups.
A new study has identified a potent Nrf2 inhibitor, triptolide, as a promising therapeutic approach for IDH1-mutated glioma. The research reveals that disrupting the glutathione synthesis pathway establishes synergistic lethality with a neomorphic IDH1 mutation.
Researchers found that osimertinib, commonly used to treat non-small cell lung cancer, showed benefits for patients with metastatic brain cancers, with 64% experiencing a measurable response and 90% disease control in the central nervous system.
A study published in Neuro-Oncology Advances suggests that chemotherapy can be effective against diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a devastating childhood brain cancer. Researchers found that the medicine reaches DIPG tissue in good quantities, offering new hope for treatment.
A study confirms racial disparities in treatment outcomes for pediatric brain cancer patients, with Black and Hispanic patients facing poorer prognoses after diagnosis and treatment, regardless of stage at diagnosis.
A new study led by TGen suggests that tumor microenvironment plays a vastly under-studied role in cancer development and growth. By analyzing genetic sequencing, single-cell analysis, and high-resolution medical imaging, researchers can provide timely information on how to best attack each patient's cancer.
The University of Trento led a research study to create in vitro tumor models using organoids, which can show signs of disease and provide a model of tumors affecting young patients. The study confirmed the key role of two proteins and investigated therapeutic options, making it possible to advance brain cancer research.
Scientists are exploring genetic changes that make brain tumors resistant to BRAF inhibitors, a common treatment for certain types of brain cancer. The study aims to identify new potential targets for combination therapy to keep cancers from developing resistance.
Researchers found that surgically removing the entire tumor can boost median survival length from eight months to 16 months or more. The study analyzed data from 103 patients and suggests surgery may be a viable treatment option for brainstem high-grade gliomas, which are rare and deadly brain cancers.
A new study from Massachusetts General Hospital suggests that glowing particles in the blood of patients with brain cancer may be used to diagnose and monitor the disease. The discovery uses a substance called 5-aminolevulinic acid, which makes tumor cells fluorescent, allowing for non-invasive blood tests.
A study published in Acta Neuropathologica has identified an epigenetic lesion called NSUN5 that can predict good clinical course in 15% of patients with gliomas, a type of brain cancer. The researchers found that this alteration allows the tumor to grow slowly and enables patients to survive longer.
Researchers have discovered a new type of drug that targets the genetic weakness in 'diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma', a devastating childhood brain cancer. The treatment also shows promise for patients with stone man syndrome, a rare genetic disease where muscles and ligaments turn to bone. Clinical trials are expected to begin in 2021.
Research analyzed rates of brain metastases in elderly patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. The study found that these cancers carry a significant risk of developing brain metastases later in life, with varying rates among primary cancer types.