Articles tagged with Cancer
A new clinical trial, RECIPROCAL, seeks to optimize targeted radiation therapy for men with advanced prostate cancer by adjusting treatment based on individual PSA levels. The trial aims to minimize side effects while preserving survival benefits.
Researchers at Columbia University developed an inhalable nanotherapy called BEAT that delivers two therapeutic proteins to the lungs to target cancer cells. The treatment showed better retention in the lungs and dramatically suppressed tumor growth compared to a systemically delivered approach.
Researchers discover Vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid compromises anti-cancer immune response, but develop inhibitor KyA33 to restore DC maturation and function. The compound boosts efficacy of dendritic cell vaccines in preclinical studies.
A large-scale international study has deciphered a mechanism enabling breast cancer to metastasize to the brain. Researchers identified a specific chromosomal alteration predicting high likelihood of brain metastases and found that the absence of functional p53 gene impairs brain environment adaptation.
Two studies found that elevated bacteria levels in tumors weaken immune response, driving resistance to immunotherapy. Researchers are now exploring how to identify patients most likely to benefit from immunotherapy and develop targeted interventions to restore its effectiveness.
Leukemia prevalence increased by 28.0% globally from 1990 to 2021, alongside a 16.2% decline in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent subtype, while acute myeloid leukemia (AML) contributes the largest proportion of DALYs.
Polysaccharide-based microneedles have been shown to effectively deliver anti-cancer agents directly into the skin, targeting rich networks of immune cells. The microneedle matrix itself can also modulate these immune cells, creating a powerful dual-action therapy.
Researchers at Kanazawa University have developed a new combination therapy that combines CAR-T cell therapy with a SUMOylation inhibitor, which effectively suppresses MYC activity and slows the growth of Burkitt's lymphoma cells. The approach extends survival rates in mouse models by up to 80%.
Researchers discovered a mechanism allowing melanoma cancer cells to paralyze immune cells by secreting extracellular vesicles, which can disrupt immune cell activity and even kill them. This breakthrough has promising therapeutic implications, enabling strengthening of immune cells and blocking molecules that enable vesicle adhesion.
Early gastric cancer cells become self-sufficient by producing WNT7B, creating a self-sustaining loop and activating WNT signaling internally. This mechanism is triggered by MAPK signaling activation and has been validated in genetically engineered mouse models and human patient-derived organoids.
A new study validates OVCAR3 as a reliable model for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, providing insights into disease behavior and potential therapeutic targets. The research also explores the effects of repurposed drugs on ovarian cancer cells, revealing promising results for treatment responses.
A large comparative study found that even low daily alcohol intake increases mouth cancer risk by 50% in India, with locally brewed drinks posing the greatest threat. Chewing tobacco use is also a major contributor to this risk, accounting for up to 62% of cases.
The 2024 report shows improved care quality and accessibility across China, with a rise in early gastrointestinal cancer detection and improved colonoscopy quality indicators. Despite progress, regional disparities persist and costly treatments for IBD remain a challenge.
A new study from Texas A&M University reveals that circadian disruptions change the structure of mammary glands, weaken immune defenses, and fuel aggressive breast cancer. Disabling an immune checkpoint molecule called LILRB4 helps restore the immune system's ability to fight back.
A new MIT study shows that high-fat diets cause liver cells to revert to an immature state, making them more susceptible to cancer-causing mutations. This reversion is driven by genes that help the cells survive stressful conditions, but ultimately increases their likelihood of becoming cancerous.
A new study by researchers from the Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute provides a comparative analysis of the impact of BRAF gene mutations in melanoma and colorectal cancer. The review highlights molecular, cellular, and tumour microenvironment factors that explain the therapeutic dichotomy between the two tumour types.
Researchers at Lund University have discovered a cell's protective mechanism against excessive hydrogen peroxide, a key free radical. The study shows that the channel in the cell membrane closes automatically when high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide are detected, preventing damage and cell death.
The study reveals that MCL1 directly influences the mTORC1 complex, controlling bioenergetics and tumorigenesis in cancer cells. Genetic analyses also show that MCL1 inhibitors inhibit mTOR signaling, addressing a previously unresolved problem in cancer therapy.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center developed a new treatment that selectively targets TRBC2-positive T-cell cancers, preserving approximately 40%–60% of normal T cells. The therapy, an antibody-drug conjugate, provides a long-sought therapeutic option for half of T-cell lymphomas and leukemias.
A deep learning framework called PRTS accurately predicts single-cell-resolution spatial transcriptomics from H&E-stained histology images. The model identifies 21 cell subtypes in mouse brain and maintains prediction accuracy in human breast and lung cancer tissues.
CORAL accurately predicts genetic subtypes and patient outcomes in multiple myeloma without costly genomic tests. The technology could be applied to other cancers, opening the door to personalized, faster and widely accessible cancer care.
A systematic review found that pancreatic cancer surgery significantly increases the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), particularly in patients with known risk factors. The study analyzed 45 studies and found an overall incidence of NODM of 24.5%, with a higher rate in those who underwent distal pancreatectomy.
Researchers will investigate how HIV and cancer drugs damage brain cells over time, identifying potential early biomarkers of neurotoxicity. They will use human brain organoids grown in the lab to mimic brain physiology.
A new study has found that radioactive seed localization (RSL) is an effective and comfortable alternative to traditional wire localization for breast cancer surgery. Patients who received RSL reported less pain and anxiety, while surgeons rated the technique as more convenient and satisfying to perform.
A review of anti-diabetic medications reveals complex mechanisms influencing cancer progression through cell proliferation, immune function, and inflammation. The findings highlight potential therapeutic strategies and underscore the need for further research into diabetes treatments and cancer outcomes.
A new approach integrates multimodal data, AI, and insights from traditional Chinese medicine to predict cancer risk and identify early biomarkers. This 'pan-cancer exceedingly-early' strategy offers a promising avenue for personalized early prevention.
Researchers at Kyoto University identified five molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer stem cells and developed a practical prognostic indicator, the general colorectal cancer signature (GCS), to predict patient outcomes. The GCS was validated with a novel orthotopic xenograft mouse model and showed promising clinical significance.
Researchers at EPFL have developed two bioengineering approaches that exploit extracellular vesicles to train dendritic cells to identify cancer cells without the need for tumor material. The approaches, published in Nature Communications and Science Translational Medicine, show promising results in enhancing cancer immunotherapy.
A new ultrasound technology developed at Johns Hopkins University can distinguish fluid from solid breast masses with near perfect accuracy, improving the diagnostic certainty of radiologists. In initial tests, doctors accurately identified masses 96% of the time, compared to 67% with traditional tools.
A virtual diet and exercise program has been shown to reduce treatment side effects and increase treatment retention, according to a Sylvester study presented at ASH 2025. Lifestyle interventions can also help patients with blood cancers such as MDS and large B-cell lymphoma receive more effective and less toxic treatments.
Researchers from MIT and Broad Institute develop temporary 'factory' in the liver to generate T-cell-stimulating signals, boosting immune response to vaccination and cancer immunotherapy treatments. Aged mice showed significant increases in T cell population size and function after treatment.
Researchers used machine learning to combine clinical data with biological markers, achieving 89.58% accuracy in predicting patient survival. The study identified key markers such as E2F8, WDR77, and hsa-miR-495-3p, which were associated with tumor growth and cancer development.
Chronic pain prevalence differs between rural and urban adult cancer survivors, with rural areas showing higher rates despite having fewer resources. Limited access to pain specialists and insurance challenges contribute to these disparities.
Researchers developed a new diagnostic chip that can detect tumor cells in blood, allowing for real-time monitoring of brain cancer treatment effectiveness. The GlioExoChip uses extracellular vesicles to assess treatment response, providing a quick and minimally invasive way to inform doctors about chemotherapy efficacy.
Researchers have developed a new strategy to target mRNA cancer vaccines by teaching the immune system to recognize and destroy tumors. The treatment uses chimeric nanobodies that bind to tumor surface proteins, releasing mRNA that stimulates an immune response against cancer cells.
Research from the UMBERTO Project found that adopting healthy lifestyles such as eating well, exercising regularly and maintaining a balanced weight significantly reduced cancer mortality. The study showed a strong link between traditional cardiovascular risk factors and survival in people with a history of cancer.
Researchers at the University of Houston have discovered a potential therapeutic strategy for counteracting muscle wasting in pancreatic cancer by blocking a specific cell pathway. Muscle wasting, also known as cachexia, is a debilitating syndrome affecting 60-85% of patients with pancreatic cancer.
Studies show that patients with advanced ovarian and metastatic breast cancer dedicate approximately 7 hours per week to cancer-related tasks. Most participants report performing these tasks daily, impacting their time burden. The use of a mobile app facilitated the collection of detailed time-use data.
Researchers at the University of Geneva have created a laboratory platform to rapidly evaluate the toxicity of new cancer treatments using human tissue-derived cell clusters. This approach allows for safer evaluation and could lead to personalized treatment options.
Researchers at The Hospital for Sick Children have identified a non-coding gene called CISTR-ACT that regulates cell size. By exploring its molecular mechanism, the team found that CISTR-ACT guides a protein called FOSL2 to bind to other genes, controlling cell growth and development.
A new study led by Harvard Medical School researchers found that AI models analyzing pathology samples can infer demographic information, leading to biased diagnoses. The team developed a framework called FAIR-Path to reduce bias in these models, which showed improved performance across demographics.
Researchers developed a new way to stimulate the immune system to attack tumor cells by blocking an immune checkpoint. They created multifunctional molecules called AbLecs, which combine a lectin with a tumor-targeting antibody, and showed they could boost the immune response to cancer cells.
A blood test may help doctors identify which patients with colon cancer can benefit from anti-inflammatory medication and chemotherapy after surgery. The test measures circulating tumor DNA levels, and high-risk patients who test positive see improved survival rates when taking celecoxib with chemotherapy.
Researchers discovered glioblastoma cells use PRDM9 to survive chemotherapy and regrow tumors. By blocking PRDM9 or cutting off cholesterol supply, persister cells can be wiped out, improving survival in mice. This breakthrough offers new strategies for treating the deadliest brain cancer.
Researchers found that alcohol causes DNA damage, which can lead to cancer, and discovered a repair mechanism using the SXE enzyme complex. Individuals with genetic mutations affecting DNA repair may be more susceptible to alcohol-related cancers.
Researchers discovered that a bacterium isolated from Japanese tree frogs has complete tumor-eliminating properties. The study found that this bacterium attacks cancer through two mechanisms, selectively accumulating in tumors and evading the immune system.
The BRIDGE Program provides coordinated support across disease types to address the rising issue of early-onset cancer, offering fertility counseling, genomic testing, and community education. The program also fuels research into tumor biology and outcomes for younger patients affected by cancer.
Researchers have created an mRNA system that activates therapeutic genes in specific cell populations, potentially leading to safer and more precise cancer treatments. The system uses microRNAs to recognize cancer cells and shuts off the treatment if it's not needed, reducing toxicity and expanding mRNA therapy's reach.
A global study found that patients with mature nodal T-cell lymphoma who relapsed within 12 months of initial treatment had worse survival outcomes, but improved survival when treated with targeted therapies instead of chemotherapy. The results suggest the need for personalized treatment strategies for high-risk patients.
Maher El-Kady's work on sustainable energy storage technologies aims to create a cleaner, more accessible future. Dr. Dennis Slamon's breakthroughs in breast cancer treatment have benefited millions worldwide, highlighting the impact of UCLA researchers on global health and innovation.
Researchers have made significant progress in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that target specific gene mutations. These treatments have shown effectiveness across various patient groups and improved outcomes for those with actionable mutations.
Researchers at the University of Plymouth investigate why drugs used to treat other tumours are ineffective against NF2-related schwannoma and meningioma tumours. They explore repurposing clinically tested cancer drugs to target MDR mechanisms, which may lead to effective therapies for patients with these tumours.
Chromatin accessibility maps reveal that MDS stem cells gradually lose their normal identity and acquire characteristics typical of myeloid progenitors. A 'progenitor score' developed by the team tracks cell movement toward a progenitor-like state, correlating with disease severity and prognosis.
The grant aims to increase individual screenings and change how health systems embed evidence-based screening practices into everyday operations. PA-CARES will work with trusted organizations in 28 counties with the lowest screening rates to implement effective screening options and facilitate timely linkage to care.
Researchers have identified the enzyme N4BP2 as the key driver of chromothripsis, a process in which cancer cells rapidly evolve and become resistant to treatment. The study reveals that tumors with high N4BP2 expression exhibit significantly more chromothripsis and structural rearrangements.
Research from Florida Atlantic University strengthens evidence that alcohol consumption increases cancer risk, particularly for breast, colorectal, and liver cancers. Higher intake and specific groups, such as African Americans and those with obesity or diabetes, are found to be more vulnerable to the risks.
The study found that the investigational vaccine produced an immune response in 74% of participants and was safe and well-tolerated. A Phase 2 study is planned to evaluate the vaccine's efficacy, offering new hope for triple-negative breast cancer treatment.
Researchers have found that CAR T-cell therapy with cilta-cel leads to higher rates of complete remission and longer progression-free survival compared to ide-cel. Treatment success is linked to factors such as tumour burden, T-cell fitness, and systemic inflammation.
CEMIP is associated with the breakdown of myelin, a protective sheath around nerve cells. Elevated levels of the enzyme inhibit myelin regeneration in people with multiple sclerosis. Researchers hope targeting CEMIP may promote central nervous system repair and slow disease progression.
MIT researchers have found a new way to create solid particles of highly concentrated antibodies, suspended in a solution, which can be injected using a standard syringe. This advance could make antibody treatments more convenient and accessible for patients, particularly older people with difficulty visiting hospitals.