Articles tagged with Cancer
Researchers at City of Hope have made significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment, immune system regulation and early disease detection. A study found that subtle RNA changes can shape cancer behavior, opening new avenues for precision oncology. In contrast, combining immunotherapy with chemoradiation did not improve survival rates f...
Researchers used DNA barcoding to track cancer cells in solid and liquid biopsies, finding that tumour heterogeneity varies widely depending on necrosis and tumour burden. This study suggests that combining both strategies may provide a more accurate representation of the disease.
A UCalgary study found that adding high doses of vitamin B3 to the treatment plan may help rejuvenate compromised immune cells to kill tumour cells. The clinical trial showed promising results, with 82% of participants free of cancer progression at six-months.
Scientists have identified the FOXO1-KLHL6 axis as a novel therapeutic target to enhance T cell-mediated immune response against tumors. The research found that persistent T cell receptor signaling suppresses the transcription factor FOXO1, leading to the downregulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase KLHL6 and promoting T cell exhaustion.
A global study found that ropeginterferon alfa-2b controls essential thrombocythemia effectively, improves symptoms and reduces serious complications in patients who can't use hydroxyurea. The therapy is expected to be approved for treatment of high-risk blood cancer.
A cohort study found combined GLP-1RA and progestin therapy reduces endometrial cancer risk in women with benign uterine pathology or endometrial hyperplasia. The study suggests potential benefits of this treatment approach for nonmalignant uterine diseases.
Researchers found that an experimental compound SB-216 reduced the growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells by inhibiting oncogenic microtubules and mitochondrial function. This approach may reduce cancer cell adaptation and survival.
A breakthrough study has discovered a genetic defect that weakens the esophageal lining, making it vulnerable to acid damage. The discovery offers new hope for esophageal cancer patients and provides a potential screening tool for family members at high risk of developing the condition.
Dr. David Gius, a renowned physician-scientist and radiation oncologist, has been appointed as the new director of the University of Cincinnati Cancer Center. He brings a robust research portfolio, including active clinical trials and NIH grants, to enhance regional access to superlative care.
A major study has shown that tumour stage at diagnosis is strongly linked to childhood cancer survival across six different cancers. Researchers analysed data from 9,883 children in 27 countries and found significant variation in three-year survival rates between regions, particularly in the UK and Ireland.
Researchers found that PSMA PET/CT scans can help guide treatment planning and improve long-term outcomes for patients with recurring prostate cancer. The study suggests that incorporating these scans into routine care may lead to better results and reduced side effects.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have found that the ABCA1 protein plays a crucial role in directing how myeloid immune cells, particularly macrophages, behave. When ABCA1 is expressed, these cells become better at fighting cancer and supporting T cell function.
Advanced Cancer Research defines a platform for integrating molecular biology, genomics, immunology, engineering, and computational science to understand cancer as a complex disease. The journal prioritizes studies that provide mechanistic depth and bridge disciplinary boundaries.
A study found that 60.8% of American women prefer in-clinic cervical cancer screening, while 20.4% opt for at-home self-sampling. Marginalized groups, including those with low income and distrust of healthcare systems, are more likely to choose at-home options.
A new study reveals the CDK12-FOXA1-MDM2-p53 signaling axis promotes prostate cancer development through FOXA1 modification. The study identifies S234 phosphorylation as a critical site, and a CDK12 inhibitor THZ531 effectively blocks this pathway, reducing tumor growth.
Scientists at UNIGE discovered that neutrophils, a type of immune cell, undergo reprogramming to produce chemokine CCL3, promoting cancer growth. This mechanism appears to be a major variable in tumour biology and could serve as an indicator of disease progression.
A new computational tool called PRISM (Precise Identification of Species of the Microbiome) has been developed to settle the controversy over whether microorganisms truly reside in tumors. The tool uses rapid screening and machine-learning models to distinguish genuine microbial signals from artifacts.
A recent cohort study found that individuals diagnosed with cancer in 2020 and 2021 experienced worse short-term survival rates compared to those diagnosed between 2015 and 2019. The study suggests substantial harms associated with cancer care disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Tumor-associated neutrophils assume multiple functional states, but one gene expression program supports cancer cell survival and tumor progression across tumor types. A biomarker called CCL3 functionally supports cancer growth by engaging a receptor on the surface of TANs to transmit signals that drive them toward an aged state.
Researchers developed BrainIAC, a robust AI foundation model that analyzes brain MRI datasets to identify key neurological health indicators. The tool outperformed conventional AI models in diverse tasks, including predicting dementia risk and detecting brain tumor mutations.
Engineered yeast cells can mimic real cancer cells and be used to test new cancer immunotherapies much faster and cheaper than before. This new technology enables researchers to assess which CAR T variants are most promising much more quickly, leading to safer and more targeted cancer treatments.
A new study reveals that the surrounding microenvironment plays a crucial role in driving basal cell development, leading to treatment failure. The study also discovers intermediate tumor subtypes that could lead to new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at Salk Institute uncover two transcription factors, ZSCAN20 and JDP2, that determine T cell fate. Turning off these genes reverses T cell exhaustion and restores their ability to kill tumors without losing immune memory. The study challenges the long-standing belief of inevitable immune exhaustion.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have identified a molecule that blocks the gene responsible for glioblastoma, a fast-growing and deadly brain cancer. The compound shows promise in preventing the invasive cancer from spreading through the brain without causing harm to healthy tissue.
A Mass General Brigham-led study found that integrating feedback and personalized palliative care can improve the quality of life for children with advanced cancer. The study showed significant improvements in symptoms and well-being for patients who received the intervention, highlighting the potential benefits of early palliative care.
A UCLA research team has identified the best design for a promising new type of immunotherapy that could be mass-produced to treat multiple solid tumors. The 4-1BB-containing CAR design emerged as superior, demonstrating strongest anti-tumor activity and persistence.
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has committed to updating its robust information resources for cancer patients and caregivers annually, available in both English and Spanish. The updated resources will provide factual, trustworthy information to guide patients and caregivers towards their best possible outcome.
Researchers have established that Candida albicans fungus makes melanoma more aggressive by activating signaling pathways and creating conditions for malignant cells to acquire oxygen and energy. The study's findings suggest potential new avenues for cancer treatment using antifungal therapies.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center developed a new zinc oxide formulation that significantly reduces the white, chalky cast associated with traditional mineral sunscreens. The tetrapod-shaped particles provide strong protection against UV radiation while staying evenly distributed in the sunscreen.
George Coukos directs the Ludwig Laboratory for Cell Therapy at Weill Cornell Medicine's Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center. The lab focuses on developing personalized cellular immunotherapies to optimize cancer treatment strategies.
A new study suggests that women vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV) may only need cervical cancer screenings 2-3 times over a lifetime, without compromising health benefits. This approach could lead to cost-effectiveness and reduced unnecessary follow-up procedures.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have developed a novel liquid biopsy approach to identify early-stage cancers by measuring DNA methylation patterns. The Epigenetic Instability Index (EII) successfully distinguished patients with early-stage lung and breast cancers from healthy individuals, showing promise in detecting...
Researchers developed polygenic risk score models to predict breast cancer risk in women of African ancestry, improving accuracy and performance compared to existing models. The new tools could lead to earlier screening, tailored care, and increased survival rates for high-risk women.
Researchers created a miniaturized ultrasound system that can be used at home or in doctors' offices to scan people at high risk of breast cancer. The new system detects tumors earlier, increasing the chances of successful treatment.
Key cytokines in tumor microenvironment exhibit both protumor and antitumor effects, influencing immune response and tumor progression. Current research focuses on reducing toxicity while enhancing efficacy of cytokine therapies.
Breakthrough research recommends that more than one N1 node be removed and evaluated during surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study found that many cancers were identified in N1 nodes adjacent to the bronchi, highlighting the need for expanded lymph node evaluation.
Vinay Badhwar, MD, was elected President of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons with a three-part framework emphasizing daily practice excellence, data-driven science, and measurable impact. He aims to advance collaboration across surgical disciplines and integrate the specialty into the broader healthcare ecosystem.
Researchers identified a crucial factor that may help improve treatment for glioblastoma, one of the most aggressive and common forms of adult brain cancer. They discovered a small molecule called miR-181d acts like a master switch that controls how much MGMT is produced by each glioblastoma cell.
A review decodes the comprehensive role of GDF15 in prostate cancer metabolism, chemoresistance, and clinical applications, highlighting its involvement in cachexia, bone metastasis, and drug resistance. The study also explores the synergistic power of combining GDF15 with established markers for improved diagnosis and prognosis.
Researchers have developed a four-marker panel that can detect early-stage pancreatic cancer with high accuracy, potentially improving survival rates. The new test distinguishes cancer patients from healthy individuals and those with non-cancerous conditions, such as pancreatitis.
A cross-sectional analysis of nationwide population data reveals that high-deductible health plans are associated with worse overall and cancer-specific survival among cancer survivors. The study suggests that financial disincentives for medical care may lead to delayed or foregone necessary care, ultimately worsening cancer outcomes.
Researchers found that certain gut bacteria can deplete amino acids, affecting tumor growth or activating immune cells. Tailoring diets and microbiome strategies may enhance anti-tumor activity and support personalized therapy.
A recent study found that low-dose aspirin use was not associated with incident cancer incidence in older adults, contrary to previous findings. However, the study revealed a significant elevation in cancer mortality risk during the randomized clinical trial period, which did not persist after the trial ended.
Biologist Douglas Hanahan proposes an updated framework to help understand the complexity of human cancer. The new framework, known as Hallmarks of Cancer, offers a four-dimensional approach to analyzing cancer development and progression.
A new clinical trial shows that treating desmoplastic melanoma with immunotherapy before surgery dramatically shrinks or eliminates tumors, improving quality of life for patients. The study found that 71% of patients had no detectable cancer remaining at the time of surgery.
A study led by researchers from the Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute has identified PARG as a new target to enhance chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Inhibition of PARG significantly increases the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy, leading to enhanced cell death and apoptosis in different colorectal cancer models.
Researchers identified statins as a potential booster for cancer immunotherapy by preventing the release of PD-L1-containing sEVs. Statin treatment suppressed UBL3 modification, reduced PD-L1 sorting into sEVs, and improved survival outcomes in lung cancer patients.
Researchers developed a new framework called SOLVE to overcome data challenges in precision cancer treatment. By jointly modeling known and unknown factors, SOLVE provides a robust tool for biomarker discovery and investigating tumor responses.
Researchers developed miniature 3D tumor organoid models that closely mimic the human brain, revealing how glioblastoma interacts with surrounding brain cells and immune system. The models identified PTPRZ1 as a key regulator of tumor behavior, which helps determine its aggressiveness.
Cancer cells tap into the nervous system's power grid by forming synaptic contacts with nerve cells, promoting tumor growth and spread. Venkataramani's research aims to repurpose the drug perampanel for glioblastoma treatment and develop gene therapy approaches to disconnect tumors from the nervous system.
A new AI-powered model predicts patient survival and risk stratification for spinal metastasis, allowing for more informed treatment decisions. The model achieved high predictive accuracy using large-scale clinical data from Japanese patients.
Researchers at UC San Francisco found that spindle fibers can repair themselves as they pull on DNA, ensuring accurate chromosome division. This self-repair mechanism replaces weak links with stronger ones, preventing errors that could lead to cancer or birth defects.
Researchers developed a novel way to identify aggressive cancer cells by observing how they physically interact with their environment. The new technology uses specially designed microscopic surfaces to distinguish between aggressive and less aggressive cells.
Researchers at Tohoku University designed optimized solvents that improve drug delivery to metastatic lymph nodes, promoting blood flow and expanding the lymphatic sinus as a drug pathway. These findings support the clinical application of Lymphatic Drug Delivery Systems (LDDS) in cancer treatment.
Researchers at Brown University discovered that the shape of spheroid aggregates influences cell behavior, with cells invading outward from sharper ends. The study used fluorescent proteins to track cell movement and measured forces exerted by cells as they move.
This review analyzes molecular mechanisms of DDR pathways in mediating chemotherapy resistance, elucidating correlations with BRCA1/2 deficiency and ATM/ATR signaling pathway dysregulation. The study presents a novel molecular synergy model between DDR regulation and Immune Checkpoint Blockade to enhance immunotherapy responses.
A real-world study compared LLMs to human physicians in challenging lung cancer cases, finding that LLMs excel in rare cases with high comprehensiveness and specificity scores. However, they struggle with refractory cases, where physicians' reasoning stability is crucial.
Researchers found that circadian regulation shapes tumor microenvironment and determines patient responses to immune checkpoint blockade therapies. Disrupting these rhythms can suppress immune responses and diminish treatment efficacy.
Researchers summarize the role of metabolic reprogramming in driving prostate cancer progression, highlighting key regulators and inter-pathway crosstalk mechanisms. Novel targeted therapeutic strategies targeting glucose, glutamine, and lipid metabolism are proposed to overcome current treatment bottlenecks.
The study reveals that orphan non-coding RNAs (oncRNAs) exist across all major cancer types and can be used as digital molecular barcodes to capture cancer cell identity. The research also identifies oncRNAs that drive cancer progression, with some showing promise as biomarkers for monitoring patients.