Articles tagged with Colon Cancer
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University have identified three glycosyltransferases, B3GNT2, B4GALT2, and ST6GALNAC2, as significant mutational targets in colon cancer. These findings suggest that functionally deleterious mutations in these genes contribute to aberrant glycosylation and tumor progression.
Researchers at ETH Zurich discovered that sulforaphane, a broccoli ingredient, increases the concentration of enzymes in colon cancer cells, making it more effective for chemotherapy. This natural compound can reduce medication doses and is non-toxic with no unwanted side effects.
A recent study found that over half of elderly colorectal cancer patients receive ineffective treatments, leading to significant financial burdens. The study examined data from over 20,000 Medicare patients between 2000 and 2009, revealing a 32% increase in treatment costs and only a one-month increase in median survival.
A team of scientists has produced a structural movie showing the creation of S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a major methyl donor in the body that plays a role in some cancers. The research provides insight into how this enzyme synthesizes SAMe and highlights it as an excellent therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered that gut inflammation sparks colon cancer, with microRNA miR-34a playing a crucial role in controlling stem cell division. Elevated levels of miR-34a may serve as an early warning system for colon cancer, and its expression could be used to treat late-stage cancer.
A study analyzing billing data found that nearly 29% of patients undergoing colonoscopy had a pre-procedure office visit, resulting in increased healthcare costs. Office visits were more common among patients with higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores and were associated with a diagnosis of screening or preoperative evaluation.
University of Oklahoma researchers discovered that chromosome instability is a key player in the development of colon cancer. By analyzing gene expression signatures and pathways, they found promising findings for new treatments and prevention strategies. The study's results bring excitement to the field of cancer research and may have...
A new biomarker, CDX2, has been identified that predicts which stage II colon cancer patients may benefit from chemotherapy. The study found that tumors lacking CDX2 expression were more likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy than those with CDX2 expression.
Researchers have identified a biomarker, CDX2, that can predict which Stage II colon cancer patients are most likely to benefit from chemotherapy after surgery. The study found that patients without CDX2 had poorer outcomes, but those treated with chemotherapy had improved survival rates.
Researchers found that family members of CUP patients have a higher risk of developing cancers such as lung, pancreas, and colon cancer. The study identified specific sites where these cancers may originate, providing new guidance for physicians and potentially improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that vitamin A can reactivate the HOXA5 protein in cancer cells, eliminating relapse and metastasis. This approach offers a new way to treat colon cancer by targeting a specific biological mechanism.
A study published in Cell Reports reveals that the Musashi genes MSI1 and MSI2 play a key role in colon cancer development, acting redundantly with the Wnt pathway. Inhibiting these proteins blocks tumor growth in both human cells and mice, suggesting potential new targets for effective treatment.
A city-wide initiative in NYC increased colorectal cancer screening colonoscopy rates from 42% to 62% and eliminated disparities based on race/ethnicity. The program included public education, outreach to healthcare providers, and culturally tailored campaigns to boost awareness and overcome hurdles to effective screening.
A new study from Group Health Research Institute shows that mailing yearly stool kits to patients boosts lifesaving screening for colon cancer. The approach increased screening rates from less than four in 10 to over half of patients who had never had a colonoscopy and were overdue for screening.
The FDA has approved talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), a herpes cold sore virus designed to kill tumor cells, as a treatment for late-stage melanoma. The therapy showed a durable response in 16% of patients, with some experiencing no signs of cancer after treatment.
A study found that bariatric surgery slashed participants' weight by a third and eliminated precancerous uterine growths in those that had them. It also improved insulin levels and glucose use, altering the composition of gut bacteria.
A Mayo Clinic study found that genetic differences among races affect colon cancer recurrence. Tumors from whites were twice as likely to have BRAF mutations, while black tumors had the highest frequency of KRAS mutations, leading to a higher risk of recurrence among young blacks.
Research shows that a diet containing dried plums can positively affect microbiota in the colon, potentially reducing the risk of colon cancer. The study found increased Bacteroidetes and reduced Firmicutes in the distal colon, as well as reduced aberrant crypts and precancerous lesions.
Scientists identify novel long non-coding RNA DACOR1 that suppresses tumor cells in colon cancer. Reactivating DACOR1 can slow or stop cancer cell growth, and may lead to therapy development for colon cancer prevention.
A study found that examining the right side of the colon while patients lie on their left side increases polyp and adenoma detection. This position change also improved distension of the colon, allowing for better visualization. The results suggest a more effective tool for ongoing surveillance and prevention.
A team of Penn State researchers found that compounds in purple potatoes can suppress the growth of colon cancer tumors by targeting stem cells. The study suggests that eating a medium-sized purple potato per day may provide cancer prevention benefits.
Researchers have developed a new blood test that can detect precancerous polyps in the colon, potentially improving colonoscopy screening results. The test uses surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to identify molecular traces in blood plasma, offering a cheaper and less invasive initial screening option.
Researchers developed electronic triggers that analyzed patient data and flagged individuals at risk of delayed follow-up. The study found that triggered clinicians had more timely diagnostic evaluations for both prostate and colon cancer.
Researchers found that powdered cranberry combats colon cancer in mice by reducing tumor size and number. The study suggests that individual components of the fruit could lead to a better understanding of its anti-cancer potential, potentially leading to more effective treatments for colon cancer.
A new study from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that regular coffee consumption, especially four or more cups a day, significantly reduces cancer recurrence and death in stage III colon cancer patients. The researchers discovered that caffeine is the key component responsible for this protective effect.
A new study from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that consuming four or more cups of coffee daily can lower the risk of colon cancer recurrence by 42% and mortality by 33%. The study's authors suggest that caffeine may increase insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation and cancer risks.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have discovered a key factor in colon cancer development, finding that suppression of microRNA families leads to intestinal tumors. The study reveals how protein Hmga2 promotes cancerous growth and is associated with advanced tumor stages and reduced survival.
Researchers have identified a new potential culprit in colon cancer, Providencia, and found a single signature of colon cancer in the gut microbiome. This discovery could help doctors predict prognosis and identify bacterial changes that affect patient health.
A new stem cell population has been identified in the colon that is linked to cancer growth, which could lead to new treatments. The study found that this radiation-resistant stem cell population can give rise to colonic tumors and sustain their growth.
Researchers identified a genetic biomarker that can predict which cancer patients will respond to immunotherapy drugs like pembrolizumab. Patients with mismatch repair gene defects showed improved responses to the treatment, offering hope for previously failed patients. Larger studies are needed to assess the potential for clinical use.
Researchers at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center found a new non-invasive stool DNA testing method comparable to colonoscopy for detecting large polyps in African Americans. The study suggests this technology may improve colon cancer screening rates and decrease mortality.
Researchers discovered a metabolic link between bacterial biofilms and colon cancer, finding that removing biofilms could be a key strategy for preventing and treating the disease. The study also identified an apparent metabolic marker of biofilm-associated colon cancers, which may help diagnose early-stage cancer.
Researchers observe complex biochemical interactions between nerves and cancer cells, challenging conventional wisdom on perineural invasion. This dance-like movement allows cancer cells to invade nerves, leading to poor patient survival and severe complications.
A two-week international diet swap study found that changing from a Westernized to an African high-fiber, low-fat diet reduced biomarkers of cancer risk in both African-American and rural South African volunteers. Increasing fiber intake and reducing animal fat and proteins may help lower colon cancer risk.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center found that CCAT2, a long non-coding RNA, regulates cancer metabolism in both human samples and animal models. This regulation appears to be linked to an increased risk of colon cancer, suggesting potential new targets for cancer treatment.
Researchers have identified six chemical compounds that inhibit HuR, a protein promoting tumor growth. The findings hold promise for treating various cancers and could lead to a novel class of cancer therapies.
Researchers have unraveled the relationships between microRNA miR-22, bile acids, and Cyclin A2 in liver and colon cancer. The study found that miR-22 reduces Cyclin A2 expression levels, potentially leading to new cancer therapies.
Walnuts have been shown to slow the survival of colon cancer cells, alter gut bacteria communities, and improve vascular function. These findings support the benefits of eating walnuts on overall health.
A team of Singapore-based scientists identified a new signalling pathway regulating cancer internal diet. The therapy combines an old anti-malarial drug with CK1α inhibition, effectively treating colon and bladder cancers. Researchers hope to develop more potent inhibitors for this treatment.
Researchers found that a combination of metformin and vitamin D3 significantly improved outcomes in animal studies, inhibiting tumor growth and reducing polyp formation. The dual-compound effect was more effective than either option alone, with modest amounts needed to achieve the benefits.
A team of researchers from the University of Pennsylvania has found evidence of a new culprit in colon cancer, the protein MSI2. Overexpression of MSI2 is common in colon cancer tumors and promotes tumor growth by disrupting cellular metabolism.
A new study estimates that increasing screening rates to 80% in the US by 2018 would prevent 21,000 colorectal cancer deaths annually by 2030. The initiative aims to boost screening from 58% in 2013 to 80% in 2018.
Researchers found that combining naproxen with omeprazole reduced bladder cancer incidence by 75% in rats. This combination may be a valuable cancer prevention strategy for those at high risk of colon, esophageal, or other cancers.
A vegetarian diet was associated with a 22% lower risk of all colorectal cancers, and higher risks were found for non-vegetarians. Vegetarian diets similar to those studied may be important for primary prevention of colorectal cancers.
Researchers investigated a potential link between new weight-loss drugs and increased colon cancer risk, driven by the intestinal growth factor properties of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The study suggests that patients with a previous history or increased risk of colon cancer may not be ideally suited for these therapies.
A new $10 million research program aims to investigate and experimentally validate nutritional interventions, develop reliable DNA tests, and introduce new cancer prevention strategies to the general public and policymakers. Research suggests that more than half of all colon cancers can be prevented through dietary and behavioral inter...
A Stanford University School of Medicine study reveals that more equitable delivery of evidence-based care can close the gap in colon cancer survival rates between white and African-American patients. The researchers found that five-year death rates were lower for all colon cancer patients treated in integrated health-care systems, wit...
A small study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that dense bacterial mats called biofilms are present in the majority of colorectal cancers and polyps, particularly on the right side of the colon. The presence of these bacterial bunches may increase cancer risk and form the basis of new diagnostic tests.
Researchers found that black patients' poorer health at diagnosis, not treatment differences, explains most of the racial disparity in colon cancer survival. Emphysema detected on CT scans is linked to increased mortality among those without airflow obstruction or COPD.
Researchers at the University of Missouri found evidence suggesting testosterone contributes to colon cancer tumor growth. Higher levels of testosterone in post-menopausal women may be associated with increased colon cancer risk.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital discovered that bisphosphonates block abnormal growth signals passed through the human EGF receptors, which drive some tumors. The study suggests that bisphosphonates could be used to prevent or treat lung, breast, and colon cancers.
New estimates suggest excess body weight causes around 481,000 new cancer cases annually in adults, with a quarter of these cases (118,000) avoidable by reducing rising BMI since 1982. Obesity-related cancer disproportionately affects women, particularly post-menopausal breast and endometrial cancers.
A new study found that offering a $50 cash reward through a lottery-style incentive increased the completion rate of stool tests for colon cancer screening among veterans. The test helps detect early signs of abnormal growths or cancer in the colon and is recommended annually for people over 50.
A novel siRNA-based approach successfully targets and silences the KRAS oncogene, a well-studied but hard-to-halt protein important for cancer development and metastasis. The treatment significantly slows cancer growth and stops metastasis in cultured cells and mice.
Incidence rates of colon and rectal cancers among 20-34 year olds are projected to increase by 90% and 124.2%, respectively, by 2030. Lifestyle factors such as obesity and lack of physical activity contribute to the rising trend, while screening efforts in older patients have led to a decline in incidence rates among those over 50.
The incidence of colorectal cancer in people under 50 has increased, while those over 50 have seen a decline. The study found that the CRC incidence rate declined overall between 1975 and 2010, but rose among young adults, with the biggest increase seen in patients 20-34 years old.
Researchers at the University of Utah have discovered that cancers select against a protein complex called the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), which counteracts the Warburg effect and supports uncontrolled growth in cancer. Re-introducing MPC into colon cancer cells impairs several properties of cancer, including growth.
Researchers found that bioactive sphingolipids contribute to carcinogenesis via programmed cell death pathways and inflammation, but plant-type sphingolipids reduce inflammation and enhance SPL levels. These findings suggest a mechanistic link between diet and cancer prevention.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have successfully treated chronic, precancerous inflammation in the intestine using an oral biologic medication. The study found that targeting disease-promoting inflammatory cells can render them less able to cause disease, offering a promising avenue for site-specific oral therapy.
Researchers generated a fruit fly model of human colon cancer, revealing key genetic factors behind the disease. The study identified subtle interactions in cancer development, shedding light on early-stage cancer progression.