Articles tagged with Colon Cancer
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Researchers at MIT have developed a new CRISPR-based model for colon cancer that enables rapid simulation of the disease's progression and testing of new treatments. The model uses genetic mutations with CRISPR to recreate human-like tumors in mice, providing a valuable tool for scientists studying colon cancer.
A study reveals that cognitive stimulation and social interactions increase lifespan in mice with colon tumors through a wound repair response. Environmental enrichment also reduces inflammation, improves tumor vasculature, and promotes immune cell activity to defend against cancer.
A new analysis reveals that dialysis patients are being screened at a higher rate than their counterparts without kidney failure, with the healthiest patients being more likely to receive screening. The findings suggest that there is substantial over-screening among patients on dialysis, and physicians should carefully evaluate patient...
Researchers found a significant association between sulfide-producing bacteria and increased risk of colon cancer in African-Americans. The study also revealed that Bilophila wadsworthia, a bacterium producing hydrogen sulfide, was more abundant in African-Americans with colon cancer than healthy counterparts.
Researchers developed a predictive risk model combining genetic and lifestyle information to classify population into groups according to colon cancer risk. Lifestyle influences cancer risk more than genetics, making it a modifiable factor in disease prevention.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago report that increasing expression of cytokine LIGHT in mice with colon cancer activates the immune system's natural cancer-killing T-cells. This leads to a significant decrease in tumor burden, including primary tumors and metastatic tumors in the liver.
A recent study found a significant increase in colorectal cancer incidence rates among young adults, including those in their early 50s. Rectal cancer rates are rising even faster, with three in ten diagnoses now in patients under 55.
Current smokers with colon cancer are 14-21% more likely to die within five years compared to never smokers. Smoking prevention and cessation efforts may improve survival rates from colon cancer.
Virginia Tech researchers have discovered that modifying IRAK-M protein can significantly reduce inflammation and cancer progression in pre-clinical animal models. The team's findings suggest that designing therapeutics targeting IRAK-M could be a viable strategy for preventing these diseases.
Two renowned medical researchers, Sanford Markowitz and Mukesh K. Jain, receive $6.7 million awards from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to advance studies on colon cancer and age-related cardiovascular risks.
Younger patients with colon cancer are nearly 2 to 8 times more likely to receive postoperative chemotherapy than older patients, yet no added survival benefit is seen for these patients. The study's findings suggest overtreatment of young and middle-aged adults with colon cancer.
A study by Osaka University reveals that colorectal cancer cells can survive under glucose-depletion conditions by maintaining TCA cycle activity and ATP production. Key proteins GLUD1 and SLC25A13 play pivotal roles in nutritional stress and are associated with tumor aggressiveness.
The ColoCare study, led by Huntsman Cancer Institute, aims to identify elements that impact colorectal cancer patients' survival and recovery. The study analyzes health and lifestyle factors to predict patient outcomes and determine the most effective treatments.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered that NLRC3 protein plays a central role in inhibiting colon cells from becoming cancerous. The study found that deleting the protective NLRC3 protein exacerbates colon cancer development, but also identified key molecular components of its tumor suppressing pathway.
Researchers developed a model system to study ARID1A's tumor-suppressing effects on colon cancer. They found that ARID1A functions as a principal tumor suppressor by regulating active enhancers.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that CT scans have good sensitivity for detecting colon cancers with tumors beyond the bowel wall, but struggle with identifying nodal involvement. Thin-slice CT may be an effective tool in this area.
A new study published in JAMA Oncology found that left-sided primary tumor location is associated with a nearly 20 percent reduced risk of death. This difference was independent of many clinical factors like tumor stage and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Scientists have discovered a metabolic fingerprint in feces that matches changes in tumor tissues, suggesting a potential new diagnostic tool for early detection of colorectal cancer. The method uses ultrasensitive technology to identify molecules in the feces of mice and humans, with promising results for noninvasive testing.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a small molecule called TASIN-1 that selectively kills cells with a mutation precursor to colon cancer while sparing normal cells. The findings could eventually help with both prevention and intervention efforts for colon cancer.
Researchers at the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC) have discovered that some cancer cells can draw blood from existing mature blood vessels, allowing them to continue spreading. This breakthrough could lead to more personalized treatment options and improve the lives of patients with colon cancer.
Boston University researchers have identified a new strategy to treat colon cancers driven by the mutant KRAS gene. The study found that inhibiting MEK and TAK1 genes suppresses the growth of these cancer cells, providing a potential avenue for precision medicine.
Researchers at Georgia State University have developed edible ginger-derived nano-lipids that effectively target and deliver chemotherapeutic drugs to colon cancer cells. These nanovectors, modified with folic acid, show high-affinity binding to tumor tissues and inhibit tumor growth while reducing side effects.
Researchers discovered 15 gene mutations that contribute to more aggressive colon cancer in African-Americans, resulting in higher recurrence and metastasis rates. These findings explain the disparity in colorectal cancer rates and death rates between African-Americans and other groups.
A new study found no clear common characteristic of microbe populations in obese individuals, disappointing those hoping for a solution to weight loss through gut bacteria alteration. The researchers suggest that a more complex relationship exists between the microbiome and health, warranting further investigation.
Researchers developed a hydrogel patch that delivers gene therapy, chemotherapy, and thermal ablation to treat colon cancer. The patch achieves complete tumor remission in non-resected tumors and prevents recurrence when applied after surgery.
Scientists have identified a rare genetic alteration in the MSH3 gene that is associated with a new form of hereditary colon cancer. The discovery has significant implications for diagnosis and treatment, as it offers a clear diagnosis for some cases of polyposis and allows for targeted surveillance and prevention.
The study found treating colon cancer cells with a combination of curcumin and silymarin resulted in increased cell death and inhibition of cell multiplication. The researchers believe phytochemicals could provide an alternate therapeutic approach to cancer treatments.
Researchers are working to identify demographic and clinical factors that distinguish individuals under 50 with colon cancer from those without the disease. The study aims to develop a risk-based screening system, potentially including blood stool tests or other less invasive tests for high-risk groups.
Researchers have found an association between adjuvant chemotherapy and improved survival in stage 2 colon cancer patients, contradicting current clinical guidelines. The study analyzed 153,110 patients with stage 2 colon cancer and found that those who received adjuvant chemotherapy survived longer than those who did not.
A new rat study suggests that a specific strain of gut microbiota may reduce colon cancer risk and increase survival rates. The research found that rats with LEW microbiota developed significantly fewer tumors than those with other strains, providing new insight into the role of gut microbiota in cancer development.
A new tissue-engineering method allows for forward genetics screening on human tissue, identifying 38 driver genes associated with colorectal cancer progression. The recellularized human colon model replicates key features of CRC and provides a controlled environment to study gene expression.
A genetic test detecting tumor DNA in blood accurately predicts colon cancer recurrence in some patients. The test could help clinicians decide which patients need additional treatment after surgery, improving diagnostic approaches and potentially increasing survival rates.
A genetic test that spots cancer-related DNA in blood can accurately predict colon cancer recurrence, according to a study of Australian patients. The 'liquid biopsy' detected DNA fragments in the blood of 20 patients with early-stage colon cancer, 11 of whom developed recurrences.
Eating walnuts changes the gut microbiome in a way that suppresses colon cancer, with male mice developing 2.3 times fewer tumors when fed walnuts as part of a Western diet. This effect is likely due to walnut's anti-inflammatory properties and ability to promote a diverse gut flora.
Researchers used genetically-engineered mice to study the role of a Western-style diet in colon cancer development. They found that a low-fiber, high-fat diet increased the risk of colon cancer and identified key changes in gene expression profiles before tumor formation.
A University of California, Riverside study explains how the balance of two transcription factor isoforms in the colon influences the risk of developing colon cancer and colitis. Maintaining a balance between these isoforms is crucial for reducing disease risk.
Scientists have found conclusive evidence that a specific jumping gene plays a key role in generating some colon tumors. The study reveals how this gene can trigger cancer by causing mutations in other genes that suppress cancer. Researchers discovered 27 L1 insertions in the tumor, which were not found in surrounding healthy tissue.
A commentary in the journal Gastroenterology argues that current policy harms low-income patients by not waiving their share of coverage costs for screening. The authors recommend waiving coinsurance and copay for diagnostic procedures associated with screening, as well as value-based and evidence-based benefit design.
A new study has found that certain sugars produced by the body play a crucial role in the development of colitis and colon cancer. The researchers genetically modified mice to lack these sugars, revealing that their mucous layer vanished and they developed colitis and a form of colon cancer.
The phase 1b clinical trial of atezolizumab has reported promising results in 23 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Fifty-two percent responded to treatment, and median progression-free survival was 14.1 months. Another patient, Rodney Bearfoot, has remained on the study for over three years despite a stage 4 diagnosis.
A study found patients with flat adenomas are more likely to have large and advanced adenomas as well as multiple adenomas. This may require more frequent screenings for these patients. Colonoscopy is an effective screening test for colon cancer, allowing doctors to remove precancerous polyps.
Researchers at Umeå University found that mutations in the SAMHD1 protein lead to an imbalance of DNA building blocks and increased mutation rates in colon cancer cells. This discovery suggests that changes in dNTP levels may contribute to the development of colon cancer.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University have identified three glycosyltransferases, B3GNT2, B4GALT2, and ST6GALNAC2, as significant mutational targets in colon cancer. These findings suggest that functionally deleterious mutations in these genes contribute to aberrant glycosylation and tumor progression.
Researchers at ETH Zurich discovered that sulforaphane, a broccoli ingredient, increases the concentration of enzymes in colon cancer cells, making it more effective for chemotherapy. This natural compound can reduce medication doses and is non-toxic with no unwanted side effects.
A recent study found that over half of elderly colorectal cancer patients receive ineffective treatments, leading to significant financial burdens. The study examined data from over 20,000 Medicare patients between 2000 and 2009, revealing a 32% increase in treatment costs and only a one-month increase in median survival.
A team of scientists has produced a structural movie showing the creation of S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a major methyl donor in the body that plays a role in some cancers. The research provides insight into how this enzyme synthesizes SAMe and highlights it as an excellent therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered that gut inflammation sparks colon cancer, with microRNA miR-34a playing a crucial role in controlling stem cell division. Elevated levels of miR-34a may serve as an early warning system for colon cancer, and its expression could be used to treat late-stage cancer.
A study analyzing billing data found that nearly 29% of patients undergoing colonoscopy had a pre-procedure office visit, resulting in increased healthcare costs. Office visits were more common among patients with higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores and were associated with a diagnosis of screening or preoperative evaluation.
University of Oklahoma researchers discovered that chromosome instability is a key player in the development of colon cancer. By analyzing gene expression signatures and pathways, they found promising findings for new treatments and prevention strategies. The study's results bring excitement to the field of cancer research and may have...
A new biomarker, CDX2, has been identified that predicts which stage II colon cancer patients may benefit from chemotherapy. The study found that tumors lacking CDX2 expression were more likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy than those with CDX2 expression.
Researchers have identified a biomarker, CDX2, that can predict which Stage II colon cancer patients are most likely to benefit from chemotherapy after surgery. The study found that patients without CDX2 had poorer outcomes, but those treated with chemotherapy had improved survival rates.
Researchers found that family members of CUP patients have a higher risk of developing cancers such as lung, pancreas, and colon cancer. The study identified specific sites where these cancers may originate, providing new guidance for physicians and potentially improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that vitamin A can reactivate the HOXA5 protein in cancer cells, eliminating relapse and metastasis. This approach offers a new way to treat colon cancer by targeting a specific biological mechanism.
A study published in Cell Reports reveals that the Musashi genes MSI1 and MSI2 play a key role in colon cancer development, acting redundantly with the Wnt pathway. Inhibiting these proteins blocks tumor growth in both human cells and mice, suggesting potential new targets for effective treatment.
A city-wide initiative in NYC increased colorectal cancer screening colonoscopy rates from 42% to 62% and eliminated disparities based on race/ethnicity. The program included public education, outreach to healthcare providers, and culturally tailored campaigns to boost awareness and overcome hurdles to effective screening.
A new study from Group Health Research Institute shows that mailing yearly stool kits to patients boosts lifesaving screening for colon cancer. The approach increased screening rates from less than four in 10 to over half of patients who had never had a colonoscopy and were overdue for screening.
The FDA has approved talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), a herpes cold sore virus designed to kill tumor cells, as a treatment for late-stage melanoma. The therapy showed a durable response in 16% of patients, with some experiencing no signs of cancer after treatment.
A Mayo Clinic study found that genetic differences among races affect colon cancer recurrence. Tumors from whites were twice as likely to have BRAF mutations, while black tumors had the highest frequency of KRAS mutations, leading to a higher risk of recurrence among young blacks.
A study found that bariatric surgery slashed participants' weight by a third and eliminated precancerous uterine growths in those that had them. It also improved insulin levels and glucose use, altering the composition of gut bacteria.
Research shows that a diet containing dried plums can positively affect microbiota in the colon, potentially reducing the risk of colon cancer. The study found increased Bacteroidetes and reduced Firmicutes in the distal colon, as well as reduced aberrant crypts and precancerous lesions.