Articles tagged with Coronary Artery Disease
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Researchers found patients with significant coronary artery disease had a significantly lower cardiac respiratory stress response compared to those without the condition. The test uses a Pulse Oximeter to measure blood flow in response to paced breathing, with high accuracy and sensitivity.
A Massachusetts General Hospital study found significantly more coronary atherosclerotic plaques and obstructive coronary artery disease in HIV-infected men with minimal cardiac risk factors. The research highlights the importance of addressing cardiovascular risk factors early in HIV disease.
The new series aims to address the shortage of geriatric expertise in healthcare. The series will explore themes that develop with aging, such as frailty and loss of independence. By analyzing real stories of patients and interviews, it will provide clinicians with pragmatic tools for translating evidence into daily practice.
A study found that ethnic background, body mass index, and heart rate impact the diagnostic accuracy of MDCT scans. Researchers say advances in scanners can improve image quality for more accurate diagnoses.
A study found that patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and no symptoms of heart disease are at high risk for cardiovascular events. Asymptomatic coronary artery disease was detected in 24% of PAD patients through non-invasive imaging, highlighting the need for extensive cardiovascular risk factor management.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that women are less likely to exhibit signs of structural heart disease, which is a precursor to fatal cardiac arrest. This means that fewer women may be eligible for current treatments that can prevent sudden cardiac arrest.
Researchers found that nearly half of patients with normal SPECT scans had moderate to severe coronary artery calcification, indicating high cardiac risk. Integrating CACS testing into functional SPECT scans can identify patients at high long-term risk and improve outcomes.
A quality improvement program increased hospitals' adherence to evidenced-based therapies, narrowing gender- and age-related disparities in coronary artery disease care. Average adherence improved significantly across all patient groups.
The BARI 2D study found that diabetic patients with stable coronary artery disease benefit from a global care approach, combining medical management and revascularization strategies. A total of 42% of patients required revascularization within 5 years, highlighting the importance of comprehensive care.
The SYNTAX Trial interim analyses show CABG is superior to PCI in patients with severe coronary artery disease, especially those with diabetes. A multidisciplinary team approach is recommended for decision-making in complex CAD cases.
Women may have a slightly higher risk of death than men in the 30 days following an acute coronary syndrome, but this difference appears to be due to factors such as severity and type of ACS. After adjusting for clinical characteristics and angiographic data, no significant difference in 30-day mortality was found.
A twin study examines associations between depression and coronary artery disease, finding that depression risk increases after diagnosis, especially in men. The long-term effect of coronary artery disease on depression risk is also significant.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that long-term memory losses and cognitive problems after bypass surgery are caused by coronary artery disease, not the heart-lung machine. Researchers discovered significant cognitive decline in patients with no use of heart-lung devices.
A new study found that intensive in-hospital smoking cessation support significantly increases long-term abstinence rates among heart patients compared to minimal support. Absence of previous heart attack, postsecondary education, and at-home smoking restrictions also contributed to successful cessation.
Researchers found that implementing new techniques to reduce radiation exposure from cardiac computed tomography angiography did not compromise image quality. The study showed a 53.3% reduction in patient radiation doses, with increases in low-volume imaging centers and improved use of lower tube voltage.
A new study published in Archives of Internal Medicine finds that women with chest pain but no coronary artery disease are at an elevated risk for cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke. The study suggests that these patients require a different treatment regimen and highlights the need to reevaluate their risk assessment.
Researchers at UT Houston have identified a single gene defect that causes thoracic aortic aneurysms, dissections, coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, and Moyamoya disease. The study found that mutations in the ACTA2 gene can lead to increased smooth muscle cell multiplication, contributing to blocked or enlarged arteries.
A new urine screening test has shown promise in predicting coronary artery disease by identifying specific protein patterns associated with the condition. The test uses proteome analysis to detect collagen fragments found on the surface of atherosclerotic plaques, achieving an accuracy rate of 84%.
A study of 1970 patients found a strong association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and linked angina. Patients with GERD had a higher prevalence of linked angina than those without GERD symptoms, suggesting that GERD may be misclassified as non-GERD heartburn.
A study found that screening patients with type 2 diabetes for coronary artery disease (CAD) did not significantly reduce the rate of heart attacks or cardiac death. However, participants with normal results had lower event rates than those with abnormalities, suggesting the importance of appropriate diagnostic evaluation.
A study found that routine screening of type 2 diabetics identifies a small group at higher risk, but doesn't significantly impact overall outcome, suggesting unnecessary screening may have economic implications and unnecessary procedures.
Physicians can reduce radiation exposure by using tube current modulation in 'triple rule-out' coronary CT angiography. This technique reduces effective radiation doses from 9.9-31.3 mSv to 5.4-16.6 mSv, comparable image quality and less than nuclear stress test radiation.
The study found that the bioabsorbable stent was safe with only one major adverse event recorded at 2 years, a heart attack, and no new events between 6 months and 2 years. The device had been fully absorbed by 2 years, reducing the chance of restenosis.
Canada has a unique opportunity to become an international leader in personalized medicine, driven by advancements in human genome sequencing and genetic research. The country can capitalize on its strengths to provide a model for other nations.
Researchers have identified novel genetic markers associated with an increased risk of heart attack, which are more than twice as great in individuals carrying multiple genetic markers. The study found that genes on chromosomes 3 and 12 play a crucial role in cardiovascular biology.
Researchers discovered that idiopathic QT interval prolongation significantly increases the risk of sudden death among coronary artery disease patients. The study found a five-fold increase in odds for abnormally prolonged QT intervals of unknown etiology, highlighting its potential as a predictor for sudden cardiac death.
A genome-wide study has identified new genes involved in Kawasaki disease, a serious illness that affects young children and can cause coronary artery damage. The study found that genes related to cardiovascular function and inflammation may be key factors, leading to potential new diagnostics and treatments.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have found a genetic variation in the neuropeptide Y gene that increases susceptibility to early coronary artery disease. The study found six related variations in the gene associated with transmission from generation to generation and association across a population of patients.
Coronary CTA accurately evaluates patients with calcified coronary artery plaques, detecting stenosis with 72% accuracy rate. Non-invasive and cost-effective, CTA provides a comprehensive view of arteries from multiple angles.
A large study found that cardiac CT scans can effectively assess coronary artery stenosis with a high sensitivity rate of 98% and specificity of 91%. This non-invasive technique may avoid the need for invasive catheter angiography in patients with intermediate clinical probability of coronary artery disease.
A study found that genetic variation on chromosome 9p21 and poor glycemic control interact to increase the risk of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes patients. The odds of CAD were 4-fold higher for those with two risk gene variants and poor glycemic control compared to those with one variant but good control.
A clinical trial reveals that combining ivabradine with current treatments significantly improves exercise capacity and reduces symptoms in patients with stable angina. The study showed a threefold improvement in total exercise duration at four months compared to those receiving standard doses of beta blockers alone.
Researchers found less than half of Medicare patients had pre-elective PCI, and only 44.5% underwent stress testing within 90 days.
The SYNTAX trial found comparable safety and efficacy rates between drug-eluting stents and heart bypass surgery in patients with left main disease. Stent use resulted in fewer strokes, while bypass surgery had higher revascularization rates.
A recent study found that exposure to fine particles and black carbon from traffic sources was associated with ST-segment depression in patients with coronary artery disease. The study suggests that air pollution can affect heart health through inflammation of the heart muscle or reduced blood flow, highlighting the need for vigilance ...
Patients with suboptimal response to aspirin and/or clopidogrel showed a significant reduction in myocardial damage during percutaneous coronary intervention when treated with tailored infusion of tirofiban. This treatment strategy aims to modulate intensity of treatment based on individual platelet reactivity.
Diabetic patients face accelerated atherosclerosis, increased risk of restenosis and late mortality when undergoing PCI. DES has been associated with mortality benefit in patients with multivessel disease, but results are mixed for diabetic patients.
A positive exercise test indicates an increased risk of cardiac events, especially in athletes with underlying coronary artery disease. The test is crucial for evaluating high-risk athletes over 35 years old and those with known cardiac abnormalities.
Cardiac computed tomography (CTA) is reliable for excluding coronary artery disease but lacks hemodynamic relevance and poses radiation risks. Fundamental insights into CAD suggest a graded prognosis according to ischemia severity, making revascularization unnecessary in some cases.
The study found that ivabradine reduced coronary secondary outcomes, including fatal and non-fatal heart attacks by 36% and coronary revascularisation by 30%, in patients with a heart rate of above 70 bpm. Elevated heart rate was also identified as a strong independent risk factor for cardiovascular death and disease.
A large clinical trial found that B vitamin supplementation did not reduce death or cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. The study, which involved over 3,000 participants, also showed a numerically lower incidence of stroke but higher incidence of cancer in the groups receiving folic acid.
A new classification system has been developed to help cardiologists determine the best course of treatment for patients with symptomatic myocardial bridging. The system combines clinical symptoms, non-invasive tests, and heart flow studies to reduce subjective decision-making.
A study of 3258 patients found that low blood levels of vitamin D were associated with a higher risk of death from cardiovascular causes and all causes. Individuals with lower vitamin D levels had higher rates of mortality, including those due to coronary artery disease, hypertension, and cardiovascular events.
Researchers used PET imaging to detect structural and functional alterations in the circulatory system of asymptomatic diabetic patients. The study found that PET revealed coronary vascular dysfunction as a precursor to coronary artery disease, which may precede structural changes in the arterial wall.
Researchers found that hormone replacement therapy maintained coronary endothelial function, while those without HRT experienced worsening endothelium function. Postmenopausal women who gave up HRT demonstrated the most severe drop in endothelial function.
A recent study found that MDCT is accurate in detecting stenosis in small and moderate-sized calcified coronary artery plaque, with a high concordance rate with cardiac catheterization. However, overestimation of stenosis occurred in large and heavily calcified lesions, highlighting the need for caution when interpreting MDCT results.
A new study found that rimonabant, a weight loss medication, showed no significant effect on slowing the progression of coronary artery disease in patients with abdominal obesity. However, it did show improvements in metabolic parameters such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and triglyceride levels.
Research highlights the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids for cardiovascular health, particularly among those diagnosed with coronary artery disease. The consumption of fish oil supplements or algae supplements can provide these essential fatty acids.
A new study by Rush University Medical Center found that women are significantly less likely to be treated with statins, aspirin, and beta-blockers for coronary artery disease compared to men. Despite similar prevalence of adverse drug reactions, the study suggests underutilization of medical therapies may contribute to this disparity.
Decades-long decline in coronary artery disease may have ended and possibly reversed after 2000, according to a study. The analysis of autopsy data from Olmsted County residents suggests that declines in high-grade disease ended after 1995 and possibly reversed after 2000.
A Mayo Clinic analysis of autopsy results over two decades reveals a long-term decline in coronary disease has ended, with some data suggesting an upward trend. The study's findings are based on the examination of 515 Olmsted County residents who died between 1981 and 2004.
A new study has discovered a set of 15 proteins found in urine that can distinguish healthy individuals from those with coronary artery disease. The protein panel accurately identifies CAD 83% of the time, with high sensitivity and low false positives.
Researchers at McGill University and Université de Montréal found that depression and anxiety can double a patient's chances of repeated heart ailments. Patients with coronary artery disease who had major depression or anxiety were more likely to experience cardiac events over two years.
A international study of 20,000 people identified seven new genes associated with good cholesterol (HDL) and triglycerides, while confirming the role of bad cholesterol (LDL) in heart disease. The findings suggest that genetic variants influencing HDL levels are not directly linked to lower risk of coronary artery disease.
The Lancet's Editor Dr. Richard Horton emphasizes the significance of non-experimental research in medicine, citing examples of reliable causal inferences and notable errors. He stresses the need for rigorous scientific practice, communication, and replication to ensure credibility and inform policymaking.
Researchers at Burnham Institute for Medical Research have discovered that stimulation of the Wnt signaling pathway is essential for coronary vasculature formation. The study provides a new avenue for developing therapies for coronary artery disease, which is a leading cause of mortality in Western countries.
Researchers have reviewed literature on stress tests to determine the most effective strategies for physicians. The study highlights the importance of choosing the right stress test to accurately detect coronary artery disease, emphasizing the role of pharmacologic agents and exercise EKGs in maximizing sensitivity and specificity.
Researchers found that initially healthy siblings of a person with left main coronary artery disease are 2.5 times more likely to develop some form of heart disease than those without the condition. This highlights the importance of family screening and prevention strategies for individuals with a history of LMD.
Researchers at the University of Bristol identified a heart protection mechanism in mice that may be exploited to improve treatments for patients with coronary disease. The study found that hearts with coronary disease became more resistant to damage after mock surgery, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.
A study found that patients with newly diagnosed coronary artery disease had nearly twice the prevalence of colorectal tumors compared to the general population. Colorectal cancer is associated with chronic inflammation, a common pathway with atherosclerosis and CAD.