Articles tagged with Coronary Artery Disease
The ESC Focused Update provides recommendations for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with coronary artery disease. DAPT reduces the risk of acute to very late stent thrombosis, but the optimal duration is uncertain. The Task Force recommends a personalized approach based on ischaemic versus bleeding risks.
The ESC Guidelines provide comprehensive recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral arterial diseases, affecting over 40 million Europeans. Key findings include revised guidelines for revascularization of asymptomatic carotid stenosis and a strong recommendation against systematic revascularisation of renal stenosis.
A multicenter study found a significant association between higher income and increased risk of coronary artery disease and multivessel disease among patients undergoing coronary angiography. Poor lifestyle practices, including physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and tobacco use, contribute to this finding.
A new study finds that depression in heart patients significantly increases the risk of death, with depressed heart patients having twice the risk as non-depressed heart patients. The study emphasizes the importance of continued screening for depression in all heart disease patients.
A genetic variant at chromosome 6p24 is associated with five vascular diseases, including coronary artery disease and hypertension. The variant enhances the activity of endothelin-1 gene, promoting vasoconstriction and hardening of arteries.
A genetic predisposition to higher blood calcium levels is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease and heart attack. The study used mendelian randomization to examine the association between serum calcium levels and CAD, finding a link between the two.
A study published in The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal found that higher income is associated with a higher risk of significant coronary artery disease and multivessel disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Poor lifestyle practices and high stress levels are thought to contribute to this association.
Researchers at Linkoping University discovered that lutein can suppress long-term inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease. The study found that higher levels of lutein were associated with lower levels of inflammatory markers and reduced inflammatory activity in immune cells.
Researchers found that new opioid use among older adults with COPD is associated with a higher risk of coronary artery disease-related death. The study suggests that opioids may have negative effects on the heart, including lower blood oxygen levels and increased inflammatory factors.
Researchers have found that genes for coronary heart disease (CAD) also influence reproduction, suggesting a trade-off between heart disease and fertility. The study, published in PLOS Genetics, reveals CAD genes have been positively selected for through evolution, improving human reproduction.
A genetic study suggests that human genes for coronary artery disease contribute to greater numbers of children, providing an evolutionary trade-off between early-life reproductive benefits and later-life disease costs. The study uses genome-wide scans and lifetime reproductive data to identify genetic variation linked to the disease.
Research reveals a defective immune cell's sweet tooth predisposes people to shingles, exacerbating heart disease. The connection shows how the same mechanism disabling immune response to viral infections also affects heart conditions.
Chronic anabolic steroid use can lead to reduced heart function, including impaired pumping capacity and increased blood pressure. The study found strong associations between lifetime duration of illicit anabolic steroid use and plaque build-up in coronary arteries, highlighting the critical need for clinicians to monitor this population.
Researchers have discovered 15 new genetic risk factors for coronary artery disease, linking them to blood vessel cell functions. The findings aim to improve understanding of the disease and inform the development of new therapies.
Research found that Hodgkin lymphoma survivors who received chest irradiation had significantly more multi-vessel coronary artery disease and higher segment involvement scores compared to controls. The study suggests that patients should be screened for coronary artery disease at regular intervals after irradiation.
Peripheral artery disease affects 200 million people worldwide, but less than half receive appropriate medication and lifestyle counseling. This study highlights the need to improve quality of care for high-risk individuals, who are at risk of adverse outcomes such as coronary heart disease, heart attacks, and strokes.
A prospective observational study found a high association between grey hair and coronary artery disease in adult men. Researchers discovered that as age increases, so does the incidence of both atherosclerosis and hair greying due to similar biological pathways.
A new study has developed a score called the Intermountain Chronic Disease Risk Score (ICHRON) that uses routine blood tests and age to measure future risk of chronic disease. ICHRON predictions are 77-78% accurate in identifying patients who'll be diagnosed with a chronic disease within three years.
Researchers found that non-toxic amounts of ammonia increase the production of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which protects endothelial cells and prevents plaque buildup. Glutamine, an amino acid supplement, triggers this natural response.
Dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DECT) shows moderate diagnostic accuracy and improves image quality compared to conventional CT angiography. DECT also significantly reduces contrast medium dose without compromising image quality.
A study published in Journal of Addiction Medicine found that decreasing cocaine use leads to regression of unstable coronary plaques, a type of plaque most likely to cause a heart attack. Reducing cocaine use also decreases inflammation markers and improves cardiovascular health.
A study from Lund University found that consuming high amounts of added sucrose increases the risk of myocardial infarction by about a third. The researchers analyzed data from over 26,000 participants and found no correlation between sugar intake and cardiovascular disease for those following general dietary recommendations.
A major international study found that drug-eluting stents are equally effective as bypass surgery for patients with left main coronary artery disease, with fewer complications. The EXCEL trial followed 1,905 patients and showed stents to be safer in the first 30 days after treatment.
The EXCEL trial found that drug-eluting stents are a viable alternative to CABG for patients with LMCAD, with fewer MIs and less bleeding within 30 days. However, more repeat revascularization procedures were required at three years.
Researchers found that CTA tests led to higher adoption of preventive measures and healthier lifestyle practices compared to exercise electrocardiography and stress tests. After 60 days, more people who underwent CTA tests started taking aspirin, statins, and beta-blockers, and eating healthier, with lower rates of obesity.
The Canadian Cardiovascular Society has released updated guidelines for managing atrial fibrillation, prioritizing the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) over warfarin. The new recommendations aim to improve patient outcomes and reduce stroke risk.
A large study of over 22,000 patients with coronary artery disease found that too low blood pressure was associated with worse outcomes. The optimal blood pressure target continues to be debated, and caution is urged when using blood pressure lowering treatment in these patients.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of death, heart attack, or stroke in patients with peripheral arterial disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Concomitant PAD is associated with a 2-fold increased risk of ischemic events, but not bleeding.
A new study published by the European Society of Cardiology found that an active strategy of detecting and treating asymptomatic multisite artery disease did not improve 2-year outcomes compared to a traditional approach. The study enrolled 521 CAD patients and found no significant difference in all-cause mortality, rehospitalization f...
Researchers from Mount Sinai and international partners have identified specific genes that contribute to cardiometabolic diseases, such as heart attack and stroke. The study analyzed gene-expression data from patients with coronary artery disease and found genes that regulate blood lipid levels in abdominal fat.
The study highlights the importance of managing pericardial effusions, myocardial disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and other cardiac complications in HIV-infected patients. Clinicians must be aware of these manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment options to improve patient outcomes.
A Finnish study found that nearly 60% of patients with coronary artery disease also had dental root tip infections. The researchers discovered a strong link between the two conditions, suggesting that oral infections may contribute to heart disease risk. Root canal treatment may help reduce this risk.
A study of over 23,000 patients found that women had a lower risk of comorbidities and experienced fewer vascular complications in-hospital after TAVR. Despite this, women's one-year survival rate was still higher than men's.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital identifies four factors contributing to sex disparities in statin therapy among patients with coronary artery disease. Women were less likely to start or continue statin therapy due to lower cardiologist evaluations and higher rates of adverse reaction reports.
A study found that familial hypercholesterolemia mutations account for less than 2% of cases with severely elevated LDL levels, but significantly increase the risk of coronary artery disease. Gene sequencing identified individuals at high risk who may benefit from additional preventive therapies.
Women experiencing suspected heart disease exhibit similar classic symptoms to men, including chest pain and shortness of breath, but differ in diagnosis and risk assessment. The study found that women have more risk factors for heart disease than men, yet are often assessed as lower risk.
A study of over 287,000 patients found that African-American patients with connective tissue diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis were twice as likely to develop narrowed or atherosclerotic blood vessels. Young African-Americans with CTD also had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes.
A randomized controlled study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that providing information about coronary artery disease risk to patients undergoing genetic testing for Alzheimer's disease improved health behaviors and reduced distress. The study suggests that the disclosure of secondary findings from genomic testing can h...
The American College of Physicians (ACP) offers guidance on evaluating blood in the urine, emphasizing the importance of referring patients with gross hematuria and confirming heme-positive results. For adults with microscopically confirmed hematuria, urology referral for cystoscopy and imaging is recommended.
A recent study found that depression is strongly associated with the frequency of chest pain in adults with and without underlying coronary artery disease. Patients with depression were three times more likely to experience more frequent chest pain than those without depression.
Patients without obstructive CAD are just as likely to experience angina after a heart attack as those with obstructive CAD. Non-invasive strategies to reduce angina burden could significantly impact patients' health and quality of life.
Researchers found that coronary artery calcification scans can accurately predict all-cause mortality up to 15 years in asymptomatic patients. The study's findings suggest that CAC scanning could help physicians identify patients at risk for early death and advise them to adopt healthier lifestyles.
Patients who viewed images of their calcified coronary arteries were more likely to stop smoking, lose weight and take statins. The study suggests that visualising health threats motivates patients to make changes, reducing plasma cholesterol levels and other risk factors.
3D simulations analyze local flow fields and identify correlation between left coronary angulation and wall shear stress changes. CFD complements cardiac CT imaging by defining internal biomechanics, including stresses and strain within the coronary artery system.
A study found that peanut consumption with a high-fat meal improved post-meal triglyceride response and preserved endothelial function in overweight males. Peanuts were shown to be atheroprotective as part of a high-fat meal, potentially reducing the risk of coronary disease.
Research shows that CT scans paired with standard care lead to more accurate diagnoses of coronary artery disease, altering follow-up testing and treatments. This results in a lower incidence of heart attacks among patients receiving the test compared to those receiving usual care.
The report highlights key diagnostic challenges in women, including atypical symptoms and the need to understand sex-specific differences underlying CAD. It emphasizes the importance of genomic approaches to diagnosis and the potential benefits of these new advances for improving accuracy and avoiding unnecessary invasive procedures.
A 20-year follow-up study found that frequent sauna use can reduce the risk of cardiac death in men. Men who used saunas 4-7 times a week were 63% less likely to experience sudden cardiac death compared to those using them once a week. Longer sauna sessions also reduced cardiovascular risks.
A new study found that diabetic patients with even mild coronary artery disease are at a comparable risk of heart attacks and major adverse events to those with severe obstructive disease. Researchers used cardiac computed tomography angiography data from 14,000 patients to evaluate long-term prognostic value in diabetic patients.
A study of 68,765 STEMI patients found that 53% had non-IRA disease, significantly associated with increased 30-day mortality. The presence of non-IRA disease was consistent with findings from the KAMIR registry but not the Duke database.
A study of nearly 38,000 patients found that those diagnosed with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) had a significantly increased risk of heart attack or death one year after diagnosis. Patients with nonobstructive CAD had an associated risk of MI that was 2-to 4.5-fold greater than among those with no apparent CAD.
Researchers used coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to detect high-risk coronary artery plaque and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by abnormal liver function. The study found that NAFLD is associated with high-risk plaque, even after adjusting for traditional risk factors.
Despite no detectable coronary artery disease, nearly three-quarters of patients experience severe or moderate symptoms before and after angiography. Symptoms persist in over seven out of ten cases. Validated questionnaires reveal higher anxiety levels, increased somatoform disorders, and hypochondria in these patients.
A new study by researchers at Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute suggests that lifestyle choices, not just genetics, may contribute to the risk of heart attack. The study found that severe coronary artery disease can be inherited, but the presence of heart attacks in people with less severe disease was not clustered in families.
Researchers developed new methods to reduce imaging time in myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) by up to 50%, making scans easier for patients. The methods also correct errors caused by patient movement, resulting in error-free MPI images.
A new study reveals that PET/MR imaging is highly effective in detecting coronary artery disease, outperforming traditional SPECT methods. The hybrid technique provides a comprehensive view of the heart, combining anatomical and functional information for more accurate diagnoses.
Researchers identified a gene expression profile associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death in patients with coronary artery disease. The profile, based on a simple blood test, may help identify patients who could benefit from personalized treatment and counseling.
Researchers found an estimated 9 million people with diabetes and 5.6 million people with coronary artery disease are not receiving statins, highlighting a concerning trend driven by high cholesterol. Statin use is often associated with reduced cardiovascular risk, regardless of cholesterol levels.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that men with HIV have a greater risk and extent of coronary artery disease compared to uninfected men. Meanwhile, nearly one-third of patients fail to fill their first-time prescriptions, which may impact clinical outcomes.
A Johns Hopkins study reveals that long-term HIV infections increase the risk of plaque buildup in coronary arteries, regardless of other risk factors. The researchers found noncalcified and partly calcified plaques more prevalent in HIV-infected men, suggesting a higher risk of heart attacks.