Influenza

Immune system overreaction linked to deadly flu in pregnancy

Flu signals in wastewater offer an early warning for community outbreaks

Needle-free flu vaccine aims to boost children’s immunity

Scientists use ultrasound to destroy influenza A and COVID-19 viruses without damaging human cells

Researchers used high-frequency ultrasound waves to eliminate viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1 by causing structural changes that led to inactivation. The technique uses acoustic resonance, which differs from cavitation, a process used for decontamination.

Your nose is a battlefield

Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology discovered that FluMist can trigger an immune response directly in nasal tissue, training immune cells to recognize and fight influenza virus infection. This response stays in the upper airways and cannot be detected via blood samples.

New study examines impact of pediatric influenza vaccination rates on U.S. healthcare resource utilization

The study found that low influenza vaccination rates among children are associated with increased healthcare visits, hospitalizations, and ICU admissions. Achieving a 70% immunization rate could prevent up to 2.2 million outpatient visits and 123 pediatric deaths during high-incidence flu seasons.

Immune cells in the nose slow influenza virus

Researchers found memory cells in nasal tissue can reactivate to fight influenza, reducing viral replication and protection against more severe illness. These immune cells can be used to develop better nasal vaccines.

First continent-wide map of dominant avian influenza strain explains its spread

Scientists mapped the spread of a novel flu strain, D1.1 H5N1, through wild bird populations across North America, revealing its emergence and geographic penetration. The study shows that current human vaccine stockpiles will likely work well against both avian and human infections.

Study reveals new way to strengthen immunity against the flu

Researchers developed a new flu vaccine approach targeting specific but distinct regions of the influenza virus protein. This method broadened the immune response, leading to broader protection against various strains. The study's findings have implications for fighting other fast-changing viruses like COVID-19 and RSV.

Influenza frequently missed in winter deaths, new study finds

A new study found that influenza was detected in 11% of winter deaths, but only 17% had a confirmed diagnosis before death. The study highlights the gap between detection and official mortality records, suggesting influenza may play a larger role in winter mortality than routine surveillance captures.

Influenza vaccine could protect against heart attack and stroke even among people who get infected

Researchers found that influenza vaccination reduced the risk of heart attack and stroke by half for those who got infected, even if they didn't get vaccinated beforehand. The study's findings suggest prioritizing influenza vaccination among high-risk populations could have significant public health impact.

A natural molecule present in the human body protects against the flu, Fisabio study reveals

A study reveals dermcidin, a human body natural molecule, exhibits antiviral activity against the influenza virus. Higher baseline levels of dermcidin in individuals who don't develop flu-like symptoms may be associated with lower susceptibility to infection.

Honoring distinguished career, Robert Webster, Ph.D., elected fellow of AAAS

Robert Webster, Ph.D., a leading expert in influenza research, has been elected as an AAAS Fellow for his contributions to understanding the reservoir and spread of avian influenza. His work has had a direct impact in protecting immunocompromised children at St. Jude and safeguarding children worldwide from pandemic threats.

Local immune coordination in the lung reveals a new layer of defense

Researchers discovered a new layer of defense in the lungs, where specialized immune cells coordinate a local response to viral infections. The study found that these cells produce a protein called HIF-1α, which activates neighboring immune cells to mount a coordinated defense.

Global strategies to protect seals and sea lions from avian influenza

A recent study by the University of California, Davis, highlights the devastating impact of H5N1 on pinniped populations worldwide. The virus has infected over 400 million poultry and tens of thousands of seals and sea lions, with significant consequences for conservation efforts.

How one flu virus can hamper the immune response to another

A Weill Cornell Medicine study found that prior exposure to one flu strain can weaken children's ability to mount an effective antibody response against a different strain, a phenomenon known as immune imprinting. This can lead to reduced effectiveness of future vaccines and increased risk of severe illness.

Severe COVID-19, flu facilitate lung cancer months or years later, new research shows

Severe COVID-19 and influenza infections can prime the lungs for cancer development, according to new research. Vaccination, however, largely prevents these changes, suggesting a reduced risk of lung cancer.

How viruses mess with our brains

A review of 900 scientific articles identified several biological markers associated with cognitive decline in viral infections, including activated monocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conversely, certain markers like anti-inflammatory cytokines are linked to better preservation of cognitive abilities.

Bird flu rampant among black vultures

A recent study by University of Georgia researchers found that over 4 out of 5 dead black vultures tested positive for H5N1 bird flu. The actual toll is likely exponentially higher, posing a significant threat to the ecosystem. Sustained transmission and potential for increased virulence are concerning, especially for endangered species.

Tulane study reveals key differences in long-term brain effects of COVID-19 and flu

A new Tulane University study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes persistent brain inflammation and small blood vessel injury, even after the virus is no longer detectable. This finding helps explain why long COVID often includes neurological symptoms such as brain fog and fatigue.

COVID-19 infection predicts higher risk of kidney disease, study finds

A study found that COVID-19 infection significantly increases the risk of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and kidney failure in US adults. The research used machine learning models to analyze data from over three million patients, revealing a 2.3-times higher risk of acute kidney injury compared to influenza.

Missed opportunity to protect pregnant women and newborns: Study shows low vaccination rates among expectant mothers in Norway against COVID-19 and influenza

A study of over 50,000 pregnant women in Norway found low vaccination rates against COVID-19 and influenza, with only 29.9% and 12.1% vaccinated respectively. The study highlights the need for targeted strategies to improve vaccination uptake among expectant mothers.

Children with sleep apnea face higher risk of flu and COVID-19, new study finds

A new study by Dr. Alex Gileles-Hillel and colleagues found that children with sleep apnea are twice as likely to contract the flu or COVID-19. The researchers suggest prioritizing annual vaccinations for these children to prevent severe respiratory complications.

Mount Sinai scientists uncover link between influenza and heart disease

The study found that a novel subset of white blood cells becomes infected in the lung and produces type 1 interferon, which triggers cardiac damage. A modified mRNA treatment was shown to mitigate cardiac damage while preserving the immune system's protective response. The research offers great promise for developing new therapies to p...

H5N1 causes die-off of Antarctic skuas, a seabird

The high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 has caused the death of over 50 skuas in Antarctica, marking the first documented case of wildlife mortality due to the virus on the continent. The study found that the virus was primarily affecting the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula.

UM School of Medicine launches clinical trial of investigative nasal spray medicine to prevent illnesses from respiratory viruses

A new experimental intranasal spray, INNA-051, will be tested in a randomized Phase 2 trial to determine its safety and effectiveness in reducing illness from respiratory viruses. The study aims to enroll 1,100 healthy adults at increased risk of upper respiratory virus infections.

Nasal vaccine combats bird flu infection in rodents

Researchers developed an intranasal vaccine that elicited strong immune responses and prevented infections in exposed animals, providing protection against upper respiratory infection and severe disease. The nasal vaccine was effective regardless of prior flu exposure, making it a promising tool in the fight against H5N1 bird flu.

Korea University College of Medicine successfully concludes the 2025 Lee Jong-Wook Fellowship on Infectious Disease Specialists Program

The program brought together 31 health professionals from nine Asian and African countries for advanced training in epidemiology, clinical treatment, and research & diagnosis. Participants also conducted on-site field visits to leading institutions, strengthening their response capacities.

New platform could develop vaccines faster than ever before

The new platform developed by UVA Health scientists can produce vaccines much faster, cheaper, and more easily than traditional approaches. The platform's proof-of-concept demonstrates its ability to produce highly immunogenic vaccines that can be manufactured at extremely low cost.

Study: How can we stop the spread of flu?

A new study found that airborne transmission of the flu is a major factor in its spread, but ventilation and air movement can reduce transmission. The study used a controlled environment to investigate how the flu spreads through the air between infected and uninfected people.

Maternal vaccine receipt and infant hospital and emergency visits for influenza and pertussis

A study found that maternal vaccinations against influenza and pertussis are associated with reduced hospitalization or emergency department visits in infants under 6 months. Implementing maternal vaccination campaigns can enhance infant health outcomes, addressing low vaccination coverage.

NEJM Evidence and CIDRAP announce Public Health Alerts

Public Health Alerts provide concise, data-driven information on disease outbreaks and urgent health events. The new series, launched by NEJM Evidence and CIDRAP, offers expert-reviewed reports to support public health evidence-based care.

Influenza clade K viruses prolong the influenza season in Australia and New Zealand

The emergence of A(H3N2) subclade K viruses in Australia and New Zealand extended their influenza seasons, with Australia experiencing a record-breaking season. The viruses were likely imported from the US and accounted for half of Australian viruses and over two-thirds of New Zealand viruses.

Receptors in mammary glands make livestock and humans inviting hosts for avian flu

A study by Iowa State University researchers reveals that avian influenza can infect livestock and humans through their mammary glands, which have high levels of sialic acids. This increases the risk of transmission and potentially more dangerous adaptations emerging.

How can nursing homes protect more patients from infections?

The new guideline recommends full-time infection prevention staff, comprehensive training, and support for all staff, as well as partnerships with hospitals and public health agencies. This guidance aims to reduce the risk of infections in nursing homes, saving lives and money.

Cardiovascular events 1 year after RSV infection in adults

A cohort study of adults aged 45 or older with RSV infection found a significant excess risk of cardiovascular events over 1 year, comparable in magnitude to influenza infection. This highlights the importance of RSV as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and underscores the need for vaccination to mitigate this burden.

To treat long COVID, we must learn from historical chronic illnesses, medical researchers say

Researchers studying long COVID are drawing parallels with historical chronic illnesses, highlighting the need for effective interventions. By analyzing past epidemics and post-acute infection syndromes, scientists hope to gain insight into the mechanisms of these conditions.

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia researchers show how circadian rhythms help boost infection recovery

Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that circadian rhythms play a crucial role in boosting infection recovery in critically ill patients with respiratory viral infections. Maintaining a rhythmic meal schedule can mitigate the effects of disrupted light cycles and improve outcomes.

Lack of dietary iron may impair immune cells ability to fight influenza

Research suggests that iron deficiency can negatively affect immune cells' response to viruses, leaving lasting effects on lung immune cells. Iron deficiency is linked to conditions like asthma and affects women and young children disproportionately.

Bird flu viruses are resistant to fever, making them a major threat to humans

Researchers found that avian influenza viruses can thrive in the lower respiratory tract and withstand high temperatures, while human flu viruses replicate at higher temperatures. Fever may not be enough to protect against avian flu viruses, which can cause severe illness.

Avian Flu, from ‘FluWarning’ early alerts for virus spillovers

The FluWarning system uses genetic code analysis to detect subtle changes in flu viruses that may indicate cross-species transmission. It has been successfully applied to H5N1 bird flu and detected clusters of viral activity in the US, issuing alerts before official reports were published.

ACP encourages all adults to receive the 2025-2026 influenza vaccine

The American College of Physicians (ACP) has issued new influenza vaccine practice points that recommend standard-dose trivalent or quadrivalent vaccines for healthy adults aged 18-64, and high-dose trivalent or quadrivalent vaccines for those 65 years old. The guidelines aim to prevent seasonal epidemics caused by highly infectious fl...

Study reveals how the gut builds long-lasting immunity after viral infections

Researchers found that immune cells in the gut follow an atypical pathway to produce antibodies providing long-term protection against viruses. The study could help guide the development of better vaccines for respiratory viruses like influenza and SARS-CoV-2.

Study reveals that flu vaccine performance varies by age

Researchers compared four flu vaccines and found varying cellular immune responses across different age groups. The Fluzone High-Dose vaccine outperformed others in older adults, while Flucelvax excelled in younger adults.

MIT research finds particles that enhance mRNA delivery could reduce vaccine dosage and costs

Researchers have developed particles that can deliver an effective immune response at a much lower dose than traditional mRNA vaccines. The new particles, called AMG1541, use cyclic structures and ester groups to enhance mRNA delivery and improve biodegradability. This could potentially reduce vaccine costs and side effects.

Human Organ Chip technology sets stage for pan-influenza A CRISPR RNA therapies

A new human lung alveolus chip model enables investigation of viral replication, inflammatory responses, and genetic off-target effects of a novel pan-influenza CRISPR therapy. The study achieved significant reductions in virus load and host inflammatory response after a single administration.

Enduring outcomes of COVID-19 work absences on the US labor market

A new study found that COVID-19 work absences have become a year-round phenomenon in the US labor market, similar to pre-pandemic influenza season conditions. Nationally representative data can help monitor public health crises and inform policy decisions.

AI can strengthen pandemic preparedness

Researchers argue that AI can strengthen pandemic preparedness by detecting emerging diseases earlier. By combining data from humans, animals, and the environment, AI can reveal patterns and provide insights into potential pathogens.

A step toward diagnosing the flu with your tongue

A new molecular sensor can detect influenza virus in the presence of a thymol flavor, which is released when the virus interacts with human saliva. Researchers plan to integrate this technology into chewing gum or lozenges for at-home screenings and pre-symptomatic transmission prevention.

uOttawa medical scientist leading team bolstering Canada's ability to respond to future pandemics, public health emergencies

Dr. Langlois and his team will support large-scale scientific research, protect vulnerable communities, and strengthen Canada's ability to face future health emergencies. The High-Throughput Facility infrastructure will rapidly detect and track new infectious disease threats while protecting people and communities.

Decoding wildlife movement to predict the next pandemic

Researchers develop a framework for biologging-based surveillance to detect disease outbreaks in wildlife, providing insights into the spread of zoonotic diseases like avian flu and COVID-19. The approach aims to revolutionize public health interventions by enabling early detection and proactive prevention.

A ‘universal’ therapy against the seasonal flu? Antibody cocktail targets virus weak spot

Researchers developed an unusual therapy using a cocktail of antibodies that protected mice from nearly every strain of influenza, including avian and swine variants. The therapy did not allow viral escape, even after repeated exposure in animals.

Scientists discover why the flu is more deadly for older people

Researchers found that apolipoprotein D reduces the protective antiviral type I interferon response in older individuals, leading to more severe disease outcomes. This discovery offers a potential target for therapeutic intervention to protect against severe influenza virus infection in the elderly.

Antibody-making cells reveal new function in response to flu infection

Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine discovered a new function of antibody-making B cells in response to flu infection. These cells produce a key signaling molecule called interleukin-1 beta, which is necessary for developing a robust immune response and forming optimal germinal centers.

High-volume antibody testing platform could accelerate disease research and treatment development

Researchers developed a high-volume method to rapidly build and test large numbers of antibodies at once, accelerating antibody research and treatment development. The oPool+ display platform has potential applications in influenza vaccination research, infectious disease treatment, and cancer research.

Gray seals perplex scientists with lack of response to flu infection

Researchers investigated why harbor seals get sick from influenza, while gray seals don't. They found no difference in cytokine profiles between infected and non-infected gray seal pups.

American College of Cardiology issues vaccine guidance for adults with heart disease

The American College of Cardiology recommends flu, COVID-19, RSV vaccinations and others for adults with heart disease to reduce risks of infection, hospitalization, and death. Vaccination has been shown to be highly effective in reducing these risks, yet only 30% of primary care physicians assess patients' vaccination status.

Generative AI uncovers undetected bird flu exposure risks in Maryland emergency departments

A new study uses generative AI to quickly scan notes in electronic medical records and identify high-risk patients with potential H5N1 avian influenza exposure. The model detected 76 patients with high-risk exposures, including 14 confirmed cases of recent bird flu exposure.

Tracing the evolution of the H5N1 virus

Researchers identified key mutations in the H5N1 genome that enhance its human adaptive potential. The 2.3.4.4b clade has infected multiple mammalian species and is adapting to humans, posing a concern for increased mortality risk. Surveillance measures are recommended to counter this growing risk.

New drug combo outperforms Tamiflu in fighting flu

A new drug pairing of Theobromine and Arainosine has been developed to target the influenza virus's ion channel, effectively blocking its replication and spread. This breakthrough combo outperforms Tamiflu in fighting a range of flu strains, including drug-resistant versions.