Articles tagged with Psychosis
A definitive review finds that systemic racism perpetuates disadvantage in neighborhoods, leading to increased risk of psychosis. Trauma and stress experienced by marginalized racial groups are also associated with higher rates of psychosis.
A new study published in Translational Psychiatry reveals that individuals with high genetic predisposition to schizophrenia are disproportionately affected by cannabis use, experiencing a 60% higher risk of psychotic experiences. Cannabis users, compared to non-users, have higher rates of psychotic experiences across the board.
Research by Orygen found that young 'night owls' have significantly higher negative psychotic symptoms. The study suggests a link between sleep disturbance, chronotype, and psychotic symptoms, highlighting the importance of early identification and intervention.
Researchers developed a machine learning method to accurately diagnose patients with mixed symptoms, revealing that depression plays a greater role in psychosis than thought. The study highlights the need for better treatments and more accurate diagnostic methods.
Researchers found that persistently high insulin levels from mid-childhood are linked with a higher chance of developing psychosis in adulthood. In contrast, an increase in BMI around puberty was linked with a higher chance of depression in adulthood, particularly in girls.
Researchers combined psychiatric assessments with machine learning models to predict mental illness, improving disease course prediction and intervention timing. The algorithm assists decision-making and provides recommendations for targeted interventions.
Research suggests that psychosis symptoms may be linked to impaired information spread in the brain, with altered white matter contributing to delusions and other symptoms. The study found increased consciousness thresholds in patients with psychosis, correlating with greater white matter connectivity.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center found a potential neurobiological mechanism for hallucinations and delusions that fits within the hierarchical model of psychosis. The study suggests that these symptoms share a common mechanism but also depend on symptom-specific pathways.
A new study by University of Barcelona reveals that alterations in dopaminergic receptors D1R and D2R in the hippocampal area of the brain cause memory deficits and psychotic behaviour in mice with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. The findings hold promise for developing more efficient antipsychotic drugs.
New UBC research reveals a need for improved training to address identity development issues in young people with psychosis. A survey of over 300 clinicians found that only half felt confident in addressing identity-related concerns, highlighting a gap in care.
Researchers developed a blood test predicting psychosis development risk with 93% accuracy. The test identifies early changes in the immune system involved in inflammation.
Researchers found that depression is an intrinsic part of early phase psychotic disorders and suggest targeting depression as a key factor in treatment. The study suggests antidepressants alongside anti-psychotic drugs could be an effective additional first-line treatment for psychosis.
A phase 3 trial found pimavanserin to be effective in reducing psychotic symptoms in people with dementia, regardless of underlying dementia subtype or severity. The treatment works differently than other antipsychotics, showing promise for improving the lives of those affected by psychosis.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge and King's College London discovered that problems in how the brain recognizes and processes novel information lie at the root of psychosis. The study found that defective brain signals in patients with psychosis could be altered with medication, leading to new treatment development pathways.
A rapid review of contemporary epidemic research found an increase in psychosis prevalence due to COVID-19 linked to viral exposure, pre-existing vulnerability, and psychosocial stress. People with psychosis may pose a significant challenge for clinical teams and potentially transmit the virus.
Researchers found that forty percent of women who suffer from postpartum psychosis do not become ill again. Women with isolated postpartum psychosis may not require medicinal treatment outside the postpartum period, according to a new study published in Journal of Clinical Psychiatry.
A comprehensive meta-analysis of pre- and perinatal risk factors for psychosis has identified 30 significant risks and five protective factors. Researchers found that nutritional deficiencies, low birthweight, and lack of prenatal care visits pose a risk to children developing psychosis.
A recent study in mice found that psychosis may be caused by problems with specialized nerve cells and learning behavior. The researchers hope this could provide insight into the emergence of delusions in patients with psychosis or schizophrenia.
Researchers have developed a new classification scheme for psychoses into five clearly defined subgroups based on machine learning analysis of clinical data. These subgroups exhibit distinct patterns in symptoms, functioning, and genetic risk factors.
The study found that CBD influenced the prefrontal and mediotemporal brain areas, which have unusual activity in people with psychosis. After one dose of CBD, functional connectivity between these areas was reduced, indicating improved brain function.
New research at La Trobe University has identified genetic variations that determine the effects of methamphetamine in the brain. These findings may lead to new therapies for people affected by long-term methamphetamine use, which can cause psychosis similar to schizophrenia.
A new hypothesis identifies a common link between schizophrenia and pellagra, suggesting that some people with psychosis in poorer nations may have a vitamin B3 deficiency. This could lead to better diagnosis, treatment, and potential cure of psychosis through niacin supplementation.
A new study by UNC researchers found that using a polygenic risk score (PRS) improves psychosis risk prediction in persons meeting clinical high-risk criteria. The PRS, developed from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), discriminates persons with schizophrenia from unaffected individuals and predicts future psychosis.
A study by Queen Mary University of London researchers found that excess psychosis diagnoses amongst Black and South Asian men in deprived urban areas may reflect a cluster of disadvantage rather than individual factors. The team identified four markers of vulnerability: drug and alcohol dependence, criminality and violence, risky or c...
A pioneering clinical trial will assess the safety and efficacy of cannabidiol (CBD) in alleviating hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's-related psychosis. The study aims to determine whether CBD can correct abnormal brain functioning and improve quality of life for affected individuals.
A middle-aged man experienced a brief episode of acute psychosis after the 2016 Brexit Referendum, highlighting the potential impact of political events on mental health. The case highlights the importance of identifying early warning signs and providing prompt treatment to ensure quick recovery.
The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) has awarded six research grants to develop a learning health care system for the treatment of early psychosis. The grants aim to improve quality of care and patient outcomes while speeding advances in early psychosis services and science.
Researchers found neurological markers in the brain that can detect people at-risk for developing psychotic disorders. The study used MRI scans to identify dysfunction in the striatum region, which is associated with increased levels of dopamine and faulty learning feedback.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that refugees may be at higher risk of developing nonaffective psychosis, including several types of schizophrenia, compared to natives or nonrefugee migrants in host countries. The study analyzed data from over 540,000 refugees in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Canada.
A new study found a blunted response to stress-induced dopamine signaling in the brains of individuals at high risk for psychosis who regularly use cannabis. The research highlights the need for further investigation into the impact of cannabis on brain neurochemistry, particularly among populations at risk for psychosis.
Researchers find that targeting a specific genetic mutation can alleviate psychosis symptoms by restoring glutamate function and glycine levels. The study provides proof-of-principle for a new approach to treating psychotic disorders using genotype-based treatment.
Researchers developed a machine-learning method to quantify semantic richness of conversational language, predicting psychosis with high accuracy. They analyzed sound-related words and low semantic density, detecting hidden patterns in people's language predictive of psychosis.
Research at the University of York found women are underrepresented in studies on cannabis and psychosis, with limited information on female reactions to the drug and a lack of focus on countries outside of America, Europe, and Australia.
Pregnant women who use cannabis may slightly increase the risk their unborn child will develop psychosis later in life. The study's findings raise concerns about prenatal exposure to cannabis and its potential long-term effects on brain development.
A case-control study found a strong link between daily cannabis use and psychosis, with high potency cannabis increasing the risk even more. The study estimated that one in five new cases of psychosis may be linked to daily cannabis use, highlighting potential public health implications for changes in cannabis legislation.
Researchers identify neuromelanin-sensitive MRI as a potential biomarker for psychosis, finding associations with dopamine function and severity of symptoms. The study uses NM-MRI signal to measure regional variations in neuromelanin concentration, reflecting dopamine activity.
A new study finds that people with psychosis experience accelerated aging of brain networks important for general cognition, but at a faster rate than healthy individuals. This accelerated decline can be a promising target for early intervention and cognitive remediation strategies to improve functional outcomes.
A study by Orygen researchers found that B-vitamin supplements improved concentration skills among participants with first episode psychosis. The results suggest that individuals with elevated homocysteine levels may benefit most from these supplements.
Individuals with childhood trauma exhibit decreased hippocampal volume and correlations with high blood oxidation status, differing from those without trauma. This redox dysregulation may lead to distinct symptom profiles and cognitive deficits in psychosis patients.
New reviews on symptom stability over time for bipolar disorder and psychotic disorders highlight the importance of diagnostic accuracy for prognosis and treatment. Diagnostic instability is associated with factors such as extreme age, female sex, and substance abuse, emphasizing the need for enhanced tools to quantify risk.
A research study found that machine learning outperformed human experts in predicting social outcomes for people at high risk of psychosis (83% accuracy) and those with recent-onset depression (70%). This could lead to personalized treatments to improve social functioning.
Research from King's College London has found that cannabidiol can help reduce psychotic symptoms by resetting abnormal brain activity. The study provides the first evidence of how cannabidiol acts in the brain to alleviate psychosis and suggests it could be a safer alternative to current treatments.
New research suggests that non-drug approaches should be prioritised in treating agitation in people with Alzheimer's disease, ranking assessment and management of underlying causes as the top treatment. Non-pharmacological treatments such as person-centred care and tailored activity programmes are also recommended for managing symptom...
A CAMH study reveals that people with schizophrenia have a disrupted stress response, differing from those at high risk for psychosis or healthy individuals. This discovery may provide clues into preventing schizophrenia.
Boosting learning from positive and negative feedback may prevent psychosis, according to researchers at the University of Missouri. Brain scans using functional magnetic resonance imaging can also identify markers for psychosis risk, helping mental health professionals better treat patients with psychoses.
A study found that changes in brain networks can predict psychosis in high-risk patients. Cortical folding was analyzed to identify potential biomarkers for clinical diagnosis.
Researchers developed an MRI-based approach to identify high-risk patients who will develop psychosis, with 80% accuracy. This method may help reverse the trajectory of psychosis by providing early-intervention therapy.
Researchers found that certain nutrient supplements, such as taurine and antioxidants, may improve mental health in young people with psychosis. The study suggests that these nutrients may be effective as an 'add-on' treatment for some patients.
A systematic review of eight clinical trials found that certain nutrient supplements, such as Taurine and antioxidants, may improve mental health in young people with psychosis. The review suggests that these nutrients could be effective 'add-on' treatments when used alongside standard treatment.
A recent study by the Academy of Finland found that daily and heavy smoking are independently linked to a higher risk of psychoses. Smoking begun at an early age was a particularly significant risk factor, with prevention of adolescent smoking likely to have positive effects on mental health in later life.
A study by Mount Sinai researchers found associations between age, body mass index, substance use, and brain structure in patients with psychosis. Higher IQs were positively linked to improved brain health, while higher age, BMI, and substance use were negatively associated.
Patients treated at PEPP experienced a significant reduction in risk of mortality, emergency department visits, and involuntary hospitalizations. However, benefits were not observed long-term, highlighting the need for further research on EPI program effectiveness.
A study of six countries found that young men, ethnic minorities, and people living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas are more likely to experience first-episode psychosis. The study also showed that environmental factors play a crucial role in the variation of incidence rates across urban and rural areas.
Pimavanserin has been found to effectively reduce psychosis symptoms in people with Alzheimer's disease without the damaging effects of other antipsychotics. The research, published in Lancet Neurology, shows a significant improvement in psychotic symptoms without sedation or falls, which are common side-effects of current treatments.
A computer-based language classifier predicted psychosis in at-risk youths with up to 83% accuracy, identifying disturbances in speech flow and tangential thinking as indicative of psychosis. The technology has the potential to improve prediction and prevention of psychosis by targeting cognitive deficits.
Researchers aim to identify brain mechanisms related to psychosis by studying corollary discharge signals in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. They will use an fMRI scanner to investigate the oculomotor system, which is thought to support a subjective sense of agency in these patients.
Research led by Professor Stephen Wood at Orygen found that individuals with autism traits and psychosis are at a greater risk of depression and suicidal thoughts. The study suggests that identifying autism traits can help identify those most at risk of suicide, highlighting the need for better training and assessments.
Researchers at Eurac Research and Medical University of Innsbruck have identified a new medical entity: isolated high-altitude psychosis. The condition is characterized by psychotic episodes in extreme altitudes, often accompanied by hallucinations and disorientation.
A new study finds that psychosis incidence can be up to eight times higher in some regions compared to others, highlighting the role of environmental factors in contributing to the condition. The study's findings suggest that areas with social deprivation and owner-occupied housing have lower rates of psychosis.
Research from Australia's NICM Health Research Institute finds large nutritional deficits in blood levels of critical nutrients among individuals with early psychosis. Vitamin B9 (folate) and D were found to be particularly low, associated with poorer mental health outcomes.