Articles tagged with Thyroid Cancer
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Studies show molecular imaging improves evaluation and treatment planning for various cancers, including thyroid cancer, lymphoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. The technique allows doctors to identify disease severity and extent, providing personalized care and adjusting treatment plans accordingly.
The Mayo Clinic team created four new ATC cell lines with distinct molecular mutations, which will aid in testing new treatments and potentially lead to improved survival rates. The researchers also found that these cell lines reactivate a tumor suppressor gene called RhoB, leading to growth suppression.
A new study by endocrinologists at the University at Buffalo has shown that Vietnam veterans exposed to Agent Orange have significantly more Graves' disease, a thyroid disorder. The autoimmune disease was three times more prevalent among veterans who encountered the dioxin-containing chemical.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have found a new aggressive treatment approach for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma to be highly effective, resulting in 70% one-year survival rate. The treatment combines surgery, intensity modulated radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, and is being tested in a nationwide clinical trial.
A recent study found that most patients with localized papillary thyroid cancer can expect favorable outcomes without treatment. The 20-year survival rate for these patients is estimated to be around 97%, similar to those who received treatment. Clinicians and patients can feel comfortable considering observation as an option.
Researchers discovered specific PTEN mutations linked to distinct kinds of cancer in organs targeted by Cowden syndrome. The study suggests that testing for these mutations could predict cancer severity in patients with the syndrome.
A combined PET-CT scan can accurately detect cancer in patients with neurologic symptoms more effectively than other tests. The study found that PET-CT detected abnormalities suggestive of cancer in 39% of patients, leading to early treatment and improved outcomes for 12 patients.
Residents of the volcanic area of Mt. Etna in Catania had a more than two times higher incidence of papillary thyroid cancer compared to those elsewhere on the island. The tumors from patients in this region frequently carried the BRAF V600E gene mutation, associated with aggressive thyroid cancer.
The American Thyroid Association has released new guidelines for managing thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer, focusing on clinical evaluation, fine-needle biopsy, and surgical management. The revised guidelines aim to provide a framework for the care of patients with nodular thyroid disease and thyroid cancer.
A Dutch study found that only 8.2% of fatigue patients received a diagnosis of severe illness, with musculoskeletal problems and psychological issues being the most common diagnoses. The study highlights the complexity of fatigue as a symptom of underlying specific disease.
A study examined thyroid surgery complications in patients aged 21-65. Results showed similar rates of complications between younger and older patients, with higher readmission rates due to hypocalcemia in the elderly group.
A new robot-assisted endoscopic technique successfully treated 200 consecutive patients with thyroid cancer, offering safer and easier operations with minimal scarring. The minimally invasive procedure uses the da Vinci Surgical System to remove part or all of the thyroid gland with less risk of complications.
Researchers found that ultrasound outperforms symptom analysis in detecting ovarian cancer, with TVS performing better for malignancies. Racial disparities in colorectal cancer survival dissipate after adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Thyroid cancer incidence increases across all tumor sizes, suggesting screening is not ...
The American Thyroid Association has developed comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring patients with Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC), an uncommon form of thyroid cancer. The guidelines cover a range of clinical topics and propose directions for future research.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that pazopanib stops new blood vessel growth, slowing aggressive differentiated thyroid cancer. The treatment showed promising results in about two-thirds of patients with fast-growing cancers that had spread to lungs and other organs.
A study at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center found certain ultrasound features indicative of cancer, allowing for non-invasive management. Microcalcifications, taller-than-wide shape, and hypoechogenicity were identified as high-risk features.
Patients with a history of radiation exposure are more likely to develop aggressive thyroid cancer and experience worse clinical outcomes. The study found that radiation-exposed patients were more likely to undergo total or near-total thyroidectomy, have distant metastases, and die from the disease.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have found that the experimental drug RS5444 turns on the RhoB tumor suppressor gene in cancer cells, inhibiting cell growth and blocking tumor growth. This finding suggests that other cancers may respond to this therapy, offering new hope for deadly anaplastic thyroid cancer treatment.
Researchers developed a hybrid SPECT-CT camera to accurately distinguish cancerous cells from healthy tissue in regional lymph nodes. This technology enables earlier detection and individualized treatment of thyroid cancer.
Mortality rates for most Canadian cancers are declining, while others are increasing, including liver and lung cancer. Research shows that at least half of all cancers are preventable, emphasizing the need for effective cancer control measures.
Preliminary trials of a new multi-kinase inhibitor, XL184, have indicated impressive tumour shrinkage activity in patients with advanced medullary thyroid cancer. The overall disease control rate was 84% in the 25 patients who have been followed for at least three months.
Researchers discovered a link between atomic bomb exposure and adult-onset papillary thyroid cancer, with a higher risk among younger people. The study found that radiation dose, age at the time of bombing, and elapsed time since exposure were independently associated with the development of the disease.
A clinical trial found that motesanib diphosphate, a VEGF inhibitor, slowed disease progression in some patients with metastatic thyroid cancer. The study also identified a genetic mutation associated with better response rates, offering potential for personalized therapy.
A new test using galectin-3 may help identify benign thyroid nodules, reducing the need for surgery. The test showed high sensitivity and specificity, with a positive predictive value of 82%.
A 12-year study found a significant increase in differentiated thyroid cancer cases, with small subclinical tumours accounting for the rise. Advances in medical imaging are thought to be responsible for the increased detection rate, rather than a change in disease patterns.
A specific gene mutation, BRAF V600E, is associated with increased risk of recurrence and death in thyroid cancer patients. The mutation can help guide treatment options and follow-up care, including aggressive surgery and radioiodine therapy.
Axitinib produced tumor regression or stable disease in almost 75% of patients with advanced thyroid cancer, according to a phase-2 trial. The study also found that axitinib prevented tumor growth and had a favorable side effect profile.
Researchers found that percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) significantly reduces tumor volume and alleviates symptoms in patients with radioiodine-ineffective bone metastasis from thyroid cancer. PEI's effectiveness was also linked to improved quality of life for selected patients.
A study found that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection increases the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma by 20-30% and Waldenström macroglobulinemia by nearly three-fold. HCV is also linked to an increased risk of nonmalignant plasma cell disorders.
A new study found that hairy cell leukemia survivors have an increased risk of developing certain cancers, including Hodgkin lymphoma and thyroid cancer. Meanwhile, a new test may be able to identify patients with a specific type of gene mutation that indicates an inherited form of colorectal cancer or potential response to certain drugs.
AkaRx has licensed the tetrac patents for treating thyroid cancer, developing AKR-201 to suppress TSH production. The drug aims to reduce side effects of hyperthyroidism in patients with thyroid cancer
Researchers at Queen's University have uncovered molecular mechanisms of a cancer-causing protein linked to thyroid cancer, paving the way for new treatments and potential prevention methods. The study provides valuable tools for targeting specific actions of the protein, which may aid in the development of anticancer therapies.
Researchers discovered that caveolin-3 inhibits myostatin signaling, preventing muscle wasting. Additionally, elevated PTTG1 levels triggered mitotic mischief, causing aneuploidy in thyroid cancer cells. Understanding these mechanisms can lead to potential therapies for muscular dystrophy and thyroid cancer.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that exposure to radioactive iodine after Chornobyl increases the risk of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents. Researchers estimate that 75% of thyroid cancer cases could have been avoided without radiation, highlighting a substantial contribution of radioac...
A study found that exposure to radioactive iodine after the Chornobyl accident significantly increases the risk of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents. The researchers estimate that 75% of these cases could have been avoided without radiation exposure.
A study found a significant increase in US thyroid cancer incidence from 1973-2002, largely attributed to improved early detection methods. The rise in papillary thyroid cancer was primarily due to increased detection of small cancers.
Researchers have created a new model to examine the process by which tumor cells develop an angiogenic phenotype, enabling them to grow rapidly. The study found that non-angiogenic tumor cells can switch to angiogenesis after several months, and that this switch is crucial for tumor growth and metastasis.
Researchers have discovered a new treatment option for thyroid cancer that allows patients to continue their thyroid hormone replacement therapy while undergoing radioiodine treatment, reducing unpleasant side effects. This breakthrough could improve the overall quality of life for thyroid cancer patients during treatment.
A new study has linked a specific gene mutation to poorer outcomes and increased recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The discovery provides a molecular marker to assess risk for patients with PTC, which is the most common type of thyroid cancer.
Researchers have identified 23 microRNAs that are significantly altered in the cancerous tissue compared to normal samples, with three miRs dramatically overexpressed and forming a signature that predicts the presence of malignant tissue. The study provides evidence for the regulatory role of microRNA in thyroid cancer development.
A study of Chernobyl children with thyroid cancer found no association between ret rearrangement and radiation exposure. Instead, the age of diagnosis may be a significant factor in understanding the molecular biology of thyroid cancer.
Researchers developed a new test for thyroid cancer that can detect recurrence up to three years before symptoms appear. The test measures thyroglobulin levels after injecting patients with Thyrogen, allowing for earlier detection of the disease.
A case-control study found a strong dose-response relationship between radiation dose and thyroid cancer risk, with iodine-deficient areas showing three times the risk. Stable iodine supplementation was associated with one-third the risk of radiation-related thyroid cancer compared to no supplementation.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers may lead to a test that prevents unnecessary thyroid gland removal in people with follicular adenoma. The study identified three genes, cyclin D2, PCSK2, and PLAB, which show distinct activity levels between noncancerous and cancerous thyroid conditions.
A study found that women with primary hypothyroidism had a 61% lower risk of developing invasive breast cancer. Women with breast cancer were also less likely to have hypothyroidism compared to healthy women, and those with the condition were diagnosed with earlier stage disease.
Researchers found that women with primary hypothyroidism had a 61 percent lower risk of developing invasive breast cancer and those newly diagnosed were 57 percent less likely to have the condition. Women with both conditions tended to be older when diagnosed with a less aggressive, indolent disease.
The Journal of Nuclear Medicine Supplement offers a comprehensive overview of radionuclide therapy, including its applications in thyroid cancer, lymphoma, and other diseases. The supplement highlights the growing importance of nuclear medicine in patient care and provides insight into emerging trends and technologies.
Researchers at Cincinnati University and the University of Munich have identified a novel oncogene in papillary thyroid cancer cases among Chernobyl residents. This oncogene resulted from fusion of part of the AKAP9 gene with one end of the BRAF gene, leading to uncontrolled cell division and transformation into malignant tumor cells.
A Swedish study has found a statistically significant correlation between the degree of Chernobyl fallout and an observed rise in cancer cases. The study monitored over 1,143,000 individuals for cancer development after being exposed to low levels of radioactive cesium-137.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified five genes that can distinguish between papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), two types of thyroid cancer with different behaviors and treatments. The study's findings may lead to a valuable diagnostic tool, improving patient outcomes.
Researchers in The Netherlands and Belgium developed a new technique that uses genetically engineered rhTSH to stimulate thyroid cancer cells to absorb radioactive iodine, avoiding hypothyroidism and increasing safety. This approach may allow higher doses of radioiodine to be used when needed, improving treatment efficacy.
A recent study published in Radiation Research has established a dose-response relationship between radiation dose from Chernobyl and thyroid cancer. Researchers found that the incidence of thyroid cancer was 45 times greater among those who received the highest radiation dose compared to those in the lowest-dose group.
A new study found that most phase I studies of targeted, non-cytotoxic anticancer agents used traditional toxicity endpoints to determine the recommended dose, while non-traditional endpoints were rarely incorporated. Researchers also identified a potential mechanism for acrylamide's mutagenicity and discovered genetic polymorphisms as...
A new treatment using genetically engineered thyrotropin alfa eliminates the need to withhold thyroid hormone medication after thyroidectomy, reducing symptoms of hypothyroidism. The study shows that patients can be treated effectively without experiencing unpleasant side effects.
A study examining health care benefits and disadvantages when physicians treat themselves found that even doctors who disapprove of self-doctoring may do so due to lack of thought. Benefits include convenience and control, but also risks such as delayed care and ignoring medical instincts.
A new study published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine found that taking patients off thyroid medication for only two weeks prior to a scan produces the desired changes in nearly 90% of patients. This simplified approach reduces the need for six-week follow-up scans, making it easier and quicker for patients.
The study found that rhTSH reduced the mean effective half-life of radioiodine by 26% in patients who received it before therapy. This reduction allowed patients to clear 131I more rapidly, resulting in lower radiation levels in their blood and tissues.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered a BRAF gene mutation in 68% of papillary thyroid cancers, which can be challenging to distinguish from benign conditions. This mutation causes continuous cell growth and division, leading to cancer.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that only 40% of patients with superficial bladder cancer had regular follow-up examinations, despite recommended guidelines. Patient characteristics such as age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status were independently associated with low-intensity surveillance.
Recent cancer patient data reveals higher-than-expected five-year to twenty-year relative survival rates across various types of cancer. Period analysis shows more optimistic estimates compared to traditional cohort-based methods.