Articles tagged with Vascular Diseases
A long-term study of 3,926 adults with CKD found that higher levels of physical activity reduced the risk of atherosclerotic events, new-onset heart failure, and death. The association was strongest for incident peripheral arterial disease and reinforces current guideline recommendations.
The article provides guidance on alternative imaging methods for interventional radiology procedures, including the use of intravascular ultrasound, alternative contrast agents such as gadolinium and carbon dioxide, and case prioritization strategies to optimize available supplies. The authors recommend creating a priority matrix and h...
Researchers have identified a crucial role for two proteins YAP and TAZ in angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation. They also found that this process is regulated by nutrient absorption and can be linked to vascular diseases like macular degeneration.
A recent review article highlights the crucial role of macrophages in the progression from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study suggests that targeting specific signaling pathways and altering macrophage activation can prevent renal fibrosis and CKD. Therapeutic strategies such as clodronate liposomes an...
A study found that US adults receiving hemodialysis with high air pollution exposure have more heart attacks and strokes compared to those with low exposure. The strongest associations were noted among patients who were Asian, older, or had chronic lung disease at dialysis initiation.
Researchers have discovered a new molecular treatment effective against low-flow vascular malformations using the AKT inhibitor miransertib. The study also found that active angiogenesis is needed for malformations to occur, opening the door to preventive strategies.
The American College of Chest Physicians' flagship journal CHEST published its June issue featuring 58 articles on various chest medicine topics, including asthma and COPD. The journal is set to expand with two new open-access journals, CHEST Pulmonary and CHEST Critical Care.
Researchers will track changes in the blood-brain barrier, neurovascular function, and cognition in over 850 participants with genetic variants at risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. The study aims to improve understanding of the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease and identify effective interventions.
Researchers developed a new ultrasound localization microscopy technique to image blood vessels and measure blood flow in the brain. The method uses microscopic bubbles as a contrast agent and accelerates post-processing to 10-30 seconds, enabling rapid imaging of whole-brain microvasculature.
A study by Columbia University researchers found that the gene FMNL2 links cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting changes in FMNL2 activity cause toxic protein clearance issues. This mechanism may lead to a way to prevent Alzheimer's in people with hypertension, diabetes, or heart disease.
Researchers discovered Empa, an FDA-approved diabetes medication, improved blood vessel function and reduced arterial stiffness in aged male mice. The study suggests SGLT2 inhibition may be a therapeutic tool to delay or reverse vascular aging in humans.
A study by researchers at UCSF found that e-cigarette use costs the US $15 billion annually in healthcare expenditures, with each user paying around $2,000 extra per year compared to non-users. The study, published in Tobacco Control, highlights the growing concern over health care costs associated with e-cigarette use.
Scientists found that a single 45-minute session of moderate-intensity exercise enables the growth of new blood vessels in people with type 2 diabetes. The exercise increases levels of ATP7A, a protein carried by exosomes that helps deliver essential copper to endothelial cells, promoting angiogenesis and reducing oxidative stress.
High blood pressure can cause long-lasting changes in the structure of vascular smooth muscle cells, stiffening arterial walls and increasing the risk of cerebrovascular disease. Researchers found that a signaling pathway triggered by E–T coupling is involved in this process, leading to inflammation and vascular remodeling.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine-led study found that COVID-19-induced loss of smell is linked to inflammation-caused nerve damage, weakening odor signals to the brain. The researchers discovered more severe vascular injury and fewer axons in the olfactory bulb of patients with diminished or complete loss of smell.
Researchers developed new method to visualize CNS fibroblasts and their intercellular interactions in the CNS. The technique provides a detailed picture of CNS fibroblasts, including their location, size, morphology, and gene/protein expression patterns.
Researchers found that AI-enhanced diagnosis helps doctors accurately detect fetal congenital heart disease, with fellows making the most accurate diagnoses. The new system uses graphical charts to represent the AI's analysis of ultrasound videos, improving accuracy and trust among medical professionals.
The American College of Chest Physicians journal features cutting-edge original research on various chest medicine topics, including asthma, COPD, critical care, and sleep. The March issue includes a special series on nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, offering insights into clinical epidemiology, risk factors, and diagnosis.
Researchers created a new device called the lymphangion-chip, which models a section of a lymph vessel and can recreate conditions such as lymphedema. This innovation could lead to better understanding of mechanical forces regulating lymphatic physiology and pathophysiology.
Researchers developed a new imaging approach called VascuViz to visualize blood vessels at different spatial scales. The method enables detailed mathematical models and complementary images to clarify the role of blood flow in health and disease, advancing our understanding of tissues throughout the body.
A study led by Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center finds that Black patients with dilated cardiomyopathy have a higher risk of family members being affected. The research analyzed data from 1,220 patients and their relatives, revealing that 39% of Black patients had at least one first-degree family member with the condition.
Researchers at West Virginia University are investigating the link between chronic stress and Alzheimer's disease using animal models. They aim to understand how xanthine oxidase may sabotage brain blood vessels in Alzheimer's patients, and explore whether a medication can block this pathway to keep the brain healthy.
A study suggests that nearly 60 percent of the risk associated with coronary artery disease may be explained by changes in hundreds of genes working together in networks across several organs. Fat processing hormones may play a central role in coordinating this activity.
Researchers found that a unique protein variant in modern humans offers better protection against oxidative stress, but also increases the risk of vascular disease and inflammatory bowel disease. The Neanderthal variant is carried by around 1-2% of the population on the Indian subcontinent.
Scientists have found that the gene PBK is overexpressed in pulmonary hypertension, causing excessive cell proliferation and thickening of pulmonary artery walls. They are now exploring PBK inhibitors to reduce cell proliferation and improve heart and lung function.
Researchers found that up to one in five patients experience increased troponin levels after major surgery, indicating potential heart damage. These patients were also more likely to be anaemic before the operation.
A study of HIV-positive black and Latino men found that methamphetamine use combined with intimate partner violence boosts inflammatory and antiviral genes, leading to immune system exhaustion. This combination may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and other disorders.
A new study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine showed that a fast-tracked stroke drug, 3K3A-APC, protected mice from injury to the brain's white matter, a leading cause of dementia. The drug may also be effective in slowing down progression of cognitive impairment.
Researchers found that candesartan reduces accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins and normalizes blood flow in mice with hereditary cerebral small vessel disease. The study suggests a potential new treatment avenue for age-related cerebral arteriopathy.
A study found that consuming high amounts of herbs and spices daily can lead to significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The researchers discovered that adding just 1.3 teaspoons of herbs and spices a day to an average American diet resulted in lower blood pressure after four weeks.
A USF Health study reveals that fibrinogen can directly interact with neurons, leading to inflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury. The researchers found that blocking the binding of fibrinogen to its receptors may alleviate short-term memory problems associated with these diseases.
Researchers at GIST create an optical technique called optical speckle image velocimetry that can image dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow, allowing for the diagnosis of brain health. The technique provides high-time resolution and measures both speed and direction of blood flow.
Microglia play a vital support role in maintaining blood vessels in the brain, regulating blood flow and capillary diameter. This discovery may lead to new therapies for diseases affecting small brain vessels, such as Alzheimer's and stroke.
Researchers found that a cancer chemotherapy drug can restore memory and cognitive function in mice with Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting blood vessel growth. The study suggests repurposing approved anti-cancer drugs as treatments for Alzheimer’s disease, potentially shortening clinical development time.
A pre-clinical study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers shows that a drug targeting specific immune pathways can prevent lung damage and death in mice infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The study suggests targeted treatments may be more suitable for COVID-19 patients than broad immune suppressants.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet studied long-term outcomes of patients with pacemakers after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and found no significant difference in mortality. The study included over 3,400 patients, with 481 receiving permanent pacemakers within 30 days of surgery.
Atrial fibrillation screening in 75- and 76-year-olds may significantly reduce the risk of stroke, severe bleeding, and death. The study, published in The Lancet, found that at least 2,300 cases of stroke or death could be avoided per year with national screening.
A new study examining the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and skin diseases reveals a strong link between the two conditions. The research, published in Chinese Medical Journal, found that 93.5% of individuals with T2DM had skin problems, including over 47 types of comorbid skin diseases.
Alzheimer's disease disorganises blood vessels around amyloid plaques, causing loss of vessels and worsening pathology. This mechanism aggravates the disease by reducing the brain's ability to clean toxic substances, leading to increased strain on oxygen and nutrient supply.
Researchers have identified a connection between perivascular fibroblast cells and ALS disease onset, suggesting a correlation between elevated protein marker SPP1 levels and aggressive disease process. This discovery has potential implications for earlier diagnoses and future treatments.
A new study has found that people with cerebral small vessel disease who have blood-brain barrier leakage have more brain tissue damage over two years than those with less leakage. The study also found a higher leakage rate at the start of the study resulted in more loss of tissue microstructure around brain lesions.
A new surgical technique, Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS), demonstrates reduced recurrent stroke rates from 37% to 10.7%. The EDAS procedure reroutes arteries to segments at risk of stroke, mimicking the process of 'gardening' for blood flow.
A large study of over 2,300 patients found that paclitaxel-coated balloons and stents do not increase mortality rates compared to conventional devices. The results resolve a long-standing debate on the safety of these treatments for peripheral arterial disease.
A new study from La Jolla Institute for Immunology reveals that a metabolic enzyme called ADA2 inhibits inflammation in blood vessels and restrains the immune system. The researchers found that ADA2's loss stimulates a robust innate immune response, which can lead to harmful inflammation.
A new study published in the Journal of Vascular Surgery found that the Ellipsys System created durable vascular access for ESRD patients who require hemodialysis, with a patency rate of 96% after one year. This minimally invasive procedure reduces reliance on riskier vascular access options and improves patient safety.
Researchers have identified a link between yield decline and soilborne disease symptoms in winter squash, including stunting and root rot. The study's findings suggest that rotating out of winter squash production for at least 3-4 years can help prevent disease symptoms.
Researchers discovered a mechanism by which blood vessels' inner liner grows in response to transient increases in blood pressure. This process may lead to therapeutics that cut off tumors or help rebuild damaged vessels. The study's findings have implications for combating tumor growth and disease.
A Swedish study has found that abdominal arterial aneurysm is associated with elevated subtypes of white blood cells in older men. Quitting smoking also appears to positively impact the disease's course.
Most patients with COVID-19 pneumonia have ground-glass opacities (86.1%) or mixed GGO and consolidation (64.4%), according to a multi-center study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology. The lesions are often peripheral, bilateral, lower lung predominant, and multifocal.
A study of nearly 65,000 patients has found that paclitaxel-coated devices are safe and not linked to an increase in deaths. The analysis, which is the largest of its kind, suggests that drug-eluting stents and balloons have no increased risk of death over long-term follow-up.
Researchers found that people with mild cognitive impairment may have different brain changes depending on the type of dementia they have. The study suggests that these changes could potentially be used to track early changes in Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine examined coatings on drug-coated balloon catheters using microscopy and cell cultures to improve delivery efficiency. They found that coating shape affects drug transfer, leading to better device performance and potential outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati are studying the use of neuroimaging to pinpoint the risk factors of stroke recurrence, which affects nearly 800,000 people annually in the US. The study aims to identify patients at higher risk for recurrent strokes by assessing imaging for signs of small vessel disease in the brain.
A new minimally-invasive surgical technique has been developed to create dialysis access for patients with severe kidney disease. The WavelinQ endoAVF System allows vascular surgeons to create a connection between an artery and vein using magnets, reducing the risk of complications and surgeries.
A new study published in Vascular Medicine found that e-cigarette users experience significant cardiovascular elevation, comparable to cigarette smokers. The research revealed elevated blood pressure and heart rate after using e-cigarettes, with some effects lasting up to 45 minutes.
Researchers have discovered a possible treatment approach for cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), the most common cause of dementia and stroke in older adults. Studies with rats showed that treating SVD can reverse changes in blood vessels in the brain associated with the condition, as well as prevent damage to brain cells.
A randomized clinical trial of 200 patients with PAD found that a home-based exercise program with a wearable activity monitor and telephone coaching did not improve walking endurance. The results suggest that traditional in-person exercise programs may be more effective in improving walking ability for this patient population.
A new study by Northwestern University found that a home-based exercise program with wearable devices and telephone coaching did not improve walking ability in patients with peripheral artery disease. The researchers suggest that this approach may worsen pain for participants, limiting their activity levels.
The April 2018 issue of Vascular Medicine explores the latest imaging and diagnostic techniques for vascular disease. Key findings include updates on ABI testing, duplex ultrasound, MRA, and CTA, as well as recent advances in MRI for patients with PAD.
Researchers at UCSB used star ascidian to study the interaction between cells and their physical environment, finding a mechanism that allows blood vessels to shrink without impeding blood flow. This discovery has implications for understanding cellular development and metastasis in cancer.