Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
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The Herceptin trial showed a significant reduction in disease recurrence in women with aggressive HER2-positive breast cancer. The treatment improved disease-free survival and overall outcomes, with no serious cardiac side effects reported.
A recent study examined mortality and complications within 30 days following radical prostatectomy in 11,010 men who underwent the surgery between 1990 and 1999. The study found that age was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality, but the absolute risk of death was low even among men ages 70 to 79.
Researchers found that individuals carrying CDKN2A mutations have a significantly higher risk of developing melanoma by age 50 (14%), 70 (24%), and 80 (28%). Genetic testing is unlikely to identify many mutation carriers due to the modest impact of these mutations on population incidence.
A new mouse model has been developed to study secondary malignant neoplasms (SMNs) induced by chemotherapy and radiation in humans. The Nf1 mutant mice model mimics human SMNs, including leukemia, sarcoma, and breast cancers, providing a tractable system for mechanistic studies and testing preventive strategies.
Combining chemotherapy with radiation therapy before surgery improves local tumor control and reduces cancer return rates. The study, published by the American Society for Radiation Oncology, suggests this treatment should be recommended for most rectal cancer patients.
A randomized study of 471 women with T1-T2 invasive breast cancer found that those with high-risk factors may benefit from an aromatase inhibitor added to five years of tamoxifen. The study suggests a 1-2% clinical benefit, which is below the commonly used threshold of 3%.
A Fox Chase study found that men with a history of TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate) and an intermediate PSA level are at higher risk for prostate cancer recurrence. This misleads doctors about disease extent, potentially leading to less aggressive treatment.
Researchers developed a new radiation technique that targets cancer while sparing hair follicles, resulting in minimal hair loss. The study used intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) on 10 patients with stage IV brain cancer, showing promising results and improved overall survival rates.
A study of 487 cancer patients found that almost twice as many used CAM therapies when treated with chemotherapy alone compared to radiation therapy. Patients reported high satisfaction with using cost-effective CAM methods like supplements, but few relied on their doctors for information on these treatments.
A recent study found that African-American women with faulty cell cycle checkpoints are at a nearly five-fold increased risk of developing lung cancer. The study suggests that less effective cell cycle checkpoints may lead to genetic instability and increased cancer risk in this population.
Mr. Anduri, a 30-year lymphoma survivor, is being recognized for his dedication to helping others in the local community through volunteer work with CanSurmount and the National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship. The award highlights his generous spirit and good coming out of his cancer experience.
Researchers identified a significant increased risk of stroke among Hodgkin disease survivors compared to siblings of cancer survivors. The study found an incidence of strokes at 83.6 per 100,000 person-years for Hodgkin disease survivors, significantly higher than the control group.
A study found that errors in cancer diagnosis were relatively frequent and institution-dependent, with gynecologic errors resulting in harm in 45% of cases. The majority of errors were caused by sub-optimal specimen collection, while pathologist misinterpretation ranged from 5-50%.
A study published in JAMA found that patients with melanoma are at a higher risk of developing multiple primary melanomas. The study identified characteristics of patients at risk and estimated the five-year risk of MPM to be significantly higher for those with positive family history or dysplastic nevi.
A study found that increased intake of phytoestrogens, found in soy products and certain fruits and vegetables, was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer. The study analyzed data from over 1,600 patients with lung cancer and matched healthy controls, revealing sex-specific differences in protective effects.
Patients with fever of unknown origin have a higher risk of developing cancer, particularly haematological and sarcomas, than the general population. After several years of follow-up, diagnostic bias is believed to be a contributing factor to the association.
A study found that a thorough family history is an effective measure for cancer risk, with 20% of women with breast or ovarian cancer having a high risk of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations. Women of Ashkenazi ancestry were more likely to have high-risk family histories than those of non-Ashkenazi ancestry.
Renal transplant recipients are at increased risk for melanoma due to immunosuppression, with a 3.6-fold increase in incidence compared to the general population. The risk increases five percent per year after transplantation and is greater in men, who also experience rapid age-related increases.
A novel screening method for pancreatic cancer has been developed by scientists at the University of Liverpool. The method analyzes genetic mutations in pancreatic juice to determine an individual's risk of developing cancer, with results ranging from a 0.1% chance to a 90% certainty.
A recent international survey found that nearly 90% of Europeans are aware of heart failure, but only 3% can identify its symptoms. The study also revealed major misconceptions about the condition, including the notion that it is a normal consequence of aging or that modern drugs cannot prevent its development.
Researchers have found that certain anti-cancer drugs, known as FTIs, can block biochemical processes causing progeria's symptoms. The collaboration has shown a strong positive effect on progeria patients' cells.
Researchers found that smokers with specific genetic variants were more likely to abstain from smoking if using Zyban, while those with other variants had higher quit rates with nicotine replacement therapy. The study suggests that genetic information can be used to select the most effective treatment for individual smokers.
Researchers identify six distinct p53 isoforms in human cells, revealing their potential role in modulating tumor suppressor activity and cell death. These findings may help identify patients at risk of developing aggressive cancer and inform personalized drug therapy.
A study found that two-thirds of Phase I abstracts accepted by the American Society of Clinical Oncology were published in peer-reviewed medical journals within seven and a half years. The median time to publication was 3.4 years, which is concerning as it may delay further investigation with encouraging agents.
Researchers found direct decompressive surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy to be the most effective treatment, enabling 84% of patients to walk after treatment. This approach also reduced dependence on corticosteroids and opiod analgesics, showing significant benefits for patients with metastatic cancer.
Researchers found that screen-detected breast cancers tend to have better prognoses than clinically detected ones, but may not lead to lower mortality. Meanwhile, patients on cetuximab therapy are at risk of hypomagnesemia and require magnesium supplementation. Additionally, men with Klinefelter syndrome may be more likely to develop c...
Scientists have discovered a way to regrow the thymus, which produces T cells required to fight infection, through inhibiting sex steroids. This breakthrough offers new hope for treating cancer, AIDS, and other immunodeficiencies by improving T cell responses and recovery following bone marrow transplants.
A new study has identified older Americans with new-onset diabetes as a high-risk group for pancreatic cancer. The research found that patients with type 2 diabetes are at a significantly higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer compared to those without the condition, highlighting the need for early detection and screening.
Researchers found that hospitals performing over 10 cystectomies per year had statistically significant lower mortality and morbidity rates. Additionally, hospitals with a high nurse-to-patient ratio reduced post-operative mortality by more than 50 percent regardless of the hospital's cystectomy volume.
A minimally invasive core-needle biopsy guided by CT scans or ultrasound appears to be an effective way to obtain tumor samples, replacing surgery. The technique shows high accuracy rates for diagnosing childhood cancers, with a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 100%, according to St. Jude Children's Research Hospital researchers.
A new experimental drug PKC412 has been discovered to combat resistant tumors in GIST patients. The study reveals that KIT's reactivation is a crucial factor in tumor cell resistance, and PKC412 can counteract this process.
Men with prostate cancer are 10% less likely to be working six months after diagnosis compared to those without the disease. However, approximately two-thirds of patients continue to work due to fear of losing health insurance coverage, often at reduced hours and with decreased productivity.
A national survey found that nearly half of Americans believe misconceptions about cancer, including that surgical treatment spreads the disease. The study suggests that public education interventions are needed to address these misconceptions among vulnerable populations.
A study of Japanese and US medical residents found that Japanese doctors are more likely to involve patients' families in decision-making, reflecting stronger family ties in Japan. In contrast, US residents tend to prioritize individual autonomy, with many preferring to communicate solely with the patient.
A new study finds that post-surgical chemotherapy significantly improves five-year survival rates for patients with non-small cell lung cancer, reducing cancer recurrence by 49% compared to surgery alone. The treatment is inexpensive and has limited side effects, paving the way for a new standard of care.
High-volume surgeons and hospitals are associated with significantly better cancer outcomes, particularly for complex surgeries. While the reasons behind this correlation remain unclear, it supports the centralization of oncology services to improve patient care.
A new approach to PET imaging scans may help diagnose more cancerous lesions, with Saint Louis University researchers finding that up to 8% of cancerous legions occur outside the current imaging field. The true whole-body scan protocol has been successfully tested and could become the standard for all PET centers.
A study of 1500 men with locally confined prostate cancer found that delaying radiation therapy did not affect overall survival, disease-specific survival, or treatment failure rates. This research provides reassurance for patients considering delayed treatment, allowing them to make informed decisions.
Researchers analyzed 3,500 breast cancer patients to identify factors associated with relapse. Patients with ER+/PgR- status, HER2 overexpression, or fewer than 10 positive axillary nodes did not show increased risk of relapse. Massive involvement of axillary nodes was linked to a higher risk of developing distant or local relapse.
A new study found that phenotypic and functional qualities of T cells are associated with the ability to regress large tumors. Naïve and early effector T cells were more effective for tumor treatment than more differentiated T cells. This discovery is important for developing improved adoptive immunotherapy approaches.
Researchers identified an 11-gene BMI-1-pathway signature that consistently predicts disease recurrence, metastasis, and death after therapy in cancer patients. The presence of this gene expression pathway is associated with a high probability of poor therapy outcome and metastasis.
Research on the ATM gene suggests that women carrying one mutated copy are twice as likely to develop breast cancer, with a lifetime risk of one in six compared to one in 11 in the general population. Meanwhile, a new study on ursodeoxycholic acid treatment found a 39% reduction in colorectal adenoma recurrence among patients who recei...
A study by Beth E. Meyerowitz and colleagues found that cancer survivors are twice as likely to experience cognitive deficits, including dementia, compared to their cancer-free twins. The authors suggest that cancer treatments may lower survivors' cognitive reserve, leading to increased risk of long-term cognitive dysfunction.
Researchers at U-M have identified a method that produces viable eggs when thawed, allowing cancer patients to preserve fertility. The vitrification technique enables 98% survival of eggs after thawing, compared to traditional slow-freeze techniques.
Researchers used PET/CT scans to evaluate nearly 2,000 cancer patients and detected unexpected additional malignancies. These newly identified lesions are often of early stage and have a better likelihood of being cured if treated promptly and aggressively.
A clinical trial by Mayo Clinic found that shark cartilage did not demonstrate any efficacy in patients with advanced breast or colorectal cancers. In fact, some quality of life measurements worsened among patients treated with shark cartilage.
Patients who survived at least two years post-transplant showed reduced risk of death each year after the fifth anniversary. Mortality not related to relapse was increased in patients with specific chemotherapy regimens and stem cell sources.
A study found that cetuximab, an Erbitux-based treatment, helped shrink tumors and extend survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had previously failed treatment. The typical patient survived 6.6 months after treatment.
Panitumumab demonstrated a median survival time of 37.6 weeks and tumor response for 29% of patients with mCRC. The study confirmed safety and efficacy findings previously reported, suggesting panitumumab as an additional treatment option for managing the disease.
A randomized head-to-head study demonstrates Aranesp dosed every two weeks is comparable to Epoetin alfa dosed weekly in terms of transfusion rates and hemoglobin achievement. The study involved over 1,200 patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia and found similar outcomes between the two treatment groups.
A randomized trial found that the ALL-2 regimen of cytarabine with high-dose mitoxantrone improved complete remission rates and survival outcomes for patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. The regimen demonstrated a significant survival advantage, particularly in patients with the Philadelphia chromosome genetic predisposition.
A Phase 3 study of Aranesp dosed every three weeks achieved a 91% success rate in maintaining target hemoglobin levels, with 72% of patients sustaining the level over 16 weeks. The treatment showed reduced need for red blood cell transfusions and consistent adverse event profile.
A large community-based clinical trial showed a significant reduction in febrile neutropenia and chemotherapy dose reductions among older patients receiving Neulasta. The study found that Neulasta reduced the incidence of serious adverse events, including hospitalizations and pneumonia.
Researchers analyzed tumor DNA from 324 GIST patients and found that those with a KIT exon 11 mutation responded better to Gleevec. The study confirms the need for new drugs for patients whose GIST genotype is less responsive to Gleevec.
Researchers have developed serum proteomic fingerprints for diagnosing gastric cancer, achieving an accuracy rate of 73% in detecting the disease. Additionally, confocal endomicroscopy has been found to be more effective in monitoring ulcerative colitis and detecting precancerous lesions, potentially saving lives.
A phase II trial found that Herceptin can be used safely for bladder cancer with few serious adverse effects related to the drug. The study showed good responses to treatment in patients with HER2-positive bladder cancer, laying the foundation for a future phase III trial.
A new kidney cancer drug has shown a partial response rate of 40% in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, significantly higher than the standard treatment's 15% response rate. The medication, SU11248, was well-tolerated and had significant side effects, but offered improved survival rates for some patients.
Sebastian Nijman's research reveals the molecular mechanism underlying cylindromatosis, a rare genetic condition causing skin tumors. The study also identifies a key protein in Fanconi anaemia, a form of inherited cancer, and finds potential treatment through inhibition of NF-kappa B signalling route.
A clinical trial involving over 730 colorectal cancer patients suggests that keyhole surgery may be the new gold standard for colon cancer treatment, offering rapid recovery rates, less pain, and fewer complications. The study found similar cancer-related survival and quality of life outcomes between keyhole and open surgery groups.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a new blood test for ovarian cancer screening using four biomarkers, showing high sensitivity and specificity. The test predicts cancer in patients whose levels of two or more biomarkers fall within a certain warning area.