Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
A large prospective study has found that hospital mortality rates for people with cancer do not appear to have reduced over time, unlike those for people with no history of cancer. The findings are based on anonymized data from over 195,000 people hospitalized in the UK.
A new study finds that left-sided breast cancer radiation therapy increases the risk of coronary artery disease in younger survivors, with a significant increase in risk seen at 10.5% for those who received left-sided radiation therapy compared to 5.8% for right-sided.
Research found significant discrepancies in delivery and funding of fertility preservation services across the UK, with unequal access to options for child cancer patients. Experts are calling for consistent, centralized funding to ensure all children have an equal chance to preserve their fertility after cancer treatment.
The FIRSTMAPPP trial found that sunitinib significantly prolongs progression-free survival in patients with malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. The study demonstrated the efficacy of sunitinib as a treatment option for this rare cancer, which is commonly treated with old and toxic agents.
The NCI-funded National Clinical Trials Network has added 14 million years of life to people diagnosed with cancer in the US. The network's randomized phase III studies have had a profound impact on cancer research and treatment, influencing over 80% of treatment guideline recommendations.
Patients with cancer show strong immune response to COVID-19 vaccination without increased side effects. A third booster dose may further increase protection.
In the UK, children and young people with cancer often rely on charities to access fertility preservation services due to lack of centralized NHS funding. Researchers found significant regional variation in the availability and length of time these services are funded.
The MONALEESA-2 trial found that adding a CDK 4/6 inhibitor to first-line hormonal treatment prolongs survival by one year for postmenopausal women with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. The combination of endocrine therapy and the CDK 4/6 inhibitor ribociclib also extends progression-free survival.
Novartis presents Phase III MONALEESA-2 study results demonstrating improved overall survival with Kisqali (ribociclib) in combination with letrozole. The analysis shows a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in survival, with median OS of 63.9 months.
A novel combination of abiraterone acetate and prednisolone has been shown to prolong survival in patients with hormone/castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Studies PEACE-1 and STAMPEDE found that the addition of these drugs to standard therapy lengthened survival compared to standard therapy alone.
A new trial run by UCL researchers shows promise in slowing the regrowth of tumors among some bowel cancer patients. The drug adavosertib was found to delay tumour growth by about two months on average and had relatively few side effects, particularly in left-sided/rectal tumours.
The KEYNOTE-716 trial shows that adjuvant pembrolizumab significantly prolongs recurrence-free survival and halves distant recurrences in stage II B/C melanoma patients. This suggests that patients with high-risk stage II melanoma should be offered adjuvant therapy.
The KEYNOTE-826 study found that adding immunotherapy to standard first-line treatment increases overall survival by eight months for patients with recurrent, persistent or metastatic cervical cancer. The addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy also reduced the risk of death and disease progression by 33%.
A study at ESMO Congress 2021 highlights the need for improved cancer follow-up care to address burdensome symptoms like fatigue. Patients often receive inadequate support, leading to widespread dissatisfaction.
A survey of 5,589 cancer patients found widespread unawareness about immunotherapy's mechanism, efficacy, and cost. Non-oncology doctors also face challenges in keeping up with the latest developments in oncology.
Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors show better quality of life and reduced symptoms compared to those without immunotherapy. The study analyzed self-reported outcomes of 26 published studies and found that patients' global quality of life was stable or improved, but breathing difficulties increased
Researchers at Kyoto University designed a synthetic molecular code, EnPGC-1, that activates mitochondrial biogenesis in T cells, increasing their numbers and longevity. The approach enhances anti-tumor immunity in mice and improves survival.
Eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in destroying malignant tumors by recruiting T-cells and releasing destructive proteins. The study, published in Cancer Research, reveals that eosinophils combat cancer effectively but require the help of T-cells to do so.
New research highlights the need for adequate communication and support for children of cancer patients. Children can experience anxiety, depression, and behavioral changes due to parental illness, yet many parents struggle to address these issues on their own.
A mixed-methods survey of US-based oncology clinicians reveals disparities in biomarker testing use, with academic clinicians more likely to use it. Clinicians express need for education on financial resources, practical applications, and coordinating multidisciplinary care.
The IMpower010 trial found significant disease-free survival improvement in patients with resected stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer treated with atezolizumab. The study showed a benefit across different disease stages, surgery types, and chemotherapy regimens.
Researchers have shown that physical exercise normalizes metabolic abnormalities caused by cancer, reducing anemia and associated fatigue. Exercise regenerates metabolism, blunting excessive blood cell formation and destruction, leading to improved tolerance of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Researchers found that ribociclib achieved pharmacologically-relevant concentrations in tumor tissue, while everolimus showed minimal penetration. The combination is promising for brain cancer treatment and could lead to new therapeutic drug combinations.
Researchers found that the gene TCF-1 regulates specific Treg cells, leading to more severe and inflammatory colon cancers. Without TCF-1, these cells become activated and gain a gut-homing feature, resulting in harsher cancer outcomes.
A new study suggests that T cell therapy alone or combined with cancer drug nivolumab is safe and persistent in attacking Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. The treatment showed promising results in patients with relapsed or refractory HL, offering a potential option for those who do not respond to checkpoint inhibitors.
Researchers analyzed large datasets to find biomarkers that could help select immunotherapy treatment for older patients. The analysis suggests that factors such as mutational burden and immune checkpoint protein expression are associated with increased response to immunotherapies in older patients, despite lower general immunity.
Researchers found that remnant cholesterol levels above 24 micrograms per deciliter were associated with a 40-50% higher risk of major heart disease or stroke. The study suggests using remnant cholesterol as an additional metric for predicting cardiovascular disease and stroke risk, in addition to LDL cholesterol levels.
Researchers explored exosomal markers CD63 and CD9 in rectal adenocarcinoma. Higher expressions correlated with high NAR scores, suggesting prognostic significance. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation impact on exosomal marker expression was found, warranting further studies.
Researchers from Cleveland Clinic have published results showing that Temporally Feathered Radiation Therapy (TFRT) is a safe and feasible approach to reduce toxicity in radiation treatment. The technique optimizes radiation delivery time to improve normal tissue recovery, potentially improving patient quality of life.
Despite its promise, cancer immunotherapy faces several hurdles, including limited efficacy and variable outcomes. Researchers are exploring new therapeutic targets and combination strategies to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes.
Silent mutations, which don't change protein sequences, hold diagnostic value in predicting cancer types and patient survival. The study analyzed over 10,000 cancer genomes and found that combining information from silent and non-silent mutations improved classification and prognostication up to 17% and 5%, respectively.
A new study reports that chemotherapy plus immunotherapy before surgical removal reduces tumor invasiveness in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. In the phase II clinical trial, nearly 25% of bladder cancers were found to be invasive, and surgery often had limited success due to microscopic cancer cell spread.
The study found that cancer diagnoses increased significantly among US patients during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis revealed a notable rise in cancer diagnosis rates, with some types of cancer experiencing more pronounced increases than others.
Researchers from the University of South Australia are conducting a new study to understand what works well and what needs improvement in clinical trials for cancer patients. The study aims to identify barriers to trial participation and inform best practice, ultimately improving access to clinical trials and systems across Adelaide.
Researchers from Okayama University conducted a randomized trial to assess the benefits of interventions for early cancer screening in patients with schizophrenia. The study found that 47.1% of counseled patients underwent colorectal cancer screening, compared to 11.8% of those receiving only usual treatment.
A novel AI-powered blood test, DELFI, has been developed to detect lung cancer with high accuracy. The test uses machine learning to analyze cell-free DNA in the bloodstream and has been shown to identify over 90% of patients with lung cancer.
A large retrospective analysis of 14,000 patients with colorectal cancer found that common blood-pressure drugs like ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers were associated with decreased mortality. Patients who took their blood-pressure drugs consistently were less likely to die from their cancer.
A CRISPR screening tool identified ZMYND8, an epigenetic regulatory protein, as a potential new therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia. Inhibiting ZMYND8 has been shown to leave cancer cells with smaller tumors and better survival in mouse models.
A novel approach to improve fitness for surgery, known as 'prehabilitation', has been shown to reduce cancer patients' hospital stay by 1.8 days compared to standard care. This study suggests that prehabilitation can benefit patient outcomes and potentially confer a survival advantage.
Researchers identified and contacted patients with cancer who could benefit from targeted nonelectronic communication regarding COVID-19 immunization. The study used an analytics-based approach to reach marginalized populations, highlighting the importance of targeted outreach in increasing vaccine uptake.
Researchers identified DSS1 as a critical protein in breast cancer progression and found that depleting it makes cancer cells more responsive to lower doses of anti-cancer drugs. This technique may reduce drug-induced side effects in breast cancer patients, providing a safer treatment option.
A recent study reveals that some prostate cancer survivors experience a persistent fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) even many years after diagnosis and treatment. The study identified patient and clinical risk factors linked with FCR, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring and psychosocial care.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University successfully printed the first entirely active and viable glioblastoma tumor using a 3D printer. The 3D-bioprinted model includes functional blood vessels that simulate a real tumor, making it a promising tool for predicting treatment efficacy and drug development.
A new study investigated the benefits of patient participation in tumour conferences for complex cancer cases. Most respondents perceived their participation as a positive experience, finding it informative and recommended to others. However, some patients reported feelings of fear and uncertainty after participating in the conference.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified a new mechanism of resistance in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients to CAR T cell therapy. They found that inhibiting the BET protein with the small molecule inhibitor JQ1 can reinvigorate exhausted T cells and increase their production.
Researchers found that four patients with rare angiosarcoma partially or completely responded to treatment with a combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab. Stable disease was maintained by two more patients, with at least one patient experiencing complete tumor disappearance.
Researchers investigated SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine response in cancer patients and healthy controls. The study found that the vaccine's antispike IgG antibody response wanes over time in patients on active anticancer treatment.
Scientists investigated a method to enhance immunotherapy for lung cancer and found that combining it with certain chemotherapy drugs could eliminate harmful immune cells. This approach showed promising results in preclinical studies, inducing the regression of about 70% of tumors.
A first-of-its-kind study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing clarifies the post-trial needs of patients who withdraw from cancer clinical trials. The study defines what constitutes responsible transitions when patients exit CCTs, providing insights into patient experiences and care after withdrawal.
The study analyzed 444 cancer treatment trials and found that 8.4% of patients enrolled were in the 15-39 age range, more than double the national average. AYA patients were also found to be more racially and ethnically diverse than older patients.
A big data study from UNSW Sydney found that Australian cancer patients kept up their pharmaceutical treatments during last year's COVID-19 lockdowns. The researchers attribute the good news to relatively low rates of COVID-19 infections in Australia, which minimally impacted cancer treatment patterns.
A world-first study found that cancer patients receiving chemotherapy intravenously have more than double the risk of developing a blood clot or thrombosis if the vein is too small and the catheter occupies more than 45% of the vein. Researchers identified specific limits on catheter-to-vein ratios to reduce risks for cancer patients.
Researchers analyzed patient specimens and clinical trial data from thousands of patients to assess the importance of immune cell molecules called Fc gamma receptors (FCGRs) in the therapeutic efficacy of two antibody drugs. High levels of FCGR2B on tumor cells were found to prevent rituximab efficacy, while obinutuzumab was not impact...
Despite initial drops in enrollment, cancer clinical trials in the US showed significant resilience during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic. Treatment trial enrollments remained remarkably stable, while cancer control and prevention studies were disproportionately affected.
Patients with cancer who experience clinically significant fatigue before treatment have shorter overall survival times and more side effects. Researchers analyzed four clinical trials testing lung and prostate cancer treatments, confirming that pretreatment fatigue may be an important prognostic factor in oncology.
A new clinical guideline from ASTRO provides guidance on the use of radiation therapy to treat adult patients with soft tissue sarcoma, recommending optimal radiation dosing and techniques. The guideline also addresses the role of radiation therapy for retroperitoneal sarcomas.
A prospective cohort study found that quitting smoking after being diagnosed with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer can slow disease progression and decrease mortality. Patients who quit smoking lived longer overall, had a longer time to death from lung cancer, and experienced improved survival without cancer recurrence.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital demonstrates the power of comprehensive whole genome, whole exome and RNA sequencing to better understand and treat each patient's unique cancer. The research found that 86% of patients had at least one clinically significant variation in tumor or germline DNA.
A novel therapeutic agent, MS21, has been developed to disrupt a biological pathway that helps cancer survive. The therapy shows high effectiveness in vitro by causing the degradation of AKT, an enzyme overly active in many cancers.
The new center aims to understand the causes of cardiovascular disease and cancer in Blacks, with a focus on identifying early indicators of heart problems from cancer treatment. Research will also investigate how socioeconomic disparities and obesity contribute to increased risk of both conditions.