Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
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Researchers created patient-specific bladder cancer organoids that mimic actual tumors, allowing for testing of multiple drugs and predicting individual response to treatment. The use of these personalized models may improve understanding of the genomics of bladder cancer and develop new therapies.
Scientists at the Medical University of South Carolina discovered a specific form of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) that binds to glycoprotein-A repetitions predominant (GARP), regulating B cell activity. The GARP:TGF-beta axis may serve as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases.
The NIH has completed a comprehensive genomic analysis of 33 cancer types, revealing new insights into tumor origins, progression, and vulnerabilities. The PanCancer Atlas provides a detailed understanding of how tumors arise in humans, enabling better informed clinical trials and future treatments.
A new approach to treating malignant pleural effusion in cancer patients combines talc with an indwelling pleural catheter, allowing for effective home-based treatment. The study found that patients treated with this combination were more than twice as likely to have their fluid dry up compared to those treated with IPC alone.
The American Cancer Society has approved funding for 110 grants totaling $47,624,000 to researchers at 72 institutions. Grants focus on improving treatments for various types of cancer, including lymphoma, breast cancer, and sarcomas.
Researchers have discovered a new function of the APC protein, which puts the brakes on colon cancer activators. This finding may lead to identification of additional drug targets and improved therapeutic strategies for colon cancer patients.
Researchers found that gut microbiome manipulation can significantly boost efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy in mice with cancer. Fecal transplants and antibiotic use increased anti-tumor response and remission rates, highlighting a crucial role for the gut microbiota in cancer treatment.
Researchers found a single upfront genomic test to be more effective for detecting Lynch syndrome in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients than traditional multiple testing. This approach helps guide treatment decisions while identifying those at risk of developing CRC and other cancers.
Larotrectinib, a new pediatric cancer drug targeting the TRK gene fusion, showed an unprecedented 93 percent response rate in patients tested. The drug has been effective in treating rare pediatric cancers such as infantile fibrosarcoma and papillary thyroid cancer.
Patients with alcohol-related liver cancer tend to have poorer overall survival rates compared to those with non-alcohol related liver cancer. The study highlights the need for improved screening and treatment programs for patients at risk of developing cirrhosis or liver cancer, especially those who are still drinking.
A global clinical trial collaboration published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that stage III colon cancer patients can cut their chemotherapy treatments in half after surgery, reducing costs and side effects. For low-risk patients with shallow tumors and few affected lymph nodes, a three-month course is shown to be safe ...
The SU2C Phillip A. Sharp Innovation in Collaboration Awards aim to strengthen collaboration among scientists conducting cancer research, with five teams receiving $1.25 million to work on new projects across institutional and national lines. The grants focus on synergies among researchers from different institutions and skill sets.
The BIABooster device characterizes DNA in blood circulation with new precision and sensitivity, identifying promising signatures for cancer monitoring. It has been shown to detect DNA up to a concentration of 10 fg/μL with precisions of 20% and 3%.
A pen and paper chart, EPAT, helps doctors regularly record pain levels using a traffic light system, leading to reduced pain in cancer patients, and improved monitoring of medications and side effects. The study suggests this simple approach can put pain management at the forefront of routine care, with potential benefits for patients.
A Singapore-led team of Asian cancer researchers has won the prestigious AACR Team Science Award for their groundbreaking work on cancers prevalent in Asia. The team's research has identified new genes and pathways, translated findings into clinical trials, and informed government policies.
Researchers analyzed 5,298 patients with surgically removed ampullary tumors and found no survival benefit from adjuvant therapy. Patients receiving additional chemotherapy or radiation therapy did not show improved stage-specific survival rates compared to those who underwent surgery alone.
A recent NRG Oncology study found that high-dose radiotherapy improves biochemical control and reduces distant metastases in men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer, but does not enhance overall survival. The treatment also resulted in more side effects compared to standard radiotherapy.
A newly designed chimera could simultaneously decrease the expression of three growth factors that are over-expressed in some cancers, leading to cancer cell death. The molecule has potent anti-tumor activity and is non-toxic, simple to produce, and cost-effective compared to traditional treatment strategies.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a non-invasive test called UroSEEK, which uses urine samples to detect DNA mutations associated with bladder cancer. The test significantly enhances early detection for patients at risk and surveillance of those who have already been treated. When combined with cytology, the sensitiv...
A new model predicts the extra risk of death for breast cancer patients and survivors, taking into account improved survival rates over time. The model could lead to lower life insurance premiums and increased transparency for patients.
A study found that patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) who are post-menopausal or estrogen receptor positive have a low risk of recurrence. Treatment with breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy leads to very low rates of recurrence. The research also identifies clues for tailoring treatments to individual patients.
Researchers collected three tumor samples from a patient with salivary gland cancer, revealing a significant increase in cancer stem cells and aggressive mutations over time. This study demonstrates how tumors can adapt and overcome therapies, leading to relapse and treatment resistance.
A new study by NYU Langone Health reveals that patients from lower-income areas have a significantly reduced chance of surviving anal cancer. The research, led by Dr. Daniel Becker, found a strong association between median household income and overall survival rates.
Researchers established two new adrenal cancer cell lines and mouse models to test novel treatments, identifying PBK as a key target. A patient treated with pembrolizumab showed remarkable response with 77% tumor reduction, while a humanized mouse model also responded to the immunotherapy.
Researchers found that elevated methylglyoxal levels lead to insulin resistance, obesity, and high blood sugar levels in flies, challenging the conventional view of type 2 diabetes. This discovery raises questions about the molecular causes of the disease.
Patients with urological cancers, such as prostate and bladder cancer, are five times more likely to commit suicide than the general population. The study found that severe psychological stress is a major side-effect of cancer diagnosis and treatment, leading to higher rates of depression, PTSD, and suicidal intent in this patient group.
Researchers developed a new molecular classification method using DNA methylation patterns to differentiate 82 types of CNS tumors. The method improved diagnostic accuracy in some cases, with over 12% of cases corrected after analysis.
A major international survey found that around 25% of patients with penile cancer are not receiving recommended treatment. This leads to a significantly lower survival rate, with twice as many patients surviving if treated according to guidelines.
The non-profit organization Destroy Pancreatic Cancer is funding a new clinical trial designed by Dr. Daniel D. Von Hoff at the Piedmont Cancer Institute, aiming to improve treatment options for pancreatic cancer patients. The trial will enroll up to 25 patients and is part of TGen's efforts to find a cure for this deadly disease.
Research at Huntsman Cancer Institute found that estrogen and glucocorticoid receptors work together to promote more aggressive endometrial cancers. The study suggests that corticosteroids, a stress hormone, can make the uterine lining stop growing but may also contribute to tumor growth when combined with high estrogen levels.
A study published in CANCER found that living in low-income areas increases the risk of early death among patients with anal cancer. The researchers analyzed data from 9,550 patients and found that those in lower income areas had worse overall survival and cancer-specific survival compared to those in higher income areas.
A recent study found that patients are willing to travel up to 75 minutes longer and 5 hours longer to receive specialized cancer care with improved outcomes. Centralization of cancer surgery services can reduce variations in quality of care and improve patient health outcomes.
Research from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine discovered that preventing T-cell exhaustion with targeted therapies enhances immunotherapy outcomes. Activating a protein called 41BB on the surface of T-cells improves energy reserves and prolongs their ability to attack cancer cells.
Research reveals that breast cancer and lymphoma patients are at increased risk of developing congestive heart failure, with a threefold higher risk compared to non-cancer patients. Periodic cardiac imaging and lifestyle changes may help mitigate this risk.
Researchers from DKFZ found that circulating cancer cells exhibit specific polarity, which helps them attach to endothelial cells and migrate into tissues. This discovery may help predict individual risk for metastasis and find therapies to reduce it.
A comprehensive genomic analysis of childhood cancer reveals that children and adults have different mutated genes driving their disease, underscoring the need for pediatric-specific precision therapies. The study found that only 45% of the mutated genes 'driving' cancer in children are the same as those in adults.
Researchers found that patients with a history of breast cancer or lymphoma are three times more likely to develop heart failure than those without cancer. Elevated risks were associated with diabetes, high doses of chemotherapy, and anthracycline drugs.
A new study from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the American University of Beirut Medical Center demonstrates effective childhood cancer treatment in a refugee setting. The institution adapted its services to prioritize curable cases, showcasing a viable model for crisis response.
A combined analysis of family history and genetic markers improves risk prediction for colorectal cancer, revealing that individuals with a positive family history and numerous genetic variants are at increased risk. This approach can help adjust preventive measures and screening schedules.
Researchers will study basal-squamous and luminal subtypes of aggressive bladder cancer using a mouse model and human cancer cell lines. Understanding the role of TFAP2 transcription factors may lead to new therapeutic approaches for predicting patient response to treatment.
In three clinical trials, larotrectinib demonstrated a 75% overall response rate in patients with TRK fusion genes, with 86% continuing treatment or undergoing curative surgery. This study marks a new paradigm in cancer drug development, defining cancers by molecular changes rather than site of occurrence.
Researchers have developed a novel compound targeting STAT5, which selectively disrupts its activation and gene transcription, impairing AML cell proliferation. The compound showed efficacy in patient-derived AML cell lines and freshly isolated patient samples, indicating its potential as a new treatment option for leukemia.
A phase I clinical trial has shown some promise for an investigational compound designed to block a hyperactive cell growth signal in advanced melanoma and other cancers. Three patients experienced partial responses to the treatment, similar to response rates seen with other treatments such as MEK inhibitors.
The studies reported an overall response rate of 75 percent for patients ages four months to 76 years with 17 different cancer diagnoses. Larotrectinib had rapid, potent, and durable anti-tumor activity in children and adults with solid tumors and TRK fusions.
A phase 1/2 trial of larotrectinib found that three-quarters of patients with advanced cancers responded to the treatment, which targets a specific genetic mutation. The therapy has shown promise in treating pediatric patients with TRK-positive cancer, including infantile fibrosarcoma, and offers a potential cure for some cases.
Researchers developed a method combining diffusion-weighted MRI with intelligent image analysis to detect malignant changes in breast tissue. The new method reduced false positive findings by 70% and accurately identified malignant tumors in 98% of cases.
A study found that patients with advanced cancer were less capable of making treatment decisions than healthy adults, but doctors often overestimated their competence. The research suggests a shift in patient-doctor relationships, emphasizing the importance of respecting patient autonomy while ensuring decision-making capacity.
Researchers developed a liquid biopsy test to profile cancer genomes from blood and predict survival outcomes for patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer. The study found that 64% of patients had more than 10% tumor DNA, correlated with poor survival outcomes.
A new study published in JAMA Surgery found that breast cancer patients who undergo mastectomy with or without immediate reconstruction tend to be less satisfied than expected with their physical and sexual health post-surgery. Women who choose immediate reconstruction overestimated their satisfaction with appearance, while those who d...
Researchers have identified a unique packaging method of genes in early embryos that helps regulate their expression. This study provides insights into the mechanisms controlling embryonic development, which may impact gene expression and inheritance, including predisposition to diseases like cancer.
Scientists have discovered that the Huntington's gene is toxic to cancer cells due to its repetitive RNA sequences, which can be harnessed for a novel cancer treatment approach. Researchers hope to develop a short-term treatment to kill cancer cells without causing neurological issues associated with Huntington's disease.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered that a widely-studied cancer gene called MELK does not play a crucial role in cancer cell growth. The team's findings suggest that inherent flaws in scientific techniques used to link MELK to cancer led to the error.
A study combining axitinib and pembrolizumab found the treatment to be tolerable and doubling efficacy in patients with advanced kidney cancer. Over 90% of patients exhibited tumor shrinkage, keeping disease under control for over 20 months.
Teleconsulting is crucial for rare cancers like sarcomas, which require specialized expertise. EURACAN, a European Reference Network, aims to provide timely diagnosis and treatment through referral networks.
A new hybrid-capture sequencing assay has been established as the method of choice for detecting 'actionable' gene mutations in lymphoid cancer, with a high accuracy rate of 91%. The assay can be implemented by clinical laboratories into routine diagnostic workflows.
Research from the Francis Crick Institute discovered that immune cells called Natural Killer cells accumulate in tumours and release chemicals attracting specialised dendritic cells. Genes associated with these cells correlated with cancer patient survival rates, suggesting a new basis for immunotherapies.
Scientists have successfully grown human eggs in a laboratory from their earliest stage to full maturity, paving the way for improved fertility treatments. The advance aims to safeguard the fertility of girls with cancer ahead of potentially harmful medical treatment.
One hundred high school students from 28 states have been named winners in the third year of PBS' and Stand Up To Cancer's Emperor Science Award program. The recipients will work with a university scientist on a multi-week cancer research project, receive a Google Chromebook computer, and a $1,500 stipend.
The marbled crayfish, a single female ancestor of all Marmorkrebs specimens, exhibits epigenetic mechanisms that enable rapid adaptation to various environments without genetic variation. This clonal genome evolution shares similarities with tumor development, where environmental factors influence gene regulation and adaptation.
Researchers identified unique mitochondrial defects and alterations in metabolic gene expression associated with aggressive triple-negative breast cancers. The findings provide new molecular biomarkers to identify patients at risk for metastasis and offer potential therapeutic targets.