Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
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A Russian scientist has proposed a model to predict cancer development by analyzing the relationship between age and morbidity. The model uses the Erlang probability distribution to estimate the number of key carcinogenic events for each cancer type.
A study found that cancer clinical trials lack appropriate representation of ethnic minorities and the elderly, resulting in findings that may not be generalizable to all patients. The study analyzed enrollment data from 2003 to 2016 and showed a decline in African-American and Hispanic representation over time.
A new study found that approximately one-quarter of surveyed cancer patients used marijuana in the past year, mostly for physical and psychological symptoms. The study also revealed that legalization increased the likelihood for use among patients.
Mayo Clinic researchers found that reducing radiation therapy intensity by 50% resulted in fewer side effects without compromising survival or cure rates. The study followed 80 patients with HPV-related throat cancer and reported a 95% tumor control rate at two years, with only one regional recurrence.
Researchers found significant differences in tumor infiltrating lymphocyte count between African-American and European-American women with triple negative breast cancer. Higher counts of TILs were associated with better survival in early-stage African-American TNBC patients, suggesting a potential prognostic biomarker.
A new study finds that patients with severe distress are more likely to miss appointments and be admitted to the hospital during radiation therapy. The NCCN Distress Thermometer, a tool to measure psychological state, can help identify patients who need additional support during treatment.
A study found that 40% of cancer patients at an urban cancer center were diagnosed with depression, with three-fourths of these cases being previously undiagnosed. Female patients and disabled patients were more likely to be depressed, emphasizing the need for mental health screening and care.
Researchers analyze data from over 4,000 cancer patients and discover that changes in alternative splicing lead to a loss of functional protein domains, affecting gene function in a manner similar to genetic mutations. This study reveals the potential oncogenic power of these changes, enabling healthy cells to become cancerous.
A large study found that childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of any cancer, especially gastrointestinal cancers. Absolute risks are low, but the higher risk persists into adulthood. Chronic inflammation and family history are key risk factors for cancer in children with IBD.
Researchers have uncovered a new mechanism by which cancer cells evade the immune system, recruiting group 2 innate lymphoid cells to suppress an essential anticancer immune response. Depleting these cells or blocking key molecules restored anti-cancer immunity and extended survival in mouse models.
PharmaMar is conducting a Phase I clinical study to identify the optimal dose of PM14 in patients with advanced solid tumors. The trial aims to assess the safety profile and pharmacokinetics of PM14, with approximately 50 patients forecasted to participate.
A new study published in JAMA Surgery found that surgeons played a major role in determining whether patients receive aggressive breast cancer surgery. The study revealed that surgeons' attitudes towards breast conservation and CPM had a significant impact on the likelihood of patients receiving this procedure.
Patients diagnosed at high-volume centers are up to 40% more likely to receive treatment for glioblastoma and live approximately three and a half months longer than those treated at low-volume centers. The study suggests that patients benefit from care at hospitals treating a high number of brain tumor patients.
A study of British general practitioners found that physicians are more likely to support smoking cessation in primary care patients with coronary heart disease. Cancer patients are less likely to stop smoking due to lack of recording and advice from their doctors.
Primary care physicians spend an average of 355 minutes (5.9 hours) per day in the EHR, including 269 minutes during clinic hours and 86 minutes after hours. This excessive time spent on clerical tasks can lead to burnout and decreased productivity. The study suggests that solutions like proactive planned care, team-based care, and sha...
Scientists at UCLA have initiated a phase 1 clinical trial using genetically engineered blood-forming stem cells to produce cancer-fighting white blood cells called T cells. The trial aims to provide both short and long-term immune response to cancer, targeting the NY-ESO-1 tumor marker.
The phase III RANGE trial showed that ramucirumab plus docetaxel significantly prolonged investigator-assessed progression-free survival compared to placebo plus docetaxel. The treatment also nearly doubled the objective response rate in patients with platinum-refractory advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer.
The KEYNOTE-045 trial demonstrates pembrolizumab's superiority in overall survival and adverse event profile compared to chemotherapy in platinum-pretreated urothelial cancer patients. The medication offers durable responses and a favorable safety profile.
The Triggers tool identifies patients who benefit from early palliative care, improving their prognosis and quality of life. In a pilot study, the tool was successfully implemented at The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, with 75% of patients showing positive triggers for specialist palliative care.
A nationwide study in Ireland found that most oncology patients consider clinical trials important but struggle with central concepts like chance and randomization. The study aimed to understand factors influencing patients' decisions about participating in clinical trials.
The FLOT4 trial has confirmed the superiority of docetaxel-based triplet therapy over standard care in patients with resectable oesophago-gastric cancer. The treatment improved curative resection rates, progression-free survival, and overall survival.
A study investigated the work ability of young adult cancer survivors, finding that low education, female sex, lymphoedema, fatigue, depression, and reduced physical quality of life are associated with reduced work ability. Treatment intensity was not significantly related to work ability.
The 'Triggers' tool evaluates cancer patients' palliative care needs at an earlier stage, enabling early referrals and potentially improving prognosis. A pilot study showed that 75% of patients who triggered positive on the tool items had a moderate need for specialist palliative care.
New research found that Medicaid expansion is associated with a significant decrease in uninsured rates among low-income adults with newly diagnosed cancer. In addition, there is a small but statistically significant trend toward earlier stage cancer diagnoses in Medicaid expansion states.
The KEYNOTE-059 trial found an overall objective response rate of 12% with pembrolizumab alone in pretreated patients, and more promising activity in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic cancer. The study also showed that patients with PD-L1 expression were more likely to respond to the treatment.
A novel peptide mimics the pathway that HPV-positive cancer cells use to respond to treatment, leading to increased cell death in HPV-negative cancer cells. The peptide improves therapeutic intervention in HPV-negative head and neck cancers.
A multi-drug and multi-tumour clinical trial shows that precision oncology using DNA sequencing can identify patient subgroups benefiting from existing drugs. Over 70 patients have started treatment, with a 37% clinical benefit rate observed.
A team of scientists at UT Austin has developed a handheld instrument that rapidly and accurately diagnoses cancerous tissue during surgery. The MasSpec Pen is over 96% accurate and can detect cancer in marginal regions, potentially improving treatment and reducing recurrence rates.
An observational study found that stroke survivors had a higher incidence of cancer compared to the general population, with most cases diagnosed within six months after a stroke. The study identified several factors associated with increased risk of developing cancer in stroke patients.
A new study by Dartmouth researchers has precisely determined the mechanism of cancer drug gemcitabine in human patients, enabling more effective combination therapies and rational clinical trial design. The research bridged the gap between experimental models and human trials, providing valuable insights into the drug's effects on cel...
A recent study by researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina identifies CNPY2 as a key molecule triggering the unfolded protein response, which contributes to certain metabolic disorders. The study found that CNPY2 plays a crucial role in sustaining cellular stress when the UPR becomes active.
A study found that only 2% of patients with suspected cancer were diagnosed using tumor markers, while most requests led to no diagnosis. The unnecessary tests cost over £95,000 over a year.
This review indicates that adipose tissue can affect cancer development through various mechanisms, including inflammation, cell metabolism, and immune clearance. The study found that different types of fat have distinct effects on cancer cells, with some types promoting tumor growth and others inhibiting it.
Research supports e-cigarette use as a smoking cessation aid with consistent daily use increasing the odds of quit success by 10%, but those using e-cigarettes less frequently face lower quit rates.
Researchers have created laboratory models of 12 types of pediatric cancer, enabling the study of tumor development and sensitivity to drugs. The HHMI is making these models and related data freely available to the scientific community, aiming to accelerate the discovery of new therapies for childhood cancers.
Researchers found that concurrent administration of anti-OX40 and anti-PD1 antibodies attenuated the effect of anti-OX40, resulting in poor treatment outcomes in mice. Sequential treatment with anti-OX40 followed by anti-PD1 improved therapeutic efficacy in some cases.
A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that the average cost of treating oropharyngeal cancer in Texas for two years is $139,749. The study suggests that HPV vaccination could prevent many cases of the disease and result in significant cost savings.
A new study identified over 11,000 miR-122 binding sites in a mouse model and found that three conserved target genes are associated with poor human HCC patient survival. The findings could help doctors predict liver cancer patient survival and develop an anticancer drug.
A non-coding RNA, PNUTS lncRNA, encourages cancer growth and metastasis by soaking up microRNA-205 that prevents epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In breast and lung cancer cell lines, PNUTS lncRNA promotes tumor development.
A new research study reveals that a nanolaser called spaser can detect and kill circulating tumor cells in the bloodstream, preventing cancer metastases. The spaser is biocompatible and selectively targets cancer cells with high folate receptor expression.
A re-analysis of USPSTF evidence suggests flexible sigmoidoscopy may reduce all-cause mortality, contrary to previous guidelines. Researchers found that looking at cohorts as separate trials, rather than aggregating them, strengthened the evidence supporting screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy.
Many young cancer patients are not receiving adequate fertility information and support, according to a new Psycho-Oncology review of published literature. The analysis found that clinicians' lack of knowledge and unclear roles hinder the provision of fertility preservation services.
A study published in Kidney Cancer journal found a decline in California kidney cancer incidence rates from 2009 to 2013, with stabilization of the trend. The research also showed an increase in partial nephrectomies, a surgical treatment that preserves long-term kidney function.
The Human Pathology Atlas analyzes human genes in all major cancers, revealing patterns that influence patient survival. The atlas provides a powerful tool for personalized medicine, with potential applications in lung and colorectal cancer.
A recent study has made a groundbreaking discovery in the treatment of anal cancer, suggesting that current methods of checking for lymph node spread may be overestimating survival rates. This finding has significant implications for patient care, potentially leading to more targeted and effective treatments.
Researchers at the Netherlands Cancer Institute discovered that PD-L1 is stabilized by protein CMTM6, making it a potential new therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This finding may also improve the prediction of treatment success in patients with current PD-L1 blockers.
Researchers developed a DNA sequencing-based method to detect early stage cancers by analyzing circulating tumor DNA in blood plasma. The approach, called TEC-Seq, identified cancer driver genes in over 90% of patients with colorectal, ovarian, lung, and breast cancers.
Researchers developed a genome sequencing method that can detect clinically relevant mutations using just 5 circulating tumor cells. The technique, known as long fragment read (LFR), is more comprehensive than gene panels and can analyze the entire genomic content of small numbers of cells.
A study using liquid biopsies found distinct genomic profiles in 99.7% of patients with CUP, harboring potentially targetable alterations. These findings suggest that liquid biopsies can guide treatment response in this patient population.
A new assay called OSU-SpARKFuse detects genetic changes in cancer cells and identifies novel gene fusions. The assay was validated using control specimens and then used to assess 95 tissue samples from patients with advanced cancer.
A new blood test can detect miniscule amounts of cancer DNA released into the blood, allowing for rapid detection of genetic mutations. This test has the potential to be personalized to recognize mutations unique to individual cancers.
A study found that older cancer patients and their caregivers often differ in assessing the patient's physical abilities, with caregivers rating them as having poorer function. This disparity is associated with greater caregiver burden. The researchers suggest considering caregiver burden when assessing patients' needs.
A Yale-led team has identified specific gene combinations that cause deadly brain cancer glioblastoma and found two mutations that make tumors resistant to chemotherapy. The new technology can also pinpoint triggers of other types of cancers.
Patients with newly diagnosed cancer face a substantially increased short-term risk of arterial thromboembolism. Lung, gastric, and pancreatic cancers are associated with the highest risk, while advanced disease increases overall tumor burden.
Researchers at Allina Health have found robotic-assisted surgery to be effective and safe for a select group of patients undergoing transhiatal esophagectomy. The study, which analyzed data from 100 patients, highlights the benefits of robotic technology in improving surgical outcomes.
A study by Fumiko Chino and colleagues found that nearly all insured cancer patients experience financial burden, with those underinsured paying up to 31% of their income on healthcare costs. The research highlights the need for interventions to improve patient health care cost literacy and mitigate future treatment-related expenses.
Researchers from Yale University studied 840 patients with curable cancers and found that those who used only alternative therapy had a higher risk of death. The study suggests that conventional cancer treatment is more effective in improving survival rates.
A study by Duke University researchers found that one-third of insured cancer patients pay more out-of-pocket than expected, despite health coverage. This 'financial toxicity' can lead to decreased treatment adherence and worsen mental and physical state.
A new analysis shows that breast cancer prognoses have significantly improved for young women treated with breast conserving surgery between 1997 and 2010. The study found a dramatic reduction in breast cancer recurrences and deaths after the implementation of new diagnostic and treatment strategies in 2005.
The NIH is awarding $18.9 million to accelerate the use of genome sequencing in clinical care, focusing on diverse and underserved populations. The Clinical Sequencing Evidence-Generating Research (CSER2) Consortium will develop innovative approaches and best practices to integrate genomic medicine into healthcare settings.