Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
A new study from Georgetown University found that the 2001 NY State Medicaid expansion significantly increased racial disparities in access to high-quality cancer surgery. The proportion of minority Medicaid patients treated at top hospitals decreased, while white patients' access improved.
A recent study published in Annals of Surgery found that bariatric surgery lowers the risk of developing certain types of cancer, including postmenopausal breast cancer and endometrial cancer, by up to 50% among severely obese patients. The study also showed a significant reduction in risk for colon cancer and pancreatic cancer.
Scientists have characterized the complex process of human sperm stem cell development, revealing four distinct cellular phases. The study's findings may lead to better tools for diagnosing and treating male infertility, as well as uncovering genetic changes underlying cancers associated with male infertility.
A blood test for human papillomavirus (HPV) may help forecast treatment response in throat cancer patients, according to preliminary findings. Patients with low or undetectable HPV16 levels in the blood had higher risk of persistent or recurrent disease.
A study found that healthcare professionals' recommendations were the most important factor in driving decisions by women at high risk of breast cancer to take selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for chemoprevention. The recommendation played a statistically significant role and was associated with attitudes, beliefs, and ex...
A study led by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that fertility preservation is associated with increased optimism about the future for survivors, but remains underutilized by at-risk patients with cancer. Meeting with a fertility specialist and parental recommendations are key factors in deciding to bank sperm.
A new study found that surgical cancer centers in England are investing heavily in unproven technologies to stay competitive, despite a lack of evidence on their effectiveness. This trend has led to the closure of several centers, with patients often traveling to alternative facilities offering robotic surgery.
Researchers at NIH uncovered the first evidence of a brain lymphatic system, suggesting vessels act as a pipeline between brain and immune system. The discovery uses MRI to scan brains of healthy volunteers and confirms results in human and nonhuman primate brains.
Researchers found that patients with high numbers of alterations detected in their DNA collected from blood samples had a higher response rate to treatment, and median survival was longer. The study suggests that counting mutations in the bloodstream could help predict response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
University of Minnesota researchers report a novel encapsulation approach to identify and maintain dormant cancer cells in a quiescent state. This method involves immobilizing cells within a rigid silica-PEG matrix, which prevents movement and proliferation, allowing for differential response between cancer cell lines.
Researchers at Osaka University developed a non-invasive imaging technique using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to quantify cancer severity. The method, called non-labeling multiphoton microscopy (NL-MPM), uses second harmonic generation and autofluorescence to detect malignancy with high accuracy.
A study by University of California San Diego School of Medicine researchers reveals that a simple blood test can predict which patients will respond to checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapies, with 45% of patients showing significant response. The findings suggest that patients with high numbers of genomic alterations in their tumo...
The partnership aims to address health disparities by conducting research on patient-derived cancers and training students in cancer health disparities-based precision medicine. This collaboration seeks to bridge the gap in understanding how to plan cancer prevention and care for underserved populations.
A pilot program using big data predicts ED visits in lung cancer patients with 33% accuracy. The model identifies high-risk patients who are 6.6 times more likely to visit the ED compared to low-risk patients.
Researchers at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center have discovered a DNA-level biomarker that can predict overall survival for patients with anaplastic astrocytoma, a rare form of brain cancer. The study found that MGMT promoter methylation status is significantly associated with overall survival outcomes.
A recent study by Duke Cancer Institute found that ACA Medicaid expansion significantly reduced uninsured rates among white patients and those living in higher-income areas, but had little impact on black patients and residents of high-poverty areas. In contrast, states without expanded Medicaid saw a decline in uninsured rates primari...
A study by Anna Kirstine Winthereik shows that general practitioners who prioritize home visits reduce the time terminally ill cancer patients spend in hospitals and increase the likelihood of them dying at home. The study also highlights a positive correlation between frequent home visits and reduced hospital bed days.
A new study found that Medicaid expansion significantly reduced uninsured rates for cancer patients receiving radiation therapy, with the greatest benefits seen among vulnerable individuals living in high-poverty areas. The uninsured rate dropped by half in fully expanded states and only 5 percent in non-expansion states.
Researchers at Cologne University Hospital have discovered a novel inhibitor that specifically targets NMC tumours, a rare and lethal form of cancer. The study's findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanism responsible for the effectiveness of the inhibitor, paving the way for new and improved therapies.
A Russian scientist has proposed a model to predict cancer development by analyzing the relationship between age and morbidity. The model uses the Erlang probability distribution to estimate the number of key carcinogenic events for each cancer type.
A study found that cancer clinical trials lack appropriate representation of ethnic minorities and the elderly, resulting in findings that may not be generalizable to all patients. The study analyzed enrollment data from 2003 to 2016 and showed a decline in African-American and Hispanic representation over time.
A new study found that approximately one-quarter of surveyed cancer patients used marijuana in the past year, mostly for physical and psychological symptoms. The study also revealed that legalization increased the likelihood for use among patients.
Mayo Clinic researchers found that reducing radiation therapy intensity by 50% resulted in fewer side effects without compromising survival or cure rates. The study followed 80 patients with HPV-related throat cancer and reported a 95% tumor control rate at two years, with only one regional recurrence.
Researchers found significant differences in tumor infiltrating lymphocyte count between African-American and European-American women with triple negative breast cancer. Higher counts of TILs were associated with better survival in early-stage African-American TNBC patients, suggesting a potential prognostic biomarker.
A new study finds that patients with severe distress are more likely to miss appointments and be admitted to the hospital during radiation therapy. The NCCN Distress Thermometer, a tool to measure psychological state, can help identify patients who need additional support during treatment.
A study found that 40% of cancer patients at an urban cancer center were diagnosed with depression, with three-fourths of these cases being previously undiagnosed. Female patients and disabled patients were more likely to be depressed, emphasizing the need for mental health screening and care.
Researchers analyze data from over 4,000 cancer patients and discover that changes in alternative splicing lead to a loss of functional protein domains, affecting gene function in a manner similar to genetic mutations. This study reveals the potential oncogenic power of these changes, enabling healthy cells to become cancerous.
A large study found that childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of any cancer, especially gastrointestinal cancers. Absolute risks are low, but the higher risk persists into adulthood. Chronic inflammation and family history are key risk factors for cancer in children with IBD.
Researchers have uncovered a new mechanism by which cancer cells evade the immune system, recruiting group 2 innate lymphoid cells to suppress an essential anticancer immune response. Depleting these cells or blocking key molecules restored anti-cancer immunity and extended survival in mouse models.
PharmaMar is conducting a Phase I clinical study to identify the optimal dose of PM14 in patients with advanced solid tumors. The trial aims to assess the safety profile and pharmacokinetics of PM14, with approximately 50 patients forecasted to participate.
A new study published in JAMA Surgery found that surgeons played a major role in determining whether patients receive aggressive breast cancer surgery. The study revealed that surgeons' attitudes towards breast conservation and CPM had a significant impact on the likelihood of patients receiving this procedure.
Patients diagnosed at high-volume centers are up to 40% more likely to receive treatment for glioblastoma and live approximately three and a half months longer than those treated at low-volume centers. The study suggests that patients benefit from care at hospitals treating a high number of brain tumor patients.
A study of British general practitioners found that physicians are more likely to support smoking cessation in primary care patients with coronary heart disease. Cancer patients are less likely to stop smoking due to lack of recording and advice from their doctors.
Primary care physicians spend an average of 355 minutes (5.9 hours) per day in the EHR, including 269 minutes during clinic hours and 86 minutes after hours. This excessive time spent on clerical tasks can lead to burnout and decreased productivity. The study suggests that solutions like proactive planned care, team-based care, and sha...
Scientists at UCLA have initiated a phase 1 clinical trial using genetically engineered blood-forming stem cells to produce cancer-fighting white blood cells called T cells. The trial aims to provide both short and long-term immune response to cancer, targeting the NY-ESO-1 tumor marker.
The phase III RANGE trial showed that ramucirumab plus docetaxel significantly prolonged investigator-assessed progression-free survival compared to placebo plus docetaxel. The treatment also nearly doubled the objective response rate in patients with platinum-refractory advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer.
The KEYNOTE-045 trial demonstrates pembrolizumab's superiority in overall survival and adverse event profile compared to chemotherapy in platinum-pretreated urothelial cancer patients. The medication offers durable responses and a favorable safety profile.
The Triggers tool identifies patients who benefit from early palliative care, improving their prognosis and quality of life. In a pilot study, the tool was successfully implemented at The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, with 75% of patients showing positive triggers for specialist palliative care.
A nationwide study in Ireland found that most oncology patients consider clinical trials important but struggle with central concepts like chance and randomization. The study aimed to understand factors influencing patients' decisions about participating in clinical trials.
The FLOT4 trial has confirmed the superiority of docetaxel-based triplet therapy over standard care in patients with resectable oesophago-gastric cancer. The treatment improved curative resection rates, progression-free survival, and overall survival.
A study investigated the work ability of young adult cancer survivors, finding that low education, female sex, lymphoedema, fatigue, depression, and reduced physical quality of life are associated with reduced work ability. Treatment intensity was not significantly related to work ability.
The 'Triggers' tool evaluates cancer patients' palliative care needs at an earlier stage, enabling early referrals and potentially improving prognosis. A pilot study showed that 75% of patients who triggered positive on the tool items had a moderate need for specialist palliative care.
New research found that Medicaid expansion is associated with a significant decrease in uninsured rates among low-income adults with newly diagnosed cancer. In addition, there is a small but statistically significant trend toward earlier stage cancer diagnoses in Medicaid expansion states.
The KEYNOTE-059 trial found an overall objective response rate of 12% with pembrolizumab alone in pretreated patients, and more promising activity in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic cancer. The study also showed that patients with PD-L1 expression were more likely to respond to the treatment.
A novel peptide mimics the pathway that HPV-positive cancer cells use to respond to treatment, leading to increased cell death in HPV-negative cancer cells. The peptide improves therapeutic intervention in HPV-negative head and neck cancers.
A multi-drug and multi-tumour clinical trial shows that precision oncology using DNA sequencing can identify patient subgroups benefiting from existing drugs. Over 70 patients have started treatment, with a 37% clinical benefit rate observed.
A team of scientists at UT Austin has developed a handheld instrument that rapidly and accurately diagnoses cancerous tissue during surgery. The MasSpec Pen is over 96% accurate and can detect cancer in marginal regions, potentially improving treatment and reducing recurrence rates.
An observational study found that stroke survivors had a higher incidence of cancer compared to the general population, with most cases diagnosed within six months after a stroke. The study identified several factors associated with increased risk of developing cancer in stroke patients.
A new study by Dartmouth researchers has precisely determined the mechanism of cancer drug gemcitabine in human patients, enabling more effective combination therapies and rational clinical trial design. The research bridged the gap between experimental models and human trials, providing valuable insights into the drug's effects on cel...
A recent study by researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina identifies CNPY2 as a key molecule triggering the unfolded protein response, which contributes to certain metabolic disorders. The study found that CNPY2 plays a crucial role in sustaining cellular stress when the UPR becomes active.
A study found that only 2% of patients with suspected cancer were diagnosed using tumor markers, while most requests led to no diagnosis. The unnecessary tests cost over £95,000 over a year.
This review indicates that adipose tissue can affect cancer development through various mechanisms, including inflammation, cell metabolism, and immune clearance. The study found that different types of fat have distinct effects on cancer cells, with some types promoting tumor growth and others inhibiting it.
Research supports e-cigarette use as a smoking cessation aid with consistent daily use increasing the odds of quit success by 10%, but those using e-cigarettes less frequently face lower quit rates.
Researchers have created laboratory models of 12 types of pediatric cancer, enabling the study of tumor development and sensitivity to drugs. The HHMI is making these models and related data freely available to the scientific community, aiming to accelerate the discovery of new therapies for childhood cancers.
Researchers found that concurrent administration of anti-OX40 and anti-PD1 antibodies attenuated the effect of anti-OX40, resulting in poor treatment outcomes in mice. Sequential treatment with anti-OX40 followed by anti-PD1 improved therapeutic efficacy in some cases.
A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that the average cost of treating oropharyngeal cancer in Texas for two years is $139,749. The study suggests that HPV vaccination could prevent many cases of the disease and result in significant cost savings.
A new study identified over 11,000 miR-122 binding sites in a mouse model and found that three conserved target genes are associated with poor human HCC patient survival. The findings could help doctors predict liver cancer patient survival and develop an anticancer drug.
A non-coding RNA, PNUTS lncRNA, encourages cancer growth and metastasis by soaking up microRNA-205 that prevents epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In breast and lung cancer cell lines, PNUTS lncRNA promotes tumor development.
A new research study reveals that a nanolaser called spaser can detect and kill circulating tumor cells in the bloodstream, preventing cancer metastases. The spaser is biocompatible and selectively targets cancer cells with high folate receptor expression.
A re-analysis of USPSTF evidence suggests flexible sigmoidoscopy may reduce all-cause mortality, contrary to previous guidelines. Researchers found that looking at cohorts as separate trials, rather than aggregating them, strengthened the evidence supporting screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy.