Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
Patients with advanced throat cancer who underwent primary surgery had significantly higher overall survival rates compared to those who did not. The study found that radical surgery improved survival in both oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers, with notable benefits for patients with stage III and IVa disease.
The EUROCARE 5 study shows significant geographical variations in survival from blood cancers in Europe, with the highest five-year relative survival rate for Hodgkin lymphoma at 81% in Northern European countries. In contrast, chronic myeloid leukemia had a significantly lower survival rate of 53%, particularly in Eastern Europe.
The CheckMate 025 phase III clinical trial shows that nivolumab significantly prolongs survival in patients with advanced kidney cancer, regardless of PD-L1 expression. The study found a median overall survival of 25 months for nivolumab-treated patients compared to 19.6 months for those treated with everolimus.
Individualized medicine is revolutionizing patient care through precision diagnostics, such as preventing drug-related adverse effects and identifying disease susceptibility. Whole exome sequencing is also offering new diagnoses for patients with undiagnosed diseases.
Researchers suggest that combining epigenetic therapies with immunotherapies could restore cell-surface molecules that help the immune system eliminate cancer cells. Epigenetic drugs can also lower or eliminate immune cells that facilitate tumor growth.
A new study identifies USP19 as a potential drug target for muscle wasting diseases in cancer patients, improving quality of life and longevity. The research team discovered that inhibiting the USP19 gene could protect against muscle wasting in mice models.
A new study reveals that social factors such as insurance status, marital status, and county-level income significantly affect the chances of survival in young patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The findings highlight the need to address these non-biological patient characteristics to improve health outcomes.
A new study shows that a small implantable device can attract and capture malignant cells in breast cancer patients, potentially giving doctors earlier warnings of relapse. The device exploits the natural attraction of cancer cells to specific areas of the body, slowing down their spread to other organs.
Researchers discovered that Tie1 controls angiogenesis and vascular remodeling by differentially regulating Tie2 in tip and stalk cells, making it a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment and eye diseases.
A multiple myeloma patient experienced complete remission after receiving a personalized cellular therapy called CTL019, which targets cancerous white blood cells. The treatment was combined with chemotherapy and an autologous stem cell transplant, and the patient remains in remission over 12 months after infusion.
Researchers found that microRNA 506 acts as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer, inhibiting angiogenesis and metastasis. Patients with high miR-506 expression have significantly longer survival times compared to those with low expression levels.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have discovered a new way to kill cancers driven by the MYC gene, which is responsible for aggressive behavior in many types of malignancies. By inhibiting the spliceosome, a complex machine within cancer cells, scientists can target and destroy tumor cells without harming normal tissues.
The use of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) among US men with breast cancer has increased significantly, rising from 3% to 5.6% between 2004 and 2011. The procedure was more common in younger, white, and privately insured patients.
A study published in JAMA found that incorporating genomic sequencing and counseling into pediatric cancer treatment improved patient outcomes and changed treatment plans. The study showed that nearly half of patients had actionable findings that led to individualized actions, including genetic counseling and changes in treatment.
A new study found that using a patient's entire genome helped suggest personalized treatment options for nearly half of children with cancer. The approach led to specific treatment changes in a quarter of these patients and showed promise in treating difficult-to-treat cancers.
Researchers found that MACC1 expression is a key indicator of survival and recurrence risk in Klatskin carcinoma patients. Patients with low MACC1 levels have a good chance of benefiting from surgery, while those with high levels are at a higher risk of cancer recurrence.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center have designed an online database called CanDL to help molecular pathologists identify key cancer gene mutations. The freely accessible database includes information on 60 genes, 334 distinct variants and 169 unique matching literature references across multiple cancers.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can identify patients at risk of breast cancer relapse months before visible signs appear. The test detects cancer DNA in the bloodstream, allowing for early intervention and personalized treatment.
A Veterans Affairs team found that longer-lasting colonoscopies are associated with lower cancer rates. Doctors with average withdrawal times of under six minutes had patients more than twice as likely to have cancer. Experts recommend focusing quality-improvement efforts on withdrawal times of under six minutes.
A study by German Cancer Research Center discovered that citric acid from lemon juice can alter the morphology of norovirus particles, reducing their infectivity. The researchers found that citrate binds to specific proteins on the virus, preventing it from attaching to host cells.
A new analysis found that patients taking certain heart medications to manage stress may have a longer survival time than those not taking these drugs. Nonselective beta blockers showed the most significant benefit in extending median survival time, particularly among patients with hypertension.
A study found that fertility concerns led a third of young women with breast cancer to decline or discontinue tamoxifen. The study also showed that a quarter of women who started tamoxifen stopped taking it before the recommended treatment period ended.
Researchers from MSK Cancer Center announce results from the first published basket study, a clinical trial design that explores drug responses based on specific tumor mutations. The study found preliminary clinical efficacy of vemurafenib in multiple non-melanoma BRAFV600-mutated cancers.
A study of over 100,000 women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) found that the 20-year breast cancer-specific death rate was 3.3 percent, higher for women under 35 and black women compared to non-Hispanic white women. Preventing ipsilateral invasive recurrence did not reduce mortality from breast cancer, according to researchers.
A study by UC Davis researchers has identified two biomarkers that can detect lung cancer up to six months before diagnosis, with an 80% accuracy rate. The findings offer a promising alternative to expensive low-dose CT scans, which involve X-ray radiation.
A study of 900 cancer patients found that heparin treatment did not significantly reduce recurrent blood clots or deaths compared to warfarin, but was associated with lower nonmajor bleeding rates. Heparin was also shown to be safe in this population, supporting its use over warfarin.
Researchers have discovered that a type of jumping gene called LINE-1 is actively inserted into the human genome in various gastrointestinal cancers. The findings suggest that these insertions may occur early in cancer development and could potentially serve as a marker for early cancer diagnosis.
A Mayo Clinic-led study has validated the National Cancer Institute's Patient Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE), a tool used to track side effects in cancer clinical trials. The study found that PRO-CTCAE was accurate, reliable and responsive compared to other measures.
A new method for personalizing bladder cancer treatments has been developed by researchers at the University of California - Davis Health. The approach uses tumor xenografts to identify effective therapies, which can be tested in mice before being administered to patients.
A study found that screening women with suspected hereditary breast or ovarian cancer risk for additional genes provides important information for changing clinical management. Most patients with identified mutations were recommended for enhanced screening or preventive measures, and close relatives should also be screened.
A study by University of California, San Diego researchers found that Medicare reimbursement for radiation therapy varies widely among patients with breast, lung, and prostate cancer. Factors such as provider type, location, and clinic type accounted for most of the variation in costs.
Research reveals that spiritual beliefs are significantly associated with better physical health, reduced anxiety and depression, and improved social roles in cancer patients. Emotional aspects of religion and spirituality have the strongest links to positive mental and social outcomes.
A study at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found that CSN6 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissue samples, leading to poor survival rates. The biomarker's deregulation can lead to cancer development through cellular signaling pathways.
A new Cancer Research UK study reveals that England's cancer survival rates remain lower than those of countries with similar healthcare systems, despite steady improvements. The study found five-year survival from breast cancer improved more in England than in four leading countries, but overall cancer survival was lowest in England.
Two California Initiative to Advance Precision Medicine projects aim to treat pediatric cancer with genetic analysis and diagnose acute infections using DNA sequencing. The projects, led by UCSF researchers, have the potential to deliver precision medicine tests and therapies within 18-24 months.
The George Washington University Cancer Institute has been awarded a $250,000 Engagement Award by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) to create an online Community of Practice for patient-centered care. The project aims to disseminate patient-centered outcomes research broadly and foster collaboration among researc...
A study of over 70,000 cancer patients found that those referred late by their GP were more likely to be dissatisfied with their care. Patients who experienced referral delays reported negative experiences across various aspects of their care, including diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina have discovered a rare type of stem cell that is immune to radiation damage due to high levels of Sox9. This finding could lead to new ways to protect the gastrointestinal system of cancer patients before treatment, allowing for more aggressive treatments to be used.
A new study found evidence of activity in response and disease stabilization rates, reduction in liver metastasis volume, and improved quality of life scores in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with omega-3 fatty acids. The results suggest potential benefits of combining omega-3 fatty acids with chemotherapy agents.
A new study shows that children with cancer can benefit from adapted physical activities, such as dog sledding, which improves their physical and psychological health. The expedition successfully completed by the children demonstrated statistically significant improvement in both areas.
Researchers at DKFZ found a new control mechanism that regulates mitochondrial fusion and fragmentation, improving energy production. Adding stearic acid to fly food enhanced mitochondrial performance, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for mitochondrial diseases.
A Phase 1 trial of LOXO-101 demonstrated a rapid and significant response in the first patient with a TRK fusion cancer. The patient's tumors substantially regressed after four months of treatment, meeting partial response criteria.
A new study found that young cancer patients often have limited knowledge about fertility preservation options, which can impact their treatment plans. Males are more likely to discuss fertility preservation with clinicians than females, but both sexes face barriers such as lack of insurance coverage and education.
Leading cancer experts recommend several measures to reduce high cancer drug prices, including a post-approval price review mechanism and Medicare negotiations. The recommendations aim to improve patient care and alleviate the financial burden on those affected by high cancer drug costs.
A new special issue in ecancermedicalscience explores the complex relationship between diet, metabolism, and cancer. Researchers investigate the role of antioxidants, obesity, and biomarkers in cancer development and prevention.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that chemotherapy was associated with worse quality of life near death for patients who could still perform many life functions. The researchers concluded that chemotherapy use may be unnecessary and potentially harmful for patients with progressive metastatic disease.
The MD Anderson Cancer Center has been selected as a Genome Characterization Center to analyze patient samples from multiple NCI programs. The center will focus on functional proteomics, enabling the study of protein expression and modification in cancer tumors.
Researchers developed new diagnostic criteria to differentiate between malignant and benign mediastinal masses in children. The criteria use symptoms, laboratory tests, and CT scans to identify a better way to refine diagnoses, potentially leading to earlier detection of cancers like lymphomas and neuroblastomas.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that genetic variation in the gene FOPNL is associated with poorer survival rates in multiple myeloma patients. The study, which included over 1,600 patients from North America and Europe, identified a significant link between the FOPNL variant and reduced survival.
Researchers found no statistically significant association between pioglitazone use and bladder cancer risk. However, a small increased risk was observed, as well as associations with increased prostate and pancreatic cancer risks.
A national clinical trial involving two effective drug combinations will be compared in a new study. The trial, led by Dr. Michael B. Atkins at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, aims to determine the best sequencing of treatment regimens for patients with melanoma.
Researchers developed a 'Cytosponge' to collect cells from the gullet, reducing variation between biopsies. The study found patterns of mutations that provide a 'fingerprint' of cancer causes, helping doctors catch the disease earlier.
Patients with advanced disease experienced significant clinical response after receiving genetically engineered T-cells. The therapy was generally well-tolerated and showed long-term ability to fight tumors.
Waldman will lead research on STAG2, a gene commonly mutated in human cancer, aiming to understand its role in Ewing sarcoma and develop new therapies. The $250k grant from Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation Innovation Grant will support Waldman's two-year project.
A clinical trial found that patients with activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of DLBCL responded better to ibrutinib than those with germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) subtype. This study suggests the use of ABC gene signature to identify patients likely to respond to the drug.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have developed a database that integrates gene expression patterns of 39 types of cancer with data on patient survival rates. The PRECOG database identifies key pathways and genes associated with poor or good survival outcomes, including FOXM1 and KLRB1.
Patients whose colorectal cancer is detected during a screening colonoscopy tend to live longer than those who wait until symptoms appear. The study found that these patients had cancer at an earlier stage and were more likely to survive beyond the study period, with about 55% surviving beyond the time of diagnosis.
A new study found that cancer survivors may face limited options for adoption due to agency policies, but a training program for oncology healthcare providers can provide valuable information. Cancer survivors often turn to adoption due to infertility caused by cancer treatments, but the process is long and costly.
Two studies examined end-of-life care for teens and young adults with cancer, finding that 68% received at least one medically intensive measure. Advances in care planning, such as durable power of attorney assignment and living wills, have increased over the past decade.
A recent study found that over two-thirds of adolescent and young adult cancer patients utilize aggressive interventions in the last month of life, including intensive care and chemotherapy. The researchers suggest a need for further research into supporting these patients to make informed end-of-life choices.