Articles tagged with Gynecology
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Dr. Charles Rardin suggests hospitals and physicians consider four issues to promote a balanced approach to Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), including case criteria, quality management, and support for all forms of MIS. This approach is necessary to ensure patients receive the best care and avoid 'robotic factories'.
Researchers discovered a less invasive technique for treating vulvar cancer, removing only the sentinel lymph node to decrease complications while maintaining low recurrence rates. The study, published at the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists meeting, included 73 women and found a 5.2% recurrence rate.
The journal Gynecologic Oncology highlights the impact of obesity on gynecologic cancer prevention, treatment, and survivorship in obese women. Research shows that 72% of US women have a BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m2, making it challenging to convince patients of behavioral change.
A clinical trial identified women most likely to benefit from vaginal mesh surgery for vaginal prolapse, specifically those with levator avulsion. The study found that patients with this condition had a higher risk of recurrence after sacrospinous vaginal colpopexy, making vaginal mesh implantation a viable alternative.
Group A streptococcus (GAS) infection can be life-threatening in pregnant women, with associated mortality rates of 30-50%. Dr. Brenna Anderson provides recommendations for rapid diagnosis and treatment of GAS infections in pregnant and postpartum women.
A recent study found that reproductive coercion and co-occurring intimate partner violence are prevalent among women in this demographic. The study's results suggest that healthcare providers should address reproductive coercion with their patients, tailoring family planning discussions and recommendations accordingly.
A clinical opinion published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology suggests that maternal oxygen supplementation during labor may not benefit the fetus and could be harmful. The authors recommend reserving oxygen for mothers with hypoxia only, pending further research.
Women who experience fertility problems are more likely to stay with their partner if they have a child after infertility evaluation. After 12 years of follow-up, nearly 27% of women were no longer living with the partner if they did not have a child.
New research reveals vulvodynia affects Hispanic women more frequently than black women, with higher incidence rates in younger women and those with pre-existing pain disorders. The study found that nearly 10 million women experience vulvodynia at any given time, highlighting the need for improved diagnosis and treatment.
A 15-year study found human error is the most common cause of infant asphyxiation at birth in Norway, with 50% attributed to poor fetal monitoring. The study suggests training for midwives and obstetricians, along with high-quality audits, could help reduce compensation claims after birth asphyxia.
Researchers will study 1,000 babies born before 30 weeks gestation using the NNNS exam to predict developmental impairment. The goal is to identify infants at greatest risk and provide early intervention and follow-up programs.
A recent study found that African-American women and non-white women have lower knowledge about urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse compared to white women. The study suggests that culturally sensitive educational interventions are urgently needed to address these disparities.
A recent Mayo Clinic survey found that uterine fibroids significantly impact the quality of life and workplace performance of women, with African-American women experiencing more severe symptoms and delayed diagnosis. The study highlights the need for better treatment options and increased awareness about this common public health issue.
A study of 66,111 pregnant women in Norway found that those with negative affectivity were more likely to engage in light alcohol use and binge drinking. This increased risk was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, highlighting the need for further research into this issue.
Scientists have created a mouse model that may reveal useful targets for new adenomyosis treatments. The model is based on the beta-catenin protein, which causes changes in cells leading to the disease.
New research reveals that large labor wards with 3,000 to 3,999 deliveries annually have lower obstetric injury claims and higher approval rates compared to smaller units. The study found that greater availability of in-house obstetricians and auxiliary specialists contributes to better patient outcomes.
A Mayo Clinic study found that patients undergoing enhanced recovery pathway (ERP) for gynecologic surgery experienced decreased narcotic use, earlier discharge, and cost savings. The ERP standardized postoperative management to reduce complications and improve patient satisfaction.
A new study published in American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology reveals that ethnicity-based birth weight charts are more accurate than traditional population-based standards. These charts can help identify small but healthy babies, reducing parental anxiety and unnecessary healthcare costs.
The University of North Carolina will assist the President's Maternal Health and Safe Motherhood Initiative by designing maternity homes, training healthcare providers, and establishing a residency program. The grant aims to reduce maternal and infant deaths in Malawi, which has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world.
A recent survey of US obstetrics and gynecology residents found that fewer than one in five receives formal training in menopause medicine. The study suggests that ob/gyn residency programs need to address this training gap, as the number of menopausal women is expected to increase due to an aging population.
A novel study suggests that surgical removal of an ovary and visible endometriosis significantly lower ovarian cancer risk in women with endometriosis. Hormonal treatments, however, did not show a protective effect against ovarian cancer.
A multistate, hospital-based quality improvement program reduced the rate of elective early term deliveries from 27.8% to 4.8%, resulting in more babies staying in the womb longer. The project saw a decrease in births before 39 weeks and an increase in full-term births.
Women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 40 or more are at increased risk of vacuum extraction delivery or Cesarean section. Excessive gestational weight gain also increases the risk of forceps, vacuum extraction, and C-section. Obesity is associated with lower gestational weight gain but larger baby sizes.
The use of robotically-assisted hysterectomy for benign gynecologic disorders increased substantially between 2007 and 2010, accounting for 9.5% of procedures in 2010. However, the procedure offered little short-term benefit and was accompanied by significantly greater costs compared to laparoscopic hysterectomy.
A recent study published in The Lancet Oncology reveals that patients with low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary or peritoneum can experience tumor stabilization or shrinkage after taking a regular dose of selumetinib. This breakthrough discovery offers new possibilities for treating previously chemoresistant tumors.
Researchers studied over 2800 women and found that planned vaginal birth is as safe as a planned cesarean section for twins born between 32-38 weeks. The study reveals no advantage in choosing cesarean births for these types of twins, with no decrease or increase in perinatal/neonatal death or serious neonatal morbidity.
A study found that perinatal outcomes of frozen/thawed embryo replacement (FER) were better than those of fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF), but poorer than the general population. FER resulted in higher rates of low birth weight, preterm birth, and macrosomia compared to spontaneous conceptions.
Researchers suggest refining definition of intrauterine growth restriction based on pregnancy outcomes, finding adverse effects mostly in pregnancies with EFW less than the 3rd centile. Most babies born to those with lower fetal weights were healthy despite abnormal ultrasound features.
Women who have undergone tubal ligation are more likely to go without regular Pap tests, increasing their risk of cervical cancer. The study found that women with tubal ligation were less frequent with Pap screenings in all age groups compared to those using other forms of contraception.
A nationwide survey of obstetricians and gynecologists found that many doctors perform routine pelvic exams in low-risk women due to misconceptions about ovarian cancer screening. The study suggests that the exams may be performed for non-clinical reasons, such as reassurance or expectation, rather than medical necessity.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology challenges the benefits of planned home birth, citing higher rates of unexpected complications, emergency transports, and perinatal mortality. The authors argue that a hospital-based approach can provide a safer and more satisfying experience for patients.
The UMSOM dean and co-author argue that changes to diagnostic criteria could dramatically increase the number of women identified with gestational diabetes, placing a burden on healthcare systems. They advise caution before revising guidelines due to potential risks and costs.
The University of Michigan will receive a $5.2 million federal grant to study the relationship between birth-related pelvic floor injuries and common disorders such as urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Researchers hope to develop new prevention strategies and treatment options for women suffering from these conditions.
A Loyola Medicine study reveals that breech births significantly increase the risk of complications for mothers and babies when the amniotic sac ruptures early. The study found that breech pregnancies were more likely to result in low amniotic fluid, premature birth, and serious neonatal outcomes.
Women who regularly use aspirin have a decreased risk of serous ovarian cancer, an aggressive form of the disease. However, the benefit must be balanced against potential adverse effects of pain medication use.
A Vanderbilt study found that pregnant women who have had prior preterm births may benefit from additional hormone, progestogens, to prevent early childbirth. However, the review also found that progestogens do not seem to help prevent preterm labor in women carrying twins or triplets.
A new study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology found that vaginal delivery is comparable to cesarean delivery for early preterm births presenting head first. However, breech presentations resulted in high failure rates and significantly lower neonatal mortality with planned cesarean delivery.
A new study by U-M researchers found that residency programs vary in their interpretation of National Residency Matching Program rules, leading to stress for both OB-GYN residents and program directors. The study suggests that frequent communication with candidates may create an unfair advantage, undermining the original purpose of the...
A new study found that caring for patients with fecal incontinence costs over $4,000 per person each year, making it a significant economic burden. The condition affects 8.3% of adults and can lead to depression and social isolation.
The hospital will expand its Transition Home Plus Program, training caregivers and reducing emergency room visits and hospital readmissions. The program is expected to save an estimated $3.7 million over three years.
A new study by UC Irvine finds significant racial and socioeconomic disparities in ovarian cancer care and survival rates. Poor women and those without insurance face significantly lower survival rates compared to their white and affluent counterparts.
Researchers have developed a new radiation therapy method, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), that shortens treatment time for gynecologic cancers from 5 weeks to just 3 days. This highly specific procedure targets well-defined tumors with focused radiation beams, minimizing damage to healthy tissues.
A study by Loyola Medicine found that despite encouragement, some patients do not walk after surgery, with median steps recorded at 80. Early discontinuation of catheters and IV fluids, as well as improved pain management, have the potential to increase walking and overall outcomes for these patients.
The study finds that early initiation of breastfeeding is the most equitable intervention among various maternal and newborn health interventions. Community-based interventions were more equally distributed than those delivered in health facilities, suggesting a need for targeted efforts to reach poorest individuals.
A national survey of OB-GYNs found that most doctors do not routinely ask about sexual problems or satisfaction, and even fewer inquire about a patient's orientation. This omission can lead to missed opportunities for diagnosis and treatment, with women often suffering in silence due to fear or embarrassment.
A new study suggests that preterm labor diagnostic markers are not universal, and should be tailored to each individual's risk factors. The research found distinct inflammatory mediators in response to different bacterial pathogens, highlighting the need for personalized approaches to diagnosis and intervention.
Researchers found that red blood cell transfusion decreased physical fatigue in women with acute postpartum anemia, but the effect was small. The study, which included over 50 Dutch hospitals, showed that expectant management without transfusion is a preferred approach.
A new study by researchers at Johns Hopkins University found that infants born via cesarean section had a higher risk of respiratory distress syndrome compared to those delivered vaginally. The study, which analyzed birth data from 1995-2003, challenged the long-held assumption that cesarean delivery is safer for high-risk pregnancies.
A new study suggests that induced labor may not lower the risk of infection or respiratory problems in newborns. The research indicates that expectant management, which involves close monitoring rather than inducing labor, is a safe alternative for women with preterm ruptured membranes.
The March of Dimes has launched a virtual network to prevent preterm birth, with the goal of reducing the rate to 9.6%. The network aims to share information on successful programs and policies to prevent preterm births, resulting in better health outcomes for babies.
A new fermented soy ingredient containing S-equol significantly reduced hot flash frequency in a placebo-controlled study of postmenopausal Japanese women. The supplement also relieved muscle discomfort, including neck and shoulder stiffness.
Fetal tracheal occlusion significantly improves infant survival in severe cases of CDH by enhancing pulmonary growth, increasing survival rates from less than 5% to about 50%. The study establishes FETO as standard care for severe forms of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
A University of Cincinnati researcher is comparing historical data on home births from the 1970s with current trends, highlighting similarities in higher education levels among women opting for home births. In contrast, physician attendance at home births has decreased significantly over time, according to the study.
A recent study published in Obstetrics & Gynecology found that hysterectomies increase the risk of early menopause among younger women. The research tracked over 900 women for five years and found that 14.8% experienced menopause, compared to 8% of healthy controls.
Medical students who practiced on a patient simulator before assisting in real-life vaginal deliveries scored significantly higher on their final examinations. Simulation training increased student confidence and effectiveness in performing vaginal delivery maneuvers.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found an accelerated hepatitis B vaccination schedule to be effective and well-tolerated in high-risk pregnant women. The study's findings suggest that a shortened 12-week vaccine regimen can provide long-term immunity and is comparable to the standard 6-month adult schedule.
A recent Yale study examining the rise in cesarean births found that a significant proportion of the increase was due to slow progress in labor and fetal heart rate concerns. The researchers also discovered that suspected large infants, twin pregnancies, and preeclampsia contributed to the increase despite stable rates in the population.
Cervical ripening in preterm and term births has distinct processes, with preterm ripening caused by inflammation-induced changes and not an acceleration of the physiologic process. The study aims to determine effective therapies for each cause of preterm birth.
The Society of Gynecologic Oncology has released guidelines for surveillance of gynecologic cancer recurrence in women who have had a complete response to primary cancer therapy. The recommendations focus on clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, advising against routine cytologic procedures or imaging unless necessary.
Pelvic organ prolapse is caused by a combination of loss of elasticity and breakdown of proteins in the vaginal wall. Researchers found that fibulin-5 blocks enzymes degrading protein support structures, leading to prolapse.