Articles tagged with Gynecology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The FIGO PALM-COEIN classification system provides a universally accepted method for classifying abnormal uterine bleeding, facilitating communication among clinicians and researchers. The system categorizes causes of AUB into nine categories, enabling consistent and practical application of medical and surgical therapy.
Dr. Mala S. Mahendroo will investigate biological mechanisms and causes of premature birth with a new $600,000 Burroughs Wellcome Fund grant. She aims to develop an imaging tool to assess collagen changes that precede preterm birth.
A study of pregnant women using intrauterine devices found that over half had malpositioned devices, which may increase pregnancy complications. Regular sonograms after IUD placement can help confirm proper positioning and reduce risks.
A survey of hundreds of cancer survivors confirms that more than forty percent want medical attention for their sexual health needs. The researchers found that younger women and those who had been out of treatment for over a year were more likely to want medical care, highlighting the need for better support.
Researchers found elderly patients are four times more likely to die from treatment complications than the disease itself. The study, which analyzed data from 70 women, showed that elderly patients faced a higher risk of dying from intercurrent diseases or treatment-related complications.
A recent study from the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB Health) has found that women using injectable or oral contraception, including DMPA and desogestrel, do not experience adverse effects on glucose and insulin levels. The research, conducted over three years, provides reassuring news for non-diabetic women using hormonal c...
The American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopy (AAGL) advocates for vaginal or laparoscopic hysterectomy due to low surgical risks and reduced morbidity. These minimally invasive procedures enable faster recovery periods and shorter hospital stays.
Three papers were selected for the inaugural Contraception Article Award for their exceptional quality and impact on the field of family planning. The awarded articles cover topics such as bone mineral density recovery after contraceptive use, medical abortion follow-up, and postpartum intrauterine contraception cost-effectiveness.
Dr. Edward Chien's $3.7M NIH grant will recruit up to 700 pregnant women to develop more accurate algorithms for tracking fetal development and predicting healthy small fetuses. The study aims to identify pathologic versus normal growth patterns in both singletons and twins.
A University of Michigan study found that in-country OB/GYN training programs significantly contributed to doctors' decision to remain in Ghana. The availability and presence of a viable training program played a crucial role, along with social and economic factors, in graduates' choices.
A new study found that planned home births are associated with a tripling of the neonatal mortality rate compared to planned hospital deliveries. Women giving birth at home experienced fewer medical interventions, but their infants had higher rates of respiratory distress and failed resuscitation.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center compared the outcomes of two surgical procedures designed to alleviate symptoms of stress urinary incontinence. Both procedures, transvaginal sling and transobturator midurethral sling, appear to be similarly effective in women up to 12 months after the procedures were performed.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a novel protein called Preimplantation Factor, which is crucial for successful pregnancy. The protein modulates maternal immunity and promotes early embryo attachment, influencing uterine cell remodeling.
Two surgical techniques for female stress incontinence were found to be equivalent in efficacy but differed in side effects. The retropubic procedure had a higher rate of urinary dysfunction requiring surgery compared to the transobturator procedure. These findings will help guide care for women undergoing stress-incontinence surgery.
A study found that pregnant women with flu often experience symptoms like nausea and a rapid heartbeat. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications, according to the UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers.
A recent survey of women undergoing gynecologic surgery found that most were not concerned about the effects on their sex lives, despite 37% expressing worries about reduced desire after sterilization. Hormone levels are not affected by these procedures.
The revised CONSORT 2010 statement provides a checklist to ensure randomised controlled trials are reported transparently and reliably. The guidelines aim to improve the quality of trial reports, making it easier for decision-makers to evaluate the soundness of trial results.
A new study suggests that elective removal of ovaries during hysterectomy may not be beneficial and could even increase the risk of other health problems. The study analyzed data from over 300,000 women who underwent the procedure, finding a link between oophorectomy and increased risks of coronary artery disease and hip fractures.
A recent study found that many young women view gynaecological visits as a chance to discuss their sex lives and relationships. Women, doctors, and midwives agree that these visits can foster confident women who better understand their bodies and sexuality.
Women without HOXA13 gene mutations do not need x-rays and tests for hand-foot genital syndrome, according to a new study. Hand-foot genital syndrome affects reproductive and urinary systems development.
A study ranked obstetrical residency programs based on maternal complication rates, finding that top-quintile programs had significantly lower complication rates compared to bottom-quintile programs. The rankings were consistent across individual types of complications, suggesting that these rates may reflect overall quality.
Elective labor induction at 41 weeks of gestation lowers cesarean risk by 22 percent compared to waiting. Women whose labor was electively induced were also half as likely to have meconium-stained amniotic fluid, a sign of fetal stress. However, physicians need to give inductions sufficient time to work before deciding on a cesarean.
Researchers identified 'early gainers' who averaged 24 pounds of weight gain over three years, linked to increased abdominal fat and metabolic syndrome. The study recommends physicians tailor counseling based on women's risk factors and suggest alternative contraception methods for those who gain significant weight.
Research conducted by Yale University researchers found that women with preeclampsia in previous pregnancies are at higher risk of hypertension after pregnancy. Additionally, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, and low-birth weight tend to recur and increase the risk of complications in future pregnancies.
Women with excessive menstrual bleeding may have underlying bleeding disorders. The consensus conference recommends hematologic evaluations to diagnose conditions like Von Willebrand Disease, which affects 74-92% of women with menorrhagia.
Researchers at Temple University discovered that women who perceive their bodies as ideal, even if they are obese or overweight, can still experience health issues. The study found that African-American and Hispanic women underestimated their current body size more often than white women.
A study at Yale-New Haven Hospital found that implementing simple clinical interventions, including communication training and standardizing procedures, significantly improved maternal and newborn outcomes. The rate of adverse events decreased by 60%, while the staff's perception of safety increased by 30%.
A noninvasive test using diffusion weighted MRI accurately identifies benign from malignant pelvic lymph nodes in patients with gynecologic malignancy. The test has a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 85%, making it a useful tool for determining the extent of cancer spread.
A new procedure using saline-infusion sonography allows doctors to visualize and diagnose diseases in the lining of the uterus, improving diagnosis accuracy. The study found that the procedure correctly diagnosed benign polyps and cancers more often than blind biopsies.
Lawrence Platt and Ernest Feleppa receive top awards for their contributions to medical ultrasound, with Platt recognized for clinical science and Feleppa for basic science research, both funded by the National Institutes of Health.
Einstein College of Medicine has established a Specialized Cooperative Center Program in Reproduction and Infertility Research, focusing on menstrual disorders, endometriosis, and infertility. The center aims to translate breakthroughs in reproductive biology into clinical practice and address health disparities in the local community.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that both Latino and non-Latino women are more likely to accept HPV vaccination for themselves and their children than previously reported. The main motivator for these women is the prevention of cancer, with no association between vaccine acceptance and income or education level.
A post-hysterectomy analysis found about half of women with pre-cancerous cell changes still had invasive endometrial cancer. Women diagnosed with complex atypical hyperplasia should be referred to a gynecologic oncologist for evaluation.
The Ovarian Cancer Research Fund (OCRF) and the Gynecologic Cancer Foundation (GCF) have jointly funded a new study on ovarian cancer symptoms, aiming to develop a systematic screening process. Dr. Barbara Goff will lead the three-year study, which seeks to create a symptom index for early detection.
A study found that measuring lower uterine segment (LUS) thickness can predict uterine scar defects and anticipate high-risk patients for subsequent uterine rupture. Women with full LUS thickness under 2.3mm and single-layer muscular closure are at increased risk.
A phase III, international randomized clinical trial supports a new standard of treatment for women with advanced ovarian cancer, reducing complications and post-operative deaths. The study demonstrates that neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery can be the preferred treatment for patients with very extensive d...
A recent study published in Obstetrics & Gynecology reveals that nearly 40% of women experience sexual problems, but only 12% report these issues as a source of significant personal distress. The study suggests that certain age groups and health conditions can influence the level of distress associated with sexual problems.
Pregnant women who wait out stalled labor for an extra two hours can reduce health risks and eliminate over 130,000 C-section deliveries per year. A new study by researchers at UCSF found that one-third of women achieve a normal delivery without harm.
A two-year study led by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that combining a vaginal delivery with a Caesarean section for the second twin is generally safe. The researchers compared over 1,000 women who underwent this procedure and found that it was associated with a slightly higher risk of infection, but this risk was easily treated.
The study found a significant decline in surgical and medical complications for hysterectomies, with laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy showing a 50% reduction. However, African-American women had higher rates of medical and surgical complications, highlighting the need for further research to address disparities.
A new study reveals that perinatal death takes a significant emotional toll on obstetricians, with three-quarters reporting an emotional impact. Obstetricians often struggle with feelings of guilt and self-blame after a stillbirth or infant death, and worry about disciplinary action from no identified cause. Improved bereavement traini...
A study found that bullying in nursing workplaces leads to declining patient care quality and increased health problems among nurses. Author Dianne Felblinger recommends implementing zero-tolerance standards to prevent such incidents.
A case report describes a woman with small bowel endometriosis who presented symptoms similar to Crohn's disease. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, highlighting the need for accurate differential diagnosis in clinical practice.
A multi-center study of 500 women found that more women preferred the contraceptive ring over the skin patch due to lower complication rates and higher satisfaction. The ring was also reported to have fewer side effects compared to the patch.
Researchers identified a significant association between genetic mutations in the TLR4 gene and inflammatory injury to the placenta, increasing the risk of preterm birth. Women with this mutation were five times more likely to experience placental inflammation, while babies with the mutation faced nearly five times the risk.
Approximately 44.4 million US adults receive preventive health examinations annually, with 20.9% of the population participating in both genders. Preventive services such as mammograms and cholesterol screening are provided at 52.9% of these visits.
A recent study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that nearly 21% of US adults receive a preventive physical exam annually, with estimated total costs reaching $5.2 billion per year. The study also revealed significant variations in clinical practice patterns and patient beliefs across the country.
A team of U-M researchers, including gynecologists and engineers, will use the grant to examine damage to pelvic muscles during vaginal deliveries. They aim to develop preventive strategies to reduce injury rates, which affect up to 300,000 women per year.
Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University discovered that intrauterine devices (IUDs) are acceptable for women at high risk of sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy. The study, published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, found lower rates of complications and greater acceptability with the Mirena IUS.
A study of 132 rare ovarian cancer survivors found that most retained menstrual function and reproductive ability after treatment. Despite reproductive concerns, survivors were more likely to be in meaningful, positive relationships than healthy counterparts.
Researchers found that treating expectant mothers with 17 Alpha Hydroxyprogesterone caproate reduces short-term and lifetime medical costs in offspring by an estimated $2 billion annually. This could lead to significant cost savings for the US healthcare system, making it a promising preventive measure against preterm births.
A case-control study found that women with no annual medical visits or pelvic examinations and those with no regular health care provider are at a higher risk of ovarian cancer. Postmenopausal women are particularly vulnerable to this increased risk.
Research shows African American mothers are 3 times more likely to deliver prematurely at 20-34 weeks and almost 4 times more likely to deliver extremely prematurely. Repeating premature births also occur at a significantly higher rate among African American women compared to Caucasian mothers.
The March of Dimes has allocated $3 million to support eight scientists' research on predicting and preventing preterm birth. Five projects focus on immune responses, while others investigate the role of genetic factors, circadian rhythms, and potassium balance.
A study found a strong connection between muscle damage during vaginal deliveries and pelvic organ prolapse, which causes the uterus, bladder, or bowel to fall down. The research suggests that preventing these injuries can help reduce the rate of pelvic organ prolapse.
Researchers at Yale University found that competitive female cyclists have reduced genital sensitivity. No negative effects were observed on sexual function or quality of life in the study's young, healthy participants.
SAGE Publications will begin publishing Reproductive Sciences on behalf of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation (SGI), advancing knowledge in reproductive biology. The journal, formerly known as the Journal of SGI, has an impact factor of 2.887 and is ranked 8th among obstetrics and gynecology journals.
A recent study found that Florida medical students are discouraged from pursuing obstetrics and gynecology careers due to high malpractice premiums and liability concerns. The survey results suggest a significant shortage of specialists in the field, with many students considering leaving the state to practice.
A new study from Michigan Medicine found that managing early pregnancy failures in an office setting is an acceptable option for many women, with lower costs and longer procedures compared to operating room procedures. Women opted for the office procedure reported higher pain levels but no major complications.
A multicenter trial of thousands of women found that physicians' judgment plays a crucial role in determining the speed of emergency Cesarean deliveries. The study showed no significant difference in complications between those performed within and outside the 30-minute time limit.