Articles tagged with Risk Factors
A new study reveals that non-food factors such as swimming and private well water exposure pose significant risks for sporadic bacterial enteric infections, comparable to food-borne risk factors. The findings highlight the importance of controlling these environmental exposures to prevent outbreaks.
A randomized clinical trial involving sedentary obese older adults found that a combination of resistance and aerobic exercises improved insulin resistance and functional limitations. The study showed greater improvements with combined exercise compared to individual types of exercise.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health identified key risk factors that delayed or prolonged the evacuation from the World Trade Center Towers on September 11. The researchers found that lack of awareness and experience, as well as personal concerns and poor footwear, contributed to time delays.
A study of 506 older adults found that those who were socially active, outgoing, and calm had a 50% lower risk of developing dementia compared to those who were isolated and prone to distress. Lifestyle factors can be modified to reduce dementia risk, offering hopeful news for those nearing retirement age.
A new study published in the Journal of Athletic Training suggests that college football players are not immune to the health risks associated with metabolic syndrome. The research found nearly half of the athletes studied had at least three risk factors, including excess abdominal fat, high blood pressure, and low HDL cholesterol levels.
Researchers found that half of individuals under 50 with low short-term risk may not remain low-risk throughout their lives. Long-term risk estimation could provide new information on risk prediction, supporting its inclusion in clinical practice.
A study found that job strain is associated with a higher risk of stroke in Japanese men, particularly those with high job demand and low control. The relationship may be mediated by chronic diseases such as obesity and high blood pressure.
A new study by researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham found that geographic and racial differences do not fully explain the South's higher stroke death rate, with a greater-than 40 percent higher mortality rate in eight southeastern states.
A study found that participants who slept an hour longer per night had a lower incidence of coronary artery calcification, a predictor of future heart disease. The association was similar to established coronary risk factors and held true even after adjusting for potential confounders.
A recent study published in JAMA found that skipping one hour of sleep per night can increase the risk of coronary artery calcification, a precursor to cardiovascular disease. The study, which followed 495 healthy volunteers, found that those who slept less than five hours per night were more likely to develop calcified arteries.
Researchers created a simple model to predict patients at high risk for chronic kidney disease, using an eight-point risk factor checklist. The model accurately stratifies middle-aged and older patients and has been validated across different cohorts.
A study by University of Washington researchers found that two-thirds of women who donated eggs reported satisfaction with the process, but 16% experienced physical symptoms and 20% had lasting psychological effects. Women's motivations for donation varied, with some citing altruism and others financial concerns.
A study published in JAMA found that a low-glycemic index diet resulted in greater improvements in glycemic control and reduced cardiovascular risk factors compared to a high-cereal fiber diet. The researchers found that participants on the low-glycemic index diet had lower hemoglobin A1c levels and improved lipid profiles.
A recent study published in the journal Risk Analysis found that eating one egg per day has a negligible impact on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in healthy adults. The study suggests that lifestyle factors such as poor diet, smoking, and physical inactivity contribute significantly to CHD risk.
Researchers at the University of Calgary found that tropical regions have higher risks of plant extinction than previously thought. The study analyzed worldwide databases and discovered that factors like latitude are more important in determining the number of threatened species than human activities.
A study found that depression increases cardiovascular events due to a lack of physical activity and other unhealthy behaviors. Patients with depressive symptoms had a 50% greater risk of cardiovascular events compared to those without symptoms.
Researchers found that genetic screening for type 2 diabetes is not significantly better than traditional risk factors such as weight, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels. The study identified 18 gene variants associated with increased risk, but the value of genetic screening improved as more risk genes were discovered.
Individuals born with very low birth weights are at higher risk of developing secondary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, a condition that causes scarring in the kidneys. This association highlights the importance of considering birth history in adult patients to prevent misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment.
Researchers found that teens engaging in risky behaviors like sex, smoking, and drinking are more likely to use crystal meth. In high-risk youth, family history of alcohol abuse, psychiatric treatment, and juvenile detention were associated with methamphetamine use.
A North Carolina State University study has identified five risk factors associated with farm vehicle crashes on public roads, including the use of non-English speaking drivers and young farm vehicle drivers. The study suggests that a comprehensive approach, including driver licensing, training, and monitoring, could reduce the risk of...
Researchers found associations between lifestyle, behavioral, and demographic variables on cancer risk among the elderly, including moderate physical activities decreasing cancer risk. Tobacco consumption was also linked to lung cancer, while comorbidities increased breast and prostate cancer risk.
Research found that minority children waiting for heart transplants had significantly higher mortality rates than their white counterparts, even after controlling for age, health status, and socioeconomic factors. The study revealed a 60% greater chance of death among black children, a 50% higher mortality rate among Hispanics, and a 1...
Researchers used ultrasound imaging to view carotid intima media thickness, revealing those in the higher end of low-risk group had intermediate risk for coronary heart disease. The study found that about 4% of individuals with estimated 0-5% risk had a heart attack, while over 13% of those with 5-10% risk suffered from coronary events.
A recent study by Temple University Sociology Professor Matt Wray found that Las Vegas faces a significantly higher suicide rate than the rest of the country. Residents and visitors to the city are more likely to die by suicide, with some even experiencing an increased risk when traveling away from home.
A new analysis by Mayo Clinic reveals that the positive US health trend of reducing heart disease risk over the past 30 years has flattened. Women are especially affected, with no significant decline in risk from 2000 to 2014.
A long-term secondary prevention program lasting up to three years has been shown to reduce the risk of a second non-fatal heart attack and other cardiovascular events. The program, which includes individualized risk factor and lifestyle management, resulted in a significant decrease in cardiovascular death and non-fatal heart attacks.
A study by the American Heart Association found that Hispanic patients were 57% less likely than Caucasian patients to undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) one year after successful angioplasty. Hispanics also had a trend toward lower rates of overall repeat revascularization procedures, including stenting and bypass surgery.
A large study of nearly 11,000 adults suggests that obstructive sleep apnea may be a risk factor for sudden cardiac death, particularly in patients with low nighttime oxygen saturation. The study found that severe cases of OSA were associated with an increased risk of SCD, independent of other established risk factors.
DeCODE's DNA-based risk tests have been shown to increase accuracy of MI risk prediction by measuring genetic markers on chromosomes 9p21 and 4q25. These tests provide a new tool for improving screening, prevention, and treatment of cardiovascular conditions.
A recent study found that rural women are at increased risk of pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension, associated with maternal poverty and social deprivation. The researchers identified novel risk factors, including living in a rural area and having some college education, which were independent of other risk factors.
deCODE's DNA-based tests measure genetic markers linked to increased cardiovascular conditions' risk. These tests provide doctors with a new tool for improving screening, prevention, and treatment.
The study found that population-wide best-practice interventions could reduce coronary heart disease mortality by 57% and the difference between socioeconomic groups by 69%. Primordial prevention strategies could achieve even greater reductions, up to 86%.
A new study found that family dynamics mediate the relationship between gender and mental health issues for African-American court-involved youth. Both girls and boys showed similar levels of externalizing and internalizing behavior once family dysfunction was taken into account.
A new study has identified 11 clinical risk factors that can help doctors weigh the risks and benefits of carotid surgery. The study found advanced age and non-white patients are at higher risk for death or stroke after surgery.
A study by Queen Mary University of London reveals higher rates of psychosis among all black and ethnic minority subgroups compared to white British individuals. The risk varies by ethnicity and generation, with second-generation immigrants facing a significantly increased risk due to their age profile.
Research published in BMC Pediatrics reveals that children who engage in behaviors like sexual activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking are more likely to use methamphetamines. Long-term use of the drug can be a serious problem due to its low cost and ready availability.
A large prospective study found that whole grain consumption lowered heart failure risk, while high-fat dairy and egg intake increased risk. Researchers recommend increasing whole grain intake and reducing high-fat dairy and egg consumption for those at high risk of heart failure.
A new study found that tart cherry-enriched diets lowered body weight and fat, reducing cholesterol and inflammation levels. The research suggests a direct anti-inflammation effect and may help lower heart disease risk in humans.
A recent study found that physically active individuals before suffering a stroke tend to have less severe problems and recover better compared to those who were inactive. The top 25% of people in the study group were two-and-a-half times more likely to suffer a less severe stroke.
A study found that low birth weight is a significant risk factor for infantile hemangiomas, with a nine-fold increase for every 1.1-pound decrease in birth weight. The number of low birth weight infants has increased significantly in the US, contributing to an estimated 40% rise in infantile hemangioma incidence over the last 20 years.
The QResearch database has released a new report on public health indicators, including obesity, smoking, and cholesterol levels in over four million patients. The study finds that smoking rates are highest in deprived areas and that obesity levels continue to rise in the North and Wales.
MedImmune presents four abstracts on the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease among preterm infants, highlighting increased medical costs and morbidity in late-preterm births. The company's research aims to identify new risk factors for RSV hospitalization and evaluate cost implications of expanded prophylaxis.
Research found that inherited and acquired risk factors play a significant role in abdominal venous thrombosis. Acquired risk factors were more common in patients with Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVT), while hereditary risk factors were similar in both BCS and SVT groups.
A new study found that individuals who start drinking before age 15 are more likely to develop alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) in adulthood. The research, published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, controlled for various individual risk factors and found that early drinking is associated with increased AUD risk.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that birth size is a significant marker of susceptibility to breast cancer later in life. The research analyzed data from over 600,000 women and discovered that a 0.5 kg increase in birth weight was associated with a 7% higher risk of breast cancer. Birth length and head circumference were a...
A study found that hospitalized patients with severe co-morbidity and high serum C-reactive protein levels are at higher risk for severe CDAD. The analysis also revealed a 22% rate of severe CDAD, associated with a high 30-day mortality and longer hospital stays.
A study published in Circulation found that American Indians have a higher incidence of stroke compared to white and black Americans, with first strokes being more deadly. Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, and cigarette smoking.
Researchers found that family history, high CEA levels, cancerous perforation, tumor differentiation, and vessel cancerous emboli are significant risk factors for local recurrence. Patients with positive circumferential resection margins had a higher rate of local recurrence compared to those with negative margins.
The study found that increasing age, BMI, and concomitant diseases are predictors of gallstone disease in males and females. Pain in the right hypocondrium or epigastrium is the only symptom associated with GD, and symptom severity increases as a function of the natural history of the disease.
A new model predicts long-term survival of critically ill patients based on seven commonly collected clinical variables. Age and co-morbidity have a significant impact on survival rates, with age being the most critical factor.
Researchers have identified a new gene variant linked to non-diabetic end-stage renal disease in African Americans, increasing their risk of kidney failure. The MYH9 gene variant is found more frequently among individuals with West African ancestry and may interact with environmental factors to cause the disease.
A new study by Karolinska Institutet found that immigrant women from different countries have varying risks of developing cervical cancer. Women from east Africa had a significantly lower risk, while those from Norway and Denmark had a higher risk.
A recent study by the American Academy of Ophthalmology found that 12% of ophthalmologists use electronic health records, with positive outcomes including increased productivity and cost savings. Researchers also identified factors predicting risk of progression from early to advanced age-related macular degeneration.
The carotid artery's intima-media thickness (IMT) is a valuable research tool that can predict cardiovascular events. Measuring IMT using non-invasive ultrasound allows for monitoring over time and assessing the impact of risk factor interventions.
A new study led by the University of Leicester found that men's sex hormones, particularly estradiol and estrone, are associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors such as high total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. This suggests that natural endogenous estrogens may play a role in increasing heart disease risk in men.
A global survey found that people in high-income countries underestimate the risk of alcohol consumption, while those in low- and middle-income countries have more pessimistic beliefs about cancer treatment. The survey also reveals a preference for doctors to make treatment decisions in lower-income countries.
A study found that reproductive and hormonal factors influence the risk of developing different subtypes of breast cancer. Breastfeeding for 6 months or longer was associated with a lower risk of luminal and triple-negative cancers, while late age at menopause and estrogen therapy were linked to increased risks.
The APA task force report highlights the importance of positive attitudes, racial identity, and family support in promoting resilience among African-American youth. The report identifies four key themes: active engagement, flexibility, communalism, and critical-mindedness.
A retrospective analysis of postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer found that previous use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), hormone-receptor positivity, and treatment with anastrozole versus tamoxifen were associated with joint symptoms. Obesity was also linked to increased joint symptoms in these patients.
Researchers argue that structural approaches can significantly reduce HIV risk and vulnerability, particularly in addressing gender inequality and economic dependence. Examples of successful initiatives include needle exchange programmes and empowering sex workers to take control of their own health.