Articles tagged with Risk Factors
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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The study found that population-wide best-practice interventions could reduce coronary heart disease mortality by 57% and the difference between socioeconomic groups by 69%. Primordial prevention strategies could achieve even greater reductions, up to 86%.
A new study found that family dynamics mediate the relationship between gender and mental health issues for African-American court-involved youth. Both girls and boys showed similar levels of externalizing and internalizing behavior once family dysfunction was taken into account.
A new study has identified 11 clinical risk factors that can help doctors weigh the risks and benefits of carotid surgery. The study found advanced age and non-white patients are at higher risk for death or stroke after surgery.
A study by Queen Mary University of London reveals higher rates of psychosis among all black and ethnic minority subgroups compared to white British individuals. The risk varies by ethnicity and generation, with second-generation immigrants facing a significantly increased risk due to their age profile.
Research published in BMC Pediatrics reveals that children who engage in behaviors like sexual activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking are more likely to use methamphetamines. Long-term use of the drug can be a serious problem due to its low cost and ready availability.
A large prospective study found that whole grain consumption lowered heart failure risk, while high-fat dairy and egg intake increased risk. Researchers recommend increasing whole grain intake and reducing high-fat dairy and egg consumption for those at high risk of heart failure.
A new study found that tart cherry-enriched diets lowered body weight and fat, reducing cholesterol and inflammation levels. The research suggests a direct anti-inflammation effect and may help lower heart disease risk in humans.
A recent study found that physically active individuals before suffering a stroke tend to have less severe problems and recover better compared to those who were inactive. The top 25% of people in the study group were two-and-a-half times more likely to suffer a less severe stroke.
A study found that low birth weight is a significant risk factor for infantile hemangiomas, with a nine-fold increase for every 1.1-pound decrease in birth weight. The number of low birth weight infants has increased significantly in the US, contributing to an estimated 40% rise in infantile hemangioma incidence over the last 20 years.
The QResearch database has released a new report on public health indicators, including obesity, smoking, and cholesterol levels in over four million patients. The study finds that smoking rates are highest in deprived areas and that obesity levels continue to rise in the North and Wales.
MedImmune presents four abstracts on the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease among preterm infants, highlighting increased medical costs and morbidity in late-preterm births. The company's research aims to identify new risk factors for RSV hospitalization and evaluate cost implications of expanded prophylaxis.
Research found that inherited and acquired risk factors play a significant role in abdominal venous thrombosis. Acquired risk factors were more common in patients with Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVT), while hereditary risk factors were similar in both BCS and SVT groups.
A new study found that individuals who start drinking before age 15 are more likely to develop alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) in adulthood. The research, published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, controlled for various individual risk factors and found that early drinking is associated with increased AUD risk.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that birth size is a significant marker of susceptibility to breast cancer later in life. The research analyzed data from over 600,000 women and discovered that a 0.5 kg increase in birth weight was associated with a 7% higher risk of breast cancer. Birth length and head circumference were a...
A study found that hospitalized patients with severe co-morbidity and high serum C-reactive protein levels are at higher risk for severe CDAD. The analysis also revealed a 22% rate of severe CDAD, associated with a high 30-day mortality and longer hospital stays.
A study published in Circulation found that American Indians have a higher incidence of stroke compared to white and black Americans, with first strokes being more deadly. Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, and cigarette smoking.
Researchers found that family history, high CEA levels, cancerous perforation, tumor differentiation, and vessel cancerous emboli are significant risk factors for local recurrence. Patients with positive circumferential resection margins had a higher rate of local recurrence compared to those with negative margins.
The study found that increasing age, BMI, and concomitant diseases are predictors of gallstone disease in males and females. Pain in the right hypocondrium or epigastrium is the only symptom associated with GD, and symptom severity increases as a function of the natural history of the disease.
A new model predicts long-term survival of critically ill patients based on seven commonly collected clinical variables. Age and co-morbidity have a significant impact on survival rates, with age being the most critical factor.
Researchers have identified a new gene variant linked to non-diabetic end-stage renal disease in African Americans, increasing their risk of kidney failure. The MYH9 gene variant is found more frequently among individuals with West African ancestry and may interact with environmental factors to cause the disease.
A new study by Karolinska Institutet found that immigrant women from different countries have varying risks of developing cervical cancer. Women from east Africa had a significantly lower risk, while those from Norway and Denmark had a higher risk.
A recent study by the American Academy of Ophthalmology found that 12% of ophthalmologists use electronic health records, with positive outcomes including increased productivity and cost savings. Researchers also identified factors predicting risk of progression from early to advanced age-related macular degeneration.
The carotid artery's intima-media thickness (IMT) is a valuable research tool that can predict cardiovascular events. Measuring IMT using non-invasive ultrasound allows for monitoring over time and assessing the impact of risk factor interventions.
A new study led by the University of Leicester found that men's sex hormones, particularly estradiol and estrone, are associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors such as high total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. This suggests that natural endogenous estrogens may play a role in increasing heart disease risk in men.
A global survey found that people in high-income countries underestimate the risk of alcohol consumption, while those in low- and middle-income countries have more pessimistic beliefs about cancer treatment. The survey also reveals a preference for doctors to make treatment decisions in lower-income countries.
A study found that reproductive and hormonal factors influence the risk of developing different subtypes of breast cancer. Breastfeeding for 6 months or longer was associated with a lower risk of luminal and triple-negative cancers, while late age at menopause and estrogen therapy were linked to increased risks.
The APA task force report highlights the importance of positive attitudes, racial identity, and family support in promoting resilience among African-American youth. The report identifies four key themes: active engagement, flexibility, communalism, and critical-mindedness.
A retrospective analysis of postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer found that previous use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), hormone-receptor positivity, and treatment with anastrozole versus tamoxifen were associated with joint symptoms. Obesity was also linked to increased joint symptoms in these patients.
Researchers argue that structural approaches can significantly reduce HIV risk and vulnerability, particularly in addressing gender inequality and economic dependence. Examples of successful initiatives include needle exchange programmes and empowering sex workers to take control of their own health.
A study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases found that the common HIV infectivity rate of 1 transmission per 1000 contacts is inaccurate and significantly underestimates actual transmission rates. The study estimated varying degrees of risk, including a 300-fold difference between different types of contact.
A study published in the journal AIDS has found that long-term antiretroviral therapy for HIV may offer protection against atherosclerosis. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study measured coronary artery calcification in nearly 950 HIV-positive and HIV-negative men, finding CAC scores were almost 60% lower in those on HAART.
A 14-year follow-up study found that individuals with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea had a significantly higher mortality rate compared to those with mild OSA or no sleep apnea. The study, which involved a community-based sample of adults, provides strong evidence linking sleep apnea to all-cause mortality.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery in schizophrenia research, identifying three microdeletions and several single nucleotide polymorphisms that contribute to the illness. These genetic variations increase disease risk, with one of the microdeletions found on chromosome 1 having a moderate to large impact.
A bi-national study found that male injection drug users deported from the US to Tijuana have a four-fold higher risk of HIV infection. The study suggests a need for cross-border prevention and treatment programs.
A new study found that smoking is associated with a higher risk of stroke in spouses, particularly among never-smokers. Quitting smoking eliminates this risk, suggesting the health benefits of cessation extend beyond individual smokers to their partners.
Researchers found that a lifetime of eating tuna, sardines, salmon and other fish appears to protect Japanese men against clogged arteries despite other cardiovascular risk factors. Omega-3 fatty acids from fish were linked to low levels of atherosclerosis.
A large study of 5837 middle-aged civil servants found that coronary heart disease is associated with impaired cognitive performance, particularly for men. The study suggests that preventive measures such as smoking cessation and physical exercise can help mitigate this effect.
Researchers at University of Cambridge discovered under-active brain regions associated with genetic risk for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity in patients with OCD and their family members, showing impaired function in areas controlling flexible behavior.
Researchers found no therapeutic benefit in low-sodium diets for adults with asthma, contrary to past studies. The study suggests that further dietary research should focus on factors other than sodium.
A new study found that kids who believe cigarettes are easily accessible and have friends who smoke are more likely to become regular smokers. The researchers used simple questions to identify high-risk children, highlighting the importance of discussing smoking risks with parents and healthcare professionals.
A study found that male mice are more susceptible to blood clots due to sex-specific growth hormone secretion patterns. The researchers used a mouse model of thrombosis and discovered that pulsatile GH secretion in males protects against clot formation, while continuous GH secretion in females has the opposite effect.
Researchers found that adding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to clinical models did not significantly improve the accuracy of breast cancer risk predictions. In fact, SNPs were less able to accurately discriminate risk than established models using clinical factors.
Researchers found that current mathematical models overlook random differences between individuals in a given population, leading to underestimated extinction risks. The study's results suggest that factors such as sex ratio variations and physical variation within populations can significantly impact extinction rates.
Researchers at Montreal Heart Institute and Mount Sinai Hospital discover 21 new genetic risk factors associated with Crohn's disease, more than doubling the amount of genetic information about the disease. This breakthrough study offers hope for better-targeted therapy for millions of people with inflammatory bowel diseases.
A study found 10.7% of asymptomatic middle-aged individuals had silent cerebral infarctions, a brain injury caused by blood clots. Hypertension and atrial fibrillation significantly increased the risk of SCI.
Researchers have discovered a new genetic risk factor, CALHM1, associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The gene affects calcium levels and is linked to increased amyloid-ß peptides, forming brain plaques in the disease.
A study led by Florida State University has found that the APOE epsilon 4 allele is a risk factor for African-Americans as well as whites. The gene increases the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in both populations. Researchers hope to develop medicines that slow or prevent Alzheimer's disease using this newfound understanding.
A multicenter study has identified risk factors for sudden death in people with myotonic dystrophy type 1, a common form of muscular dystrophy. The study found that patients with significant ECG abnormalities were at a 3.5 times higher risk of sudden death, while those with atrial arrhythmias had a 5 times higher risk.
Restoring normal testosterone levels in hypogonadal men leads to major improvements in metabolic syndrome features. Older men (63+) benefit equally as younger men from testosterone treatment, according to studies presented at The Endocrine Society's 90th Annual Meeting.
A study published in JAMA found that treated type 2 diabetes is associated with a higher risk of developing depression, while untreated diabetes has no significant link. The study suggests that psychological stress from managing diabetes may contribute to elevated depressive symptoms.
A new study found that laparoscopic gastric banding surgery improves the health of morbidly obese teenagers just six months after the procedure. The patients experienced significant improvement in measures of medical disorders, including abdominal fat, triglycerides, and blood sugar levels.
A new study published in JAMA found that patients with depression are more likely to develop type-2 diabetes, and those with type-2 diabetes are also at a higher risk for developing depression. The study used data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) to investigate this connection.
Researchers from Harvard University found that teenage athletes with hormone disorders may experience amenorrhea, leading to infertility and early bone density loss. Ghrelin levels were higher in amenorrheic girls than non-athletes, suggesting a link between energy deficit and menstrual irregularities.
Researchers found that hormone replacement therapy maintained coronary endothelial function, while those without HRT experienced worsening endothelium function. Postmenopausal women who gave up HRT demonstrated the most severe drop in endothelial function.
Older adults experience increased bone loss, but antiresorptive medications can attenuate this process. Researchers found that even in women aged 50-54, bone loss was only 1.3% per year.
A new study found that Mexico's southern region has the highest rates of infectious and nutritional diseases, as well as non-communicable diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. The study also identified being overweight, high blood glucose, and alcohol use as major risk factors for these diseases.
Rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory rheumatic diseases increase cardiovascular risk; EULAR Task Force recommends adapted risk calculators and lifestyle changes to mitigate this risk. Aggressive inflammation suppression also lowers CV risk in patients with these conditions.
Researchers found that RA disease factors and CVD risk factors have a comparable impact on the risk of myocardial infarction or stroke. The study, which analyzed data from the CORRONA registry, identified specific RA factors such as nodules, HAQ-DI, and CDAI that increase the risk of cardiovascular events.
The EUROACTION study found that a nurse-coordinated multidisciplinary family-based cardiology programme improved cardiovascular disease risk factors for patients with coronary heart disease and those at high risk. The programme also showed significant increases in physical activity levels, dietary improvements, and blood pressure contr...
A large European study found that smoking, obesity, and occupational noise are risk factors for age-related hearing loss. In contrast, moderate alcohol consumption was seen to have a protective effect. The study involved 4083 participants and confirmed the importance of avoiding excessive noise exposure.