Articles tagged with Risk Factors
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study found a strong association between birth defects and increased pesticide levels in surface water across the US, particularly for women conceiving in April to July. Elevated pesticide concentrations coincided with peak birth defect rates, suggesting a potential link between pesticide exposure and birth defects.
A polypill containing a statin, aspirin, and three blood pressure-lowering drugs significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in healthy individuals. The formulation also lowered LDL cholesterol, heart rate, and urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2, but to a lesser extent than with individual components alone.
Researchers discovered a significant link between schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes in a study of 50 people newly-diagnosed with schizophrenia. The study found that 16% of participants had either diabetes or abnormal glucose metabolism rates.
A study found that children and siblings of individuals with venous thrombosis have a higher risk of developing the condition. Family history was associated with a more than two-fold increase in risk, even if no known genetic factors were present.
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that high triglyceride levels are common in the US population, affecting 33.1% of participants. Lifestyle interventions, such as physical activity and weight management, are recommended as the primary treatment for hypertriglyceridemia.
A new report from the University of Southampton finds that long-term daily drinking is the biggest risk factor for serious liver disease. The study suggests that regular drinking patterns can be discernible at an early age and recommends several alcohol-free days a week as a healthier pattern.
Researchers found that parents are likely to misperceive their child's weight, especially those who are overweight themselves. This disconnect can lead to delayed intervention and increased risk of pediatric obesity-related complications. The study highlights the importance of accurate parental perception in addressing childhood obesity.
A study published in Epilepsia finds that individuals with epilepsy are at a higher risk of depression, with racial minorities having seven times the odds of depression compared to Caucasians. The study suggests routine screening and targeted interventions for depression are needed to help serve those with epilepsy.
A new study by University of South Florida researchers finds that black young adults are hospitalized for stroke at a rate three times higher than their white and Hispanic peers. The study highlights the urgent need to reduce major stroke risk factors among African-Americans.
A German study found that people who have had a heart attack are more than three times as likely to have been in traffic within an hour of their symptoms. Driving or riding in heavy traffic poses an additional risk of eliciting a heart attack, especially for females, elderly males, and those with a history of angina.
Systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses support the use of risk assessment models combined with breast density information to identify high-risk postmenopausal women. Lifestyle factors such as exercise, weight reduction, and reduced alcohol intake also show promise in reducing breast cancer risk.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center found that diabetes and high cholesterol are associated with faster cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients. The study also suggests that controlling vascular conditions may help delay the progression of the disease.
Research identifies elderly patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors as higher risk for stroke and heart attack after IVIg treatment, while those with fewer risk factors have lower likelihood. The study provides guidance for physicians counseling patients on IVIg treatment risks.
A new study in Annals of Internal Medicine found that patients connected to a specific primary care physician are more likely to receive guideline-consistent care than those without a connection. Researchers also discovered that connectedness was associated with smaller disparities in screening rates, but not race or ethnicity.
A new study forecasts the likelihood of climate factors matching at geographically distant airline departure and destination points, enabling more efficient detection and interception of invasive species. The model uses recent forecast data for climate change and air traffic volumes, predicting a peak risk in June 2010.
A new study suggests that drinking alcohol in early adulthood may increase the risk of reflux esophagitis (RE) and Barrett's esophagus (BE), while wine consumption may reduce this risk. Higher education levels are also inversely associated with BE risk, suggesting socioeconomic status plays a role in the development of these conditions.
A new risk score has been developed to identify people at risk of atrial fibrillation in primary care, using clinical characteristics and echocardiographic measures. The tool was tested on 4,764 participants and showed good predictive value, with age being the strongest risk factor associated with atrial fibrillation.
Researchers developed a statistical model using genetic information from 569 patients, predicting an individual's lifetime risk of cardioembolic stroke with 86% accuracy. The model identifies interactions between multiple genetic factors and provides a network of predictive factors contributing to stroke.
A new study suggests that genetic risk factors for brain aneurysms do not accumulate earlier in the second generation, contrary to previous research. The study found that aneurysm ruptures occur slightly later in life in the second generation.
Studies show that stroke mortality rates and burden vary greatly by country, with low-income countries being the most affected. Despite knowing known risk factors for stroke, such as diabetes and alcohol consumption, these do not explain the greater burden in low-income countries.
A study by American Academy of Neurology reveals that young smokers are 2.7 times more likely to develop multiple sclerosis than non-smokers. Early smoking is identified as a key environmental factor that can be avoided to reduce the risk of the disease.
A University of Georgia study found that involved and supportive parenting can completely override the effects of a genetic risk factor for substance abuse. The research, published in the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, suggests that high levels of parental involvement can protect against substance use.
A study published in PLoS Medicine found that first-time mothers are at a higher risk of developing psychosis in the month following childbirth. Women with higher infant birth weight and maternal diabetes had lower risks, while smoking and living without their partner did not significantly impact psychosis risk.
A study by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center found that frequent and/or long-term marijuana use is associated with a 70% increased risk of testicular cancer. The risk was particularly elevated among men who used marijuana at least weekly and/or had long-term exposure to the substance beginning in adolescence.
A study published in PLoS Genetics found that genetic screening for diseases like cancer and heart disease may not accurately predict individual risk due to limited genetic variants associated with each condition. This limits the effectiveness of personalized genetic testing currently offered by companies.
A study found that individuals with mental illness were more likely to report violence if they also had a history of substance abuse or dependence. However, severe mental illness alone did not predict future violent behavior.
Researchers discovered that idiopathic QT interval prolongation significantly increases the risk of sudden death among coronary artery disease patients. The study found a five-fold increase in odds for abnormally prolonged QT intervals of unknown etiology, highlighting its potential as a predictor for sudden cardiac death.
The team aims to enhance access and retention in quality HIV care for women of color by developing a web-based data entry and reporting platform. Recent HIV data highlights significant disparities among black and Hispanic women, who account for 82% of AIDS diagnoses despite making up only 24% of all US women.
A new study reveals that younger individuals defined as low risk by conventional risk stratification methods may actually have a higher lifetime risk of heart disease. Those in the high-risk group had a greater subclinical disease burden and incidence of atherosclerotic progression, even at younger ages.
A new study reveals that non-food factors such as swimming and private well water exposure pose significant risks for sporadic bacterial enteric infections, comparable to food-borne risk factors. The findings highlight the importance of controlling these environmental exposures to prevent outbreaks.
A randomized clinical trial involving sedentary obese older adults found that a combination of resistance and aerobic exercises improved insulin resistance and functional limitations. The study showed greater improvements with combined exercise compared to individual types of exercise.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health identified key risk factors that delayed or prolonged the evacuation from the World Trade Center Towers on September 11. The researchers found that lack of awareness and experience, as well as personal concerns and poor footwear, contributed to time delays.
A study of 506 older adults found that those who were socially active, outgoing, and calm had a 50% lower risk of developing dementia compared to those who were isolated and prone to distress. Lifestyle factors can be modified to reduce dementia risk, offering hopeful news for those nearing retirement age.
A new study published in the Journal of Athletic Training suggests that college football players are not immune to the health risks associated with metabolic syndrome. The research found nearly half of the athletes studied had at least three risk factors, including excess abdominal fat, high blood pressure, and low HDL cholesterol levels.
Researchers found that half of individuals under 50 with low short-term risk may not remain low-risk throughout their lives. Long-term risk estimation could provide new information on risk prediction, supporting its inclusion in clinical practice.
A study found that job strain is associated with a higher risk of stroke in Japanese men, particularly those with high job demand and low control. The relationship may be mediated by chronic diseases such as obesity and high blood pressure.
A new study by researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham found that geographic and racial differences do not fully explain the South's higher stroke death rate, with a greater-than 40 percent higher mortality rate in eight southeastern states.
A study found that participants who slept an hour longer per night had a lower incidence of coronary artery calcification, a predictor of future heart disease. The association was similar to established coronary risk factors and held true even after adjusting for potential confounders.
A recent study published in JAMA found that skipping one hour of sleep per night can increase the risk of coronary artery calcification, a precursor to cardiovascular disease. The study, which followed 495 healthy volunteers, found that those who slept less than five hours per night were more likely to develop calcified arteries.
Researchers created a simple model to predict patients at high risk for chronic kidney disease, using an eight-point risk factor checklist. The model accurately stratifies middle-aged and older patients and has been validated across different cohorts.
A study by University of Washington researchers found that two-thirds of women who donated eggs reported satisfaction with the process, but 16% experienced physical symptoms and 20% had lasting psychological effects. Women's motivations for donation varied, with some citing altruism and others financial concerns.
A study published in JAMA found that a low-glycemic index diet resulted in greater improvements in glycemic control and reduced cardiovascular risk factors compared to a high-cereal fiber diet. The researchers found that participants on the low-glycemic index diet had lower hemoglobin A1c levels and improved lipid profiles.
A recent study published in the journal Risk Analysis found that eating one egg per day has a negligible impact on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in healthy adults. The study suggests that lifestyle factors such as poor diet, smoking, and physical inactivity contribute significantly to CHD risk.
Researchers at the University of Calgary found that tropical regions have higher risks of plant extinction than previously thought. The study analyzed worldwide databases and discovered that factors like latitude are more important in determining the number of threatened species than human activities.
A study found that depression increases cardiovascular events due to a lack of physical activity and other unhealthy behaviors. Patients with depressive symptoms had a 50% greater risk of cardiovascular events compared to those without symptoms.
Researchers found that genetic screening for type 2 diabetes is not significantly better than traditional risk factors such as weight, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels. The study identified 18 gene variants associated with increased risk, but the value of genetic screening improved as more risk genes were discovered.
Individuals born with very low birth weights are at higher risk of developing secondary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, a condition that causes scarring in the kidneys. This association highlights the importance of considering birth history in adult patients to prevent misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment.
Researchers found that teens engaging in risky behaviors like sex, smoking, and drinking are more likely to use crystal meth. In high-risk youth, family history of alcohol abuse, psychiatric treatment, and juvenile detention were associated with methamphetamine use.
A North Carolina State University study has identified five risk factors associated with farm vehicle crashes on public roads, including the use of non-English speaking drivers and young farm vehicle drivers. The study suggests that a comprehensive approach, including driver licensing, training, and monitoring, could reduce the risk of...
Researchers found associations between lifestyle, behavioral, and demographic variables on cancer risk among the elderly, including moderate physical activities decreasing cancer risk. Tobacco consumption was also linked to lung cancer, while comorbidities increased breast and prostate cancer risk.
Research found that minority children waiting for heart transplants had significantly higher mortality rates than their white counterparts, even after controlling for age, health status, and socioeconomic factors. The study revealed a 60% greater chance of death among black children, a 50% higher mortality rate among Hispanics, and a 1...
Researchers used ultrasound imaging to view carotid intima media thickness, revealing those in the higher end of low-risk group had intermediate risk for coronary heart disease. The study found that about 4% of individuals with estimated 0-5% risk had a heart attack, while over 13% of those with 5-10% risk suffered from coronary events.
A recent study by Temple University Sociology Professor Matt Wray found that Las Vegas faces a significantly higher suicide rate than the rest of the country. Residents and visitors to the city are more likely to die by suicide, with some even experiencing an increased risk when traveling away from home.
A new analysis by Mayo Clinic reveals that the positive US health trend of reducing heart disease risk over the past 30 years has flattened. Women are especially affected, with no significant decline in risk from 2000 to 2014.
A long-term secondary prevention program lasting up to three years has been shown to reduce the risk of a second non-fatal heart attack and other cardiovascular events. The program, which includes individualized risk factor and lifestyle management, resulted in a significant decrease in cardiovascular death and non-fatal heart attacks.
A study by the American Heart Association found that Hispanic patients were 57% less likely than Caucasian patients to undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) one year after successful angioplasty. Hispanics also had a trend toward lower rates of overall repeat revascularization procedures, including stenting and bypass surgery.
A large study of nearly 11,000 adults suggests that obstructive sleep apnea may be a risk factor for sudden cardiac death, particularly in patients with low nighttime oxygen saturation. The study found that severe cases of OSA were associated with an increased risk of SCD, independent of other established risk factors.
DeCODE's DNA-based risk tests have been shown to increase accuracy of MI risk prediction by measuring genetic markers on chromosomes 9p21 and 4q25. These tests provide a new tool for improving screening, prevention, and treatment of cardiovascular conditions.
A recent study found that rural women are at increased risk of pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension, associated with maternal poverty and social deprivation. The researchers identified novel risk factors, including living in a rural area and having some college education, which were independent of other risk factors.
deCODE's DNA-based tests measure genetic markers linked to increased cardiovascular conditions' risk. These tests provide doctors with a new tool for improving screening, prevention, and treatment.