Articles tagged with Antibiotic Resistance
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A Princeton team has discovered a compound, SCH-79797, that can target both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria without inducing resistance. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new, effective antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant superbugs like MRSA and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Researchers discovered a new resistance mechanism that inhibits protein dynamics in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, making existing treatments ineffective. The findings suggest that designing new antimicrobials targeting this mechanism could lead to effective treatments.
Despite challenging genetic tradeoffs, bacteria can still evolve antibiotic resistance when exposed to varying antibiotic concentrations. Researchers developed a model that showed bacteria may reverse course and regain susceptibility to antibiotics at lower drug concentrations.
A University of Bristol study found reductions in antibiotic dispensing in primary care from 2013 to 2016, leading to decreases in resistance to certain antibiotics. The researchers saw quick and persistent reductions in ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim, and amoxicillin resistance, but no association with nitrofurantoin resistance.
The University of Queensland's new Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) guidelines aim to personalise antibiotic treatment for critically ill patients in ICU. By using advanced software to predict accurate drug dosages, the guidelines have shown promise in reducing adverse outcomes and improving patient response.
A new study reveals that everyday hygiene practices, such as hand-washing, can reduce the risk of common infections by up to 50% and the need for antibiotics by up to 30%. This could help prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths from antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally each year.
Researchers from SMART have discovered a new defence mechanism found in some bacteria that uses phosphorothioates to protect their DNA. This discovery enables scientists to tackle existing challenges in bacterial resistance to antibiotics and has huge implications for phage therapy.
Research shows people would follow new guidelines on taking antibiotics, but those who believe they know more than scientists may resist changes. The study suggests reforms should be made sparingly to avoid undermining future compliance
Researchers found fecal microbial transplantation reduced bloodstream infections and improved patient quality of life in chronically ill patients. FMT decolonized multi-drug resistant bacteria, allowing patients to undergo stem-cell transplants and return to work.
Scientists have produced the first high-resolution images of the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus, a deadly bacterium with antibiotic-resistant form MRSA. The findings overturn previous theories about bacterial structure and provide insight into how antibiotics work.
Researchers at the University of Washington and Idaho discovered that prolonged antibiotic exposure can 'prime' single-resistant bacteria to become multidrug-resistant. This effect makes it more likely for bacteria to acquire resistance to multiple antibiotics, even in an antibiotic-free environment.
Researchers found that global warming promotes the development of pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture, leading to increased disease rates and antibiotic use. The study highlights the urgent need for alternative treatments and encourages research using One Health or EcoHealth approaches to address antimicrobial resistance.
Researchers found a cocktail of pharmaceuticals and chemicals in water samples from urban and rural areas in Bangladesh. The study highlights the potential for antimicrobial resistance to spread through human exposure to these pollutants.
New research reveals that raw-type dog foods contain high levels of multidrug-resistant bacteria, including those resistant to last-line antibiotics. The potential transfer of such bacteria between dogs and humans is an international public health risk.
A study found the dangerous mcr-1 gene in two healthy humans and a pet dog in Portugal, providing resistance to colistin, an antibiotic of last resort. The presence of this gene in humans and animals raises concerns about potential transmission and the emergence of untreatable infections.
A new study found that inhibiting the cancer drug resistance gene MDR1 can have unintended side effects on specialized immune system cells called CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This could dull anti-cancer immune responses and increase vulnerability to infection. The research raises questions about the safety and utility of using systemi...
A new study from WashU Medicine found that captive apes' gut microbiomes are more similar to those of people who eat non-Western diets than their wild counterparts. The research also identified novel antibiotic resistance genes in wild apes and humans, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect endangered species.
A new antibiotic resistance gene, gar, has been discovered in environmental samples from India and found in several clinical pathogens, including Salmonella and Pseudomonas. This rare gene provides resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics, which is concerning for treating multi-resistant bacteria.
Researchers found that incineration and landfilling of municipal solid waste releases bacteria and antibiotic-resistance genes into the air, posing a risk to human health. The study suggests that these systems could be a reservoir of resistant genes, which can spread to nearby residents through airborne transmission.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology developed antibacterial surfaces using graphite nanoplatelets, reducing bacterial infections by 99.99% and preventing antibiotic resistance. The surfaces are designed to kill bacteria without damaging healthy human cells.
A research team, including Penn State and Microbiotix, aims to develop a novel oral antibiotic targeting the trans-translation pathway of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The project has received $2.86M in funding from CARB-X to optimize and develop a new compound into an effective treatment for drug-resistant gonorrhea.
Researchers found that gallium maltolate (GaM) can treat subclinical foal pneumonia without increasing antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The study, published in Scientific Reports, suggests GaM as a viable alternative to overprescribed antibiotics.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new strategy to destroy antibiotic-resistant genes, known as superbugs, in sewage system wastewater. The nano technology traps and degrades these genetic remnants before they can infect other bacteria.
The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) and Technical University of Denmark (DTU) are strengthening external quality assurance programs in Asia to address the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance. Quality-assured data is essential for developing tailored strategies to prevent the spread of drug-resistant infections.
A new class of antimalarial compounds has been developed by Australian and US researchers, targeting a previously unexplored parasite pathway. The compounds have shown effectiveness against different species of malaria parasites, including Plasmodium falciparum, at multiple stages of the parasite lifecycle.
Researchers discovered 46 drugs that block bacterial competence, preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance in mice and human lung cells. These 'anti-evolution drugs' could be combined with antibiotics to extend their lifespan.
Researchers found that mutations in gene ydcI cause increased numbers of persisters, a type of bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Persisters have memory loss, leading to abnormal growth and making them difficult to treat.
Scientists develop a new model to predict bacterial resistance to antibiotics and explore approaches for universal flu vaccines. Researchers also create a platform to accelerate drug development and study the impact of antibiotics on gut bacteria.
University of Queensland researchers have discovered 23 metal compounds with antibacterial and antifungal activity, selectively killing bacteria like MRSA but not human cells. The findings offer promise for outwitting bacterial resistance, as the new compounds may use different mechanisms than existing antibiotics.
MIT researchers used a deep-learning model to identify a new antibiotic compound that can kill many species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including some strains resistant to all known antibiotics. The compound, called halicin, was found using an in silico screening method and showed effectiveness against various bacterial strains.
Researchers develop effective treatment for antibiotic-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. The novel therapy, AB569, kills the bacteria by targeting multiple processes, offering hope against superbug infections.
Researchers at Swansea University have published two international studies on antifungal drug resistance, which highlights the growing threat of this disease. The studies investigated different aspects of resistance and examined drug resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, a fungus that causes life-threatening infections.
A global surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance can be established through genomic analysis of sewage, providing valuable information about the types of bacteria present in specific areas. This approach has great potential as a tool for monitoring diseases and managing outbreaks globally.
Sequencing sewage could provide a powerful tool for AMR surveillance, offering a diverse and anonymous sample of the population. The authors suggest that such a system could be established globally for under $1 million USD annually, providing valuable insights into AMR spread and other public health concerns.
A recent study analyzed the antimicrobial resistance genes in the mouth and gut microbiome, finding distinct resistome profiles with varying levels of diversity. The researchers' findings suggest that expanding human resistome studies to other body areas is crucial for understanding the spread of antibiotic resistance.
A four-year study found that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are prevalent in people, wildlife, and water sources in northeastern Tanzania. The researchers suggest that environmental transmission is the primary driver of resistance, making hygiene and sanitation a critical factor in combatting the issue.
Researchers found that at least 25% of antibiotic-resistant pathogens are capable of spreading their resistance genes directly to other bacteria. The study, which used a new high-throughput method, showed that antibiotics do not significantly affect the rate of gene transfer between bacteria.
Researchers found that genetic makeup of mice can influence transfer of antibiotic-resistant plasmids, suggesting new ways to stop resistance. The study analyzed how plasmids spread in genetically different groups of mice, leading to discovery of potential host factors triggering or reducing plasmid transfer.
Researchers have developed color-changing bandages that can sense drug-resistant and drug-sensitive bacteria in wounds and treat them accordingly. The bandages change color to indicate the type of bacteria present, allowing for targeted treatment with antibiotics.
A Northwestern University study found that indoor dust bacteria can transfer antibiotic resistance genes, potentially making infections more difficult to treat. The researchers believe this could lead to the spread of resistant pathogens, highlighting the need for increased caution in managing indoor environments.
Researchers discovered how an antibiotic, vancomycin, forms a mucoadhesive complex with gut mucins, trapping it and prolonging its exposure to the infectious microbe. This finding could lead to delayed transit of the antibiotic, improving its effectiveness in treating debilitating gut infections like PE.
A new probiotic drink has shown promise in combating antibiotic resistant bacteria by targeting the genetic basis of resistance. The drink, engineered with a key genetic element, works by preventing plasmids from replicating and displacing resistance genes.
Researchers at KU Leuven developed a new antibacterial strategy that prevents bacterial cooperation, reducing the emergence of resistance. Non-resistant bacteria outnumber resistant ones, making it harder for them to spread.
A study found that antibiotics are widely available without a prescription in Chinese retail pharmacies, hindering the government's goal to make them prescription-only by 2020. The survey revealed that 83.6% of pharmacies sold antibiotics without a prescription, with no significant differences between urban and rural locations.
A team of Israeli researchers has identified a short window of opportunity for treating antibiotic-resistant infections, where aggressive bacteria can be controlled with currently-available therapies. This breakthrough offers new hope for patients fighting life-threatening infections with weakened immune systems.
New study reveals antibiotic tolerance promotes the evolution of antimicrobial resistance even under combination drug treatments. The results suggest that designing antibiotic treatments must consider drug tolerance to prevent the emergence of resistance.
Researchers have identified two distinct types of antibiotics produced by bacteria that target the same cell wall component, offering a promising approach to combatting antimicrobial resistance. The discovery provides chemical blueprints for pharmaceutical chemists to design new, effective drugs.
The UK is losing 0.82 million tonnes of wheat yield each year due to herbicide-resistant black-grass, with potential implications for national food security. Researchers estimate that the worst-case scenario could result in an annual cost of £1 billion and a wheat yield loss of 3.4 million tonnes per year.
A new CRISPR-based gene-drive system, Pro-AG, has been developed to target antibiotic-resistant bacteria with increased efficiency. The system uses a self-amplifying editing mechanism to insert tailored genetic payloads into target sites with high precision.
The NIH is providing renewed funding for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) to conduct clinical research and develop novel strategies to combat antibiotic-resistant infections. The ARLG has established collaborations in 19 countries and conducted over 40 clinical studies involving over 20,000 volunteers.
Researchers at SMART and NTU have designed a polymer that can kill bacteria resistant to commonly used antibiotics, including MRSA. The breakthrough could lead to the development of medicine to which bacteria are significantly less resistant, saving hundreds of thousands of lives.
A common first-line treatment for cryptococcal meningitis is being compromised by emerging drug resistance, according to a new University of Liverpool research. The study highlights the need for new drugs and treatment regimens to combat the lethal brain infection.
Researchers have uncovered the critical genetic components responsible for oat's natural defense against soil pathogens, including the notorious Take-all disease. The finding holds significant implications for breeding other crops with similar resistance mechanisms.
A multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineage known as the Bengal Bay clone has spread globally, causing severe disease and raising concerns about antibiotic resistance. The bacteria combines high virulence potential with multi-drug resistance, making it a significant public health issue.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a potent new antimicrobial that works against the toughest infectious disease strains, including MRSA. The compound, MAC-545496, cripples MRSA's ability to cause infection by diminishing its tolerance to the immune system and blocking its resistance to antibiotics.
Device-associated infections show higher resistance rates for antibiotic-resistant bacteria compared to surgical site infections, highlighting the need for improved infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship in hospitals.
A Michigan State University study finds that antibiotic-resistant salmonella strains are increasing, leading to longer hospital stays and worse symptoms. The study also reveals regional differences in the types of salmonella infections, with rural areas affected by enteritis infections.
A recent study found high prevalence and diversity of antibiotic-resistant genes in wildlife enteric bacteria from Catalonia. The study highlights the risk of human exposure to these resistant traits through wildlife.
Researchers at Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg have developed new active ingredients that target the pyruvate kinase enzyme in pathogenic bacteria. These substances were shown to be effective against staphylococcus and MRSA, potentially offering a solution to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance.
New research reveals that antibiotic-resistant bacteria carry dormant genes that can quickly become active, making them resistant to treatment. This study highlights the complexity of the fight against superbugs and the need for improved screening processes.