Articles tagged with Antibiotic Resistance
A new study developed an algorithm that predicts antibiotic resistance and provides personalized treatment recommendations, reducing broad-spectrum antibiotics by 67%. The tool is a step toward reducing antibiotic resistance and improving outpatient care.
The Decennial 2020 research showcases worldwide progress in preventing healthcare-associated infections and addressing antibiotic resistance. Key findings highlight the need for innovation, data-driven strategies, and global collaboration to combat antimicrobial resistance.
A study found that antibiotic use patterns and patient transfers drive the emergence of drug-resistant microbes, highlighting the need for individualized approaches to preventing resistance. The study suggests using alternative antibiotics like piperacillin-tazobactam instead of carbapenems may be necessary.
A rapid and affordable molecular assay using high-resolution melting technology accurately identifies antimicrobial resistant determinants in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, enabling real-time surveillance to control the spread of drug-resistant gonorrhea.
Researchers developed a rapid, cost-effective method to predict lowest antibiotic concentration increasing resistance in wastewater. The SELECT assay can generate data quickly and inform decisions on safe levels of antibiotics.
A study reveals that re-emergence of yaws, a neglected tropical disease, was caused by at least three distinct lineages of bacteria. The researchers recommend employing strategies to maximize population coverage and intensive post-MDA surveillance to control the spread of new infections.
Researchers discovered three primary routes of transmission for antibiotic resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae via plasmids. Long-read sequencing technology enabled complete plasmid sequence analysis, revealing the importance of including plasmids when tracking antibiotic resistance.
This study investigates the antimicrobial effect of rosemary and ginger essential oil-based nano-sized formulations on colistin-resistant K. pneumonia clinical isolates. The results show that oil-loaded chitosan nanoparticles exhibit high antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity, inhibiting the expression of the biofilm gene mrkD.
A recent perspective highlights the potential consequences of social distancing on the microbiome, suggesting it could worsen dysbiosis and reduce antibiotic resistance. The authors caution that rigorous studies are needed to support these hypotheses.
The Global Hygiene Council warns that poor home hygiene is a significant contributor to antibiotic resistance, with rates of resistance expected to exceed 40-60% in some countries by 2030. A targeted hygiene approach can help minimize the spread of infections and reduce antibiotic consumption.
Current understanding of safe antibiotic levels in rivers may not prevent evolution of antibiotic resistance and fully protect human health. The study suggests introducing thresholds to help combat the spread of resistant bacteria.
Researchers developed a curcumin-functionalized endotracheal tube that inactivates up to 95% of bacteria when illuminated. This innovation may help prevent hospital-acquired infections and reduce the need for antibiotic treatment.
Researchers found that interventions reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescribing in telemedicine practices significantly decreased inappropriate prescriptions. Education and feedback on dashboards led to the most substantial reductions, particularly for conditions where antibiotics should not be prescribed.
Researchers at University of Queensland have discovered how bacteria share antibiotic-resistance genes, shedding light on the rapid spread of 'superbugs'. The study reveals a mechanism through which plasmids are mobilized and transferred between bacteria, offering potential solutions to combat antibiotic resistance.
A University of Georgia study found a strong correlation between antibiotic resistance and heavy metal contamination in the environment. Soils contaminated with heavy metals had higher levels of specific bacterial hosts carrying antibiotic-resistant genes.
A team at SMART has found that exposing bacteria to hydrogen sulfide can increase antimicrobial sensitivity in bacteria that do not produce H2S, potentially providing a breakthrough in treating drug-resistant infections. The study suggests that the results may be applicable to all bacteria that do not naturally produce H2S.
A new DNA test can accurately identify individuals whose gonorrhea is curable with a single dose of oral ciprofloxacin, providing an alternative treatment option. The study found that all 106 subjects identified as having the wild-type gyrA serine strain were cured with the antibiotic.
Scientists at NTU Singapore developed a synthetic peptide, CSM5-K5, that makes multidrug-resistant bacteria sensitive to antibiotics when used with traditional antibiotics. The peptide also kills resistant bacteria on its own, offering hope for combination treatment strategies.
A case report from Children's National Hospital reveals isolated N. meningitidis testing positive for resistance to two antibiotics it has historically been susceptible to, raising concerns about the rise in antibiotic resistance. The finding could lead to changes in laboratory and clinical practices across the US.
Scientists at the University of Sheffield have discovered genetic mutations in MRSA that allow it to become highly resistant to antibiotics like penicillin. This finding reveals important details on how MRSA evolves resistance and provides insight into developing new treatments and drugs.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new strategy, 'wrap, trap and zap,' to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria in wastewater treatment plants. The graphene-wrapped nanospheres kill bacteria by producing reactive oxygen species, degrading antibiotic-resistant genes and minimizing their release into the environment.
Scientists have discovered a compound in the American beautyberry leaves that works in combination with oxacillin to knock down resistance to the drug methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA. The study suggests a new potential therapy for treating antibiotic-resistant infections.
A recent study by Rice University environmental engineers has found high levels of antibiotic-resistant genes in the droppings of common urban ducks, crows, and gulls. The researchers discovered that these genes encoded significant resistance to tetracycline, beta-lactam, and sulfonamide antibiotics.
A team of researchers identified that the intestinal flora (microbiota) of each host determines the maintenance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the gut. The study found that resistance has different interactions depending on the individual's microbiota, with some individuals showing a high ability to survive without antibiotics.
A new software program can identify drug-resistant genes in bacteria with up to 90% accuracy. The WSU research team developed a machine-learning algorithm that uses features of AMR proteins to identify AMR genes, providing a more efficient way to predict antimicrobial resistance.
A new technique developed by University of Exeter scientists allows users to predict which antibiotics are effective against bacteria in minutes. The method works by examining fluorescent qualities of antibiotics taken up by bacteria, revealing that the antibiotic has infiltrated the membrane and could be effective.
A new study finds that excessive human interference is causing bacteria to become
Researchers found an entry point for suppressing spontaneous antibiotic resistance development in E. coli by targeting membrane transport and chaperones. The study provides new molecular targets to improve antibiotics' effectiveness.
A new study reveals that antibiotics are being recommended far more frequently and on a greater variety of crops than previously thought. The research found that over 100 crops use antibiotics, including some critically important for human medicine, with significant regional variations.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that approximately 50% of patients at primary care clinics in LMICs received at least one antibiotic, suggesting widespread overprescribing. The study also found that 60% of antibiotics were commonly used drugs with a low potential for selecting resistance.
Researchers discovered a clonal group of S. maltophilia strains with increased biofilm formation and colistin resistance, featuring new virulence factors. The study highlights the role of quorum sensing in pathogenicity and persistence.
The study mapped bacterial resistance to last-line antibiotics in the Philippines, enabling better tracking of resistant bacteria and controlling outbreaks. The genomic capacity has enhanced national infection control efforts and improved understanding of antimicrobial resistance at local, national, and international scales.
A multicentre study involving over 500 patients found that a shorter treatment duration, reduced to half the standard 14-day course, was equally effective in treating bacteraemia. The researchers also identified certain risk factors, including older age and pathogen type, which can influence the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment.
A Princeton team has discovered a compound, SCH-79797, that can target both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria without inducing resistance. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new, effective antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant superbugs like MRSA and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Researchers discovered a new resistance mechanism that inhibits protein dynamics in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, making existing treatments ineffective. The findings suggest that designing new antimicrobials targeting this mechanism could lead to effective treatments.
Despite challenging genetic tradeoffs, bacteria can still evolve antibiotic resistance when exposed to varying antibiotic concentrations. Researchers developed a model that showed bacteria may reverse course and regain susceptibility to antibiotics at lower drug concentrations.
A University of Bristol study found reductions in antibiotic dispensing in primary care from 2013 to 2016, leading to decreases in resistance to certain antibiotics. The researchers saw quick and persistent reductions in ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim, and amoxicillin resistance, but no association with nitrofurantoin resistance.
The University of Queensland's new Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) guidelines aim to personalise antibiotic treatment for critically ill patients in ICU. By using advanced software to predict accurate drug dosages, the guidelines have shown promise in reducing adverse outcomes and improving patient response.
A new study reveals that everyday hygiene practices, such as hand-washing, can reduce the risk of common infections by up to 50% and the need for antibiotics by up to 30%. This could help prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths from antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally each year.
Research shows people would follow new guidelines on taking antibiotics, but those who believe they know more than scientists may resist changes. The study suggests reforms should be made sparingly to avoid undermining future compliance
Researchers from SMART have discovered a new defence mechanism found in some bacteria that uses phosphorothioates to protect their DNA. This discovery enables scientists to tackle existing challenges in bacterial resistance to antibiotics and has huge implications for phage therapy.
Researchers found fecal microbial transplantation reduced bloodstream infections and improved patient quality of life in chronically ill patients. FMT decolonized multi-drug resistant bacteria, allowing patients to undergo stem-cell transplants and return to work.
Scientists have produced the first high-resolution images of the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus, a deadly bacterium with antibiotic-resistant form MRSA. The findings overturn previous theories about bacterial structure and provide insight into how antibiotics work.
Researchers at the University of Washington and Idaho discovered that prolonged antibiotic exposure can 'prime' single-resistant bacteria to become multidrug-resistant. This effect makes it more likely for bacteria to acquire resistance to multiple antibiotics, even in an antibiotic-free environment.
Researchers found that global warming promotes the development of pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture, leading to increased disease rates and antibiotic use. The study highlights the urgent need for alternative treatments and encourages research using One Health or EcoHealth approaches to address antimicrobial resistance.
Researchers found a cocktail of pharmaceuticals and chemicals in water samples from urban and rural areas in Bangladesh. The study highlights the potential for antimicrobial resistance to spread through human exposure to these pollutants.
A study found the dangerous mcr-1 gene in two healthy humans and a pet dog in Portugal, providing resistance to colistin, an antibiotic of last resort. The presence of this gene in humans and animals raises concerns about potential transmission and the emergence of untreatable infections.
New research reveals that raw-type dog foods contain high levels of multidrug-resistant bacteria, including those resistant to last-line antibiotics. The potential transfer of such bacteria between dogs and humans is an international public health risk.
A new study found that inhibiting the cancer drug resistance gene MDR1 can have unintended side effects on specialized immune system cells called CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This could dull anti-cancer immune responses and increase vulnerability to infection. The research raises questions about the safety and utility of using systemi...
A new study from WashU Medicine found that captive apes' gut microbiomes are more similar to those of people who eat non-Western diets than their wild counterparts. The research also identified novel antibiotic resistance genes in wild apes and humans, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect endangered species.
A new antibiotic resistance gene, gar, has been discovered in environmental samples from India and found in several clinical pathogens, including Salmonella and Pseudomonas. This rare gene provides resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics, which is concerning for treating multi-resistant bacteria.
Researchers found that incineration and landfilling of municipal solid waste releases bacteria and antibiotic-resistance genes into the air, posing a risk to human health. The study suggests that these systems could be a reservoir of resistant genes, which can spread to nearby residents through airborne transmission.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology developed antibacterial surfaces using graphite nanoplatelets, reducing bacterial infections by 99.99% and preventing antibiotic resistance. The surfaces are designed to kill bacteria without damaging healthy human cells.
A research team, including Penn State and Microbiotix, aims to develop a novel oral antibiotic targeting the trans-translation pathway of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The project has received $2.86M in funding from CARB-X to optimize and develop a new compound into an effective treatment for drug-resistant gonorrhea.
Researchers found that gallium maltolate (GaM) can treat subclinical foal pneumonia without increasing antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The study, published in Scientific Reports, suggests GaM as a viable alternative to overprescribed antibiotics.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new strategy to destroy antibiotic-resistant genes, known as superbugs, in sewage system wastewater. The nano technology traps and degrades these genetic remnants before they can infect other bacteria.
The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) and Technical University of Denmark (DTU) are strengthening external quality assurance programs in Asia to address the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance. Quality-assured data is essential for developing tailored strategies to prevent the spread of drug-resistant infections.
A new class of antimalarial compounds has been developed by Australian and US researchers, targeting a previously unexplored parasite pathway. The compounds have shown effectiveness against different species of malaria parasites, including Plasmodium falciparum, at multiple stages of the parasite lifecycle.
Researchers discovered 46 drugs that block bacterial competence, preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance in mice and human lung cells. These 'anti-evolution drugs' could be combined with antibiotics to extend their lifespan.
Scientists develop a new model to predict bacterial resistance to antibiotics and explore approaches for universal flu vaccines. Researchers also create a platform to accelerate drug development and study the impact of antibiotics on gut bacteria.