Adenosine Triphosphate

Tiny worms, with help from Brown University researchers, may hold key to treating rare childhood disease

Mitochondria migrate toward the cell membrane in response to high glucose levels

Research shows that high glucose levels cause mitochondria to move towards the periphery of pancreatic beta cells. This movement is linked to insulin secretion and may play a role in regulating blood sugar levels. The study found that inhibiting microtubules disrupted this process, suggesting a key role for these structures in mitochon...

Probing new mechanisms of depression and anxiety

Researchers found that a protein involved in ATP release, connexin 43, plays a key role in depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors. Restoring connexin 43 in the hippocampus improved behavioral outcomes and boosted ATP levels in stressed mice.

Rice study reveals Parkinson’s protein clumps rob brain cells of vital energy

Protein clumps associated with Parkinson's disease can actively break down ATP, draining brain cells of vital energy. Researchers discovered that these clumps transform into molecular machines when they bind to ATP, highlighting a new mechanism of damage.

First oral drug shows promise for Barth syndrome heart and muscle symptoms

Researchers have discovered an oral drug called MA-5 that can improve both heart and muscle problems in patients with Barth syndrome, a rare genetic disorder. The drug boosts cellular energy production by up to 50% and protects cells from oxidative stress-induced death, addressing the underlying cause of the disease.

Scientists reveal how energy is delivered into the cells major “shipping port”

Researchers have uncovered the mechanism by which ATP enters the endoplasmic reticulum, a process crucial for cellular function. The study reveals SLC35B1 as the key transporter protein, providing a promising target for therapeutic intervention.

Revealing brain energy dynamics: decoding the response to epileptic seizures

A study published by Tohoku University reveals that epileptic seizures can significantly reduce ATP levels in neurons, while increasing pyruvate levels in astrocytes. This finding challenges the traditional view of brain energy dynamics and suggests a more complex interplay between neuronal activity and metabolic processes.

Motion capture: In world 1st, M. mobile’s motility apparatus clarified

Scientists have uncovered the molecular structure of Mycoplasma mobile's twin motors that power its gliding ability, using cryo-electron microscopy. The complex structure reveals a new mechanism by which energy from ATP hydrolysis is converted into motility.

Researchers advocate ‘rewriting’ of textbooks on electron transport chain in mitochondria

New discoveries about the mechanisms of oxidative phosphorylation reveal a novel role for sodium in mitochondrial respiration. This correction aims to update textbooks on the electron transport chain, highlighting a significant shift from previous understanding.

Evolutionary tradeoffs: Research explores the role of iron levels in COVID-19 infections

A study on Nigerian healthcare workers found that excessive iron levels increased the risk of catching COVID-19, while moderate deficiency didn't offer protection. The research highlights an evolutionary tradeoff between iron's benefits for immune function and its potential risk to pathogens.

The high cost of complexity

A new study led by Arizona State University researcher Michael Lynch explores the substantial energy demands required to maintain and evolve multicellular life. Multicellular organisms require a tenfold increase in energy compared to protists, highlighting how respiration and metabolic processes are crucial for advanced life forms.

Targeting ABC transporters in PDAC – past, present, or future?

Researchers from Leiden University discuss targeting ABC transporters in pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC), a cancer with poor survival rates. The authors highlight the potential of inhibiting ABC transporters to overcome chemoresistance and suggest developing stratification protocols to identify patients most likely to benefit.

Mitophagy and cancer: BNIP3/BNIP3L’s role in stemness, ATP production, proliferation, and cell migration

Researchers have developed a model to enrich sub-populations of cancer cells with high basal levels of mitophagy, promoting CSC features such as self-renewal, proliferation, and drug-resistance. This study highlights the importance of BNIP3/BNIP3L in maintaining cancer stem cell properties.

Chinese Medical Journal review identifies disrupted mitochondrial metabolism as a trigger for diabetic cardiomyopathy

A review of mitochondrial energy metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy reveals disrupted dynamics and oxidative stress as key triggers. Targeted therapies, such as antioxidants and ketogenic diets, show promise in combating this debilitating condition.

Why killer T cells lose energy inside of solid tumors

A study by UNC researchers found that a metabolic enzyme called Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC) causes T cells to store fat rather than burning it for energy in solid tumors. Inhibiting ACC expression allowed T cells to persist better in tumors, leading to potential breakthroughs in immunotherapies like CAR T-cell therapies.

A molecular anchor

A team of scientists identified VAP as a molecular anchor that stabilizes mitochondria near synapses in dendrites, supporting memory formation and plasticity. The discovery links VAP to ALS-linked protein and suggests that mitochondrial stabilization is critical for neuronal function and health.

Osteopontin induces mitochondrial biogenesis in deadherent cancer cells

Researchers discovered that Osteopontin induces mitochondrial biogenesis in deadherent breast tumor cells, which aids metastatic success. The study suggests a possible mechanism and targets for treating cancer metastasis by increasing ATP levels and mitochondrial mass.

Mitochondria-targeting antibiotics extend lifespan in C. elegans

Researchers found that treating C. elegans with mitochondrial inhibitors extended their lifespan, improved pharyngeal muscle contraction, reduced lipofuscin content, and decreased energy consumption. The study suggests that these drugs could abrogate aging and extend human lifespan, offering a potential therapeutic approach.

Bear genes show circadian rhythms even during hibernation

A genetic study found that grizzly bears' energy production follows a daily pattern even during hibernation, with a blunted amplitude and shifted peak. This suggests that the circadian rhythm helps bears conserve energy while still maintaining some metabolic function.

$150M grants will drive new era in Alzheimer's treatments

A new trial combining an Alzheimer's medication with two other drugs may amplify its effects and arrest disease progression. The trial, funded by a $150M grant, will recruit 900 participants with early-onset Alzheimer's.

5-aminolevulinic acid might help fight mitochondrial disorders

Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan University have discovered that 5-aminolevulinic acid can selectively boost Complex II and IV to counteract Complex I deficiency, a common cause of mitochondrial disorders. This finding offers new hope for the development of treatments for debilitating conditions such as MELAS syndrome.

Scientists develop strategy to engineer artificial allosteric sites in protein complexes

Researchers created artificial allosteric sites in protein complexes using computational design to regulate concerted functions. This breakthrough holds promise for industry, biology, medicine, and agriculture.

Uncovering the role of ATP in ovulation suggests new treatment for infertility

Researchers at Nagoya University have found that ATP, an energy 'currency' within cells, acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain and causes mammalian ovulation. Administering ATP to rats induced the LH surge leading to ovulation, suggesting a potential new treatment for infertility.

Delivery of antioxidants to liver mitochondria

A research team at Hokkaido University has developed a system to deliver antioxidants to mitochondria in the liver, reducing oxidative stress and damaging caused by ROS. The system, called CoQ10-MITO-Porter, was found to be more effective when downsized particles were used.

Scientists pinpoint where compound that helps metabolism hangs out in muscle cells

Researchers develop a technique to visualize carnitine distribution in muscle fiber cells, finding higher concentrations in slow-type fibers. The study reveals rapid transport of carnitine into muscle cells during contraction, shedding light on metabolic processes and potential therapeutic applications.

The powerhouse of the future: Artificial cells

Researchers at Sogang University and Harbin Institute of Technology developed artificial mitochondria and chloroplasts to create sustainable cells. These organelles can produce energy through sunlight or glucose breakdown.

The complete respiratory supercomplex identified

The study resolves a long-standing question about the structure of respiratory supercomplexes in unicellular eukaryotic organisms. Complex II is found to be part of the supercomplex in these organisms, optimizing ATP formation and revealing a surprising variety in supercomplex construction.

Unwinding the world’s smallest biological rotary motor by degrees

Scientists studied F1-ATPase function in bacteria to clarify the angle of rotation during ATP hydrolysis. The study revealed three sets of short and long dwells associated with different intervals per revolution, resolving a long-term debate over the ATP-cleavage shaft angle.

Nature's nutcracker can crush pesticide residue

Researchers at Aarhus University have found an enzyme, C-P lyase, in E. coli bacteria that can degrade highly stable chemicals, including pesticides like RoundUp. The enzyme uses energy from ATP to open and close a 'nutcracker' mechanism that traps and breaks down troublesome chemicals.

Researchers uncover how photosynthetic organisms regulate and synthesize ATP

A team of researchers has discovered the role of amino acid sequences in regulating ATP production in photosynthetic organisms. The study found that specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast F0F1 are involved in redox regulation, crucial for photosynthesis.

Princeton Chemistry quantifies “thrifty” low-energy budgets of primary cancer tumors

Researchers found that primary cancer tumors have a sluggish conversion of nutrients to usable cellular energy, conserving energy for growth and metastasis. The discovery has vast implications for anti-cancer strategies, directing attention to slow energy metabolism.

Molecular machines could treat fungal infections

Researchers at Rice University have developed light-activated nanoscale drills that can kill pathogenic fungi, providing a potential new treatment option for fungal infections. The molecular machines target the mitochondria of fungal cells, disrupting cellular metabolism and leading to cell death.

New insights into the formation of ATP synthase

Researchers at University Hospital Bonn discovered a new function of the folding helper Hsp70 in forming ATP synthase. Hsp70 contributes to protein assembly and controls the linkage between catalytic head and stator, providing important findings for understanding mitochondrial energy production.

Study links genetic variant to digestive disturbances in patients with Chagas disease

Researchers identified a genetic variant linked to digestive disturbances in patients with Chagas megaesophagus, a disorder characterized by esophageal dilation and loss of motility. The study suggests that increased interferon-gamma production leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to the development of the disease.

Colon cancer: Dying cancer cells give neighboring tumor cells instructions on how to survive

Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt found that dying colon cancer cells release ATP to neighboring tumor cells, activating a survival signaling pathway. Interrupting this communication can significantly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy against resistant tumors.

Ancient chemistry may explain why living things use ATP as the universal energy currency

A new study suggests that a two-carbon compound, acetyl phosphate, played a crucial role in the evolution of metabolism before the advent of cells. The researchers propose a mechanistic explanation for how AcP's unique interactions with ADP and iron ions led to the emergence of ATP as the universal energy carrier.

Two new discoveries shed light on the mystery of how cells manage stress

Researchers at UMass Amherst discovered that the ClpX enzyme can play dual roles in cell health and respond to changing levels of cellular energy. This breakthrough changes the rules on how cells work, highlighting the importance of cellular energy control.

Researchers describe an important component in the body's energy supply mechanism

A breakthrough discovery has identified a crucial molecular device called MICOS that regulates mitochondrial cristae architecture and energy production. The MICOS protein subunits Mic60 and Mic19 form filamentous bundles to control the entry gate to cristae compartments.

Therapeutic drug renders cancer cell weapon harmless

Researchers have found that an approved drug can block the CD39 enzyme, which protects cancer cells from the immune system. This could lead to new and more effective anti-cancer treatments by activating the body's own defenses against tumors.

Elucidating the molecular targets of “eicosapentaenoic acid”: A natural remedy for chronic pain

Researchers at Okayama University discovered EPA's molecular target, which blocks purinergic chemical transmission and reduces pain perception. The study suggests EPA can be used as a therapeutic strategy for managing chronic pain with fewer side effects.

New research on the emergence of the first complex cells challenges orthodoxy

A new study challenges a popular scenario explaining the origin of eukaryotes, suggesting that cells can grow to considerable volume without acquiring mitochondria. Researchers explore energy requirements and genome arrangement in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, revealing overlap between cell types rather than a hard boundary line.

US-based Neuro-Horizon Pharma licenses promising compounds from NTU Singapore to combat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Researchers at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore have developed a series of chemical-based compounds that could be potential drug candidates for treating pulmonary tuberculosis. The compounds were licensed by US-based Neuro-Horizon Pharma LLC for commercialization.

Johns Hopkins medicine study: Abnormal heart metabolism may predict future sudden cardiac death

A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers found that adults with abnormal heart metabolism are up to three times more likely to experience life-threatening arrhythmias. The study used MRI techniques to detect abnormal ATP levels and predict future sudden cardiac death.

Scientists create nanoparticle that helps fight solid tumors

Researchers developed a novel nanoparticle to deliver ARL67156, an enzyme inhibitor that prevents ATP degradation into adenosine, selectively targeting solid tumors. The treatment substantially suppressed tumor growth and resulted in prolonged survival in mouse models.

All wound up: A reversible molecular whirligig

Scientists construct figure-eight-shaped machines with rotary motors and polymer chains to enable measurement of mechanical work and forces. The machines twist and untwist like whirligig toys, exerting similar torque to the enzyme that produces ATP.

ATP from sensory neuron-interneuron crosstalk is key to spreading inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Researchers at Hokkaido University discovered that ATP secreted from sensory neuron-interneuron crosstalk triggers inflammation spread across joints, acting as a neurotransmitter and inflammation enhancer. Blocking this pathway prevents the spread of inflammation.

Getting fuel to an invading cell's front line

Researchers have identified two glucose transporters that disrupt the energy supply to invading worm cells and stop them in their tracks. By deactivating these genes, glucose and ATP levels dropped, and worm cells stalled their spread. This discovery could lead to new ways to cut off cancer cells' fuel lines and prevent metastasis.

Sensor monitors disease severity

Scientists at Hokkaido University developed a prototype sensor to rapidly measure adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and lactate levels in blood samples. The sensor's sensitivity allows for the accurate detection of these molecules, enabling rapid assessment of disease severity.

Supplement appears to boost muscle, mitochondria health

A study found that a daily supplement of urolithin A improved muscle function and reduced inflammation in older adults. The supplement, produced by gut bacteria, was shown to stimulate mitophagy, a process that recycles damaged mitochondria.

Proton translocation pathways in a molecular machine of cellular energy metabolism

Researchers at Goethe University and the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics have gained new insights into how mitochondrial complex I facilitates proton transfer through water molecules. The study's high-resolution structure data enabled computer simulations that shed light on the protein's dynamics during its catalytic cycle.

Signaling from neighboring cells provides power boost within axons

A recent NIH study identifies oligodendrocytes as a key player in maintaining energy levels within axons, which are essential for long-distance communication. The research discovered that oligodendrocytes release an enzyme called SIRT2, which increases mitochondrial activity and provides a local power boost to axons.

Study reveals how saline solution can inhibit replication of SARS-CoV-2

Researchers at the University of São Paulo found that a hypertonic saline solution can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication by up to 88% in human epithelial lung cells. The study suggests that the use of such a solution could contribute to the development of novel prophylactic interventions or treatments for COVID-19.

Scientists explore the creation of artificial organelles

Researchers successfully mimic nano spatial compartments to create artificial mitochondria, capable of supplying ATP or other useful molecules to cells in damaged or diseased tissues. The artificial organelles are generated from Exosome fusion and can function as energy reserves in the damaged tissues.

Evolutionary ‘time travel’ reveals enzyme’s origins, possible future designs

Researchers used evolutionary 'time travel' to study an ancient enzyme from archaea, finding a universal NTP binding motif that could be used for novel enzyme design. The study also revealed how the human version of the enzyme evolved over time.

Mycoplasma mobile moves into overdrive: Twin motor modified from ATP synthase discovered

Researchers have discovered a twin motor modified from ATP synthase in Mycoplasma mobile, which facilitates its gliding movement. The discovery has brought closer understanding of the evolution of cells and proteins, and may lead to development of nanoscale devices and pharmaceuticals.

Swiping, swabbing elevates processing plant food safety

Researchers developed a rapid-testing method to check cleaning protocols in commercial food processing plants. The ATP swab test detected microorganisms on surfaces, improving environmental hygiene and product quality. The study showed that targeted cleaning can reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.

Bioenergetics: New features of ATP synthase

Cryo-EM studies have identified different types of ATP synthase organization, including a symmetry-deviated dimer and hexamer assemblies. These structures shape the bioenergetic membrane and are critical for maintaining bioenergetics in Apicomplexa.

Oncotarget: Targeting breast cancer metabolism with a novel inhibitor

The study found that CADD522 targets mitochondrial metabolism, decreasing oxygen consumption rate and ATP production, and increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species. This inhibition contributes to the suppression of tumor growth in breast cancer cells.

The good cough and the bad cough

Researchers have identified separate brain pathways for good and bad coughs, potentially leading to new treatments for chronic cough disorders. The study used functional brain imaging to assess cough reflex sensitivity and identified two distinct neural circuits involved in coughing.

Cortex-wide variation of neuronal cellular energy levels depending on the sleep-wake states

Researchers found that neuronal ATP levels decrease during REM sleep despite increased cerebral blood flow, indicating negative energy balance in neurons. This discovery could lead to novel biomarkers for REM sleep and insights into the brain's energy metabolism.