Articles tagged with Cellular Proteins
Recent discoveries in circadian rhythms research have identified a set of probably a dozen or so proteins that regulate the biological clock in flies and mammals. These proteins share a common molecular motif called the PAS domain, which instructs them to attach to other proteins and help set the clock's time.
Researchers have discovered a protein, gephyrin, crucial for central nervous system synapse development and molybdenum utilization. The absence of this protein leads to symptoms similar to human diseases, including stiff baby syndrome and molybdenum cofactor deficiency.
A new study by University of Wisconsin-Madison biochemist Ron Raines found that a ribonuclease A protein in humans has the same cancer-fighting potential as a frog-derived protein. The finding opens a door to creating a new class of natural drugs aimed at fighting cancer without side effects.
Researchers at Northwestern University have identified a new regulatory molecule, HSBP-1, that regulates the production of heat shock proteins in response to stress. This finding may lead to new insights into cell death associated with aging and diseases such as heart disease and stroke.
Researchers have discovered that a molecule called Noggin plays a crucial role in forming the brains of frogs and the elbows of mice. The study reveals that Noggin helps regulate cellular growth factors to promote proper tissue development, and its absence leads to severe skeletal defects and joint abnormalities.
Researchers from Duke University and the University of Pennsylvania have gained crystal-clear insight into ribonuclease P, an enzyme that forms a crucial partnership with RNA to construct proteins. The findings suggest an ancient remnant of early life's evolution when RNA molecules were enzymatic workhorses.
Researchers at Jefferson University have identified a crucial mechanism of the tumor-suppressor protein Fhit, which plays a significant role in preventing cancer development. By understanding how Fhit works, scientists may be able to find ways to interfere with cancer growth and potentially develop new treatments.
Researchers have discovered a new class of synthetic molecules that effectively inhibit inflammation by removing L-selectin proteins from the cell surface, preventing cells from sticking together. This approach offers a novel strategy for treating pain and swelling associated with injury or illness.
Researchers have identified a protein in viper venom that blocks the spread of tumors in laboratory mice. The study may lead to the development of new cancer-fighting drugs. Scientists are now working on understanding the molecular structure of the protein, eristostatin, which could help unlock its potential as a therapeutic agent.
Scientists have determined the 3D molecular structure of HIV's nucleocapsid protein, which recognizes and binds to viral RNA. This discovery may lead to the development of highly specific anti-AIDS drugs that can prevent HIV spread and be safe for patients.
HIV scientists discovered a biochemical cascade initiated by virus envelope proteins that activate cells and increase their vulnerability to infection. The study found macrophage-tropic viruses use CD4 and CCR5 for cell entry, while T-cell tropic strains do not trigger signalling.
Researchers have discovered a new class of proteins that may provide insights into all dystonia disorders. The DYT1 gene codes for torsinA protein, which is mutated in patients with early-onset torsion dystonia, disrupting communication among neurons responsible for movement and muscle control.
Researchers found that Phyllopod and Sina proteins team up to target the Tramtrack protein for destruction, allowing cells to become neurons. This discovery sheds light on the nervous system and brain development, with potential applications in cancer research.
Researchers at MGH discovered that presenilin genes are involved in programmed cell death, a natural process where unneeded cells commit suicide. Mutations in these genes increase the propensity of nerve cells to undergo apoptosis, a process that can contribute to Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered new clues to biological clocks that pace daily activities, including the role of two proteins regulating light responses. Their findings link evolutionary spectrum from light perception to time keeping, paving way for detailing modern clock mechanisms in various organisms.
Biological clocks are reset by slow action of White Collar-1 and White Collar-2 proteins; these proteins work in the dark without light stimulation. Their discovery provides a link between light perception and circadian rhythms, opening an evolutionary window into clock mechanisms.
A new study reveals that a key signaling mechanism can turn healthy cells into tumors and lead to colon cancer. The researchers identified the role of beta-catenin in this process and found that it is involved in essentially all cases of colon cancer.
A new protein, IL 13-PE38QQR, has shown high specificity and sensitivity to kill cancer cells, including those with Kaposi's sarcoma. The compound targets receptor sites on cancer cells, gaining access through interleukin 13.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have determined the three-dimensional structure of Hck, a cancer-causing protein that plays a key role in regulating cell behavior. The study reveals that the protein's shape is controlled by the SH3 domain, which enables it to transform cells into cancerous ones.
Researchers at Scripps have discovered a previously unknown relationship between a protein in eggs and a protein on white blood cells, potentially leading to new treatments for leukemia. The protein structure reveals a molecular cavity that can be modified to alter signal transmission and eliminate leukemia cells.
Researchers from Harvard University and Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered a protein called RGS10 that turns off G proteins, which transmit chemical signals within cells. This finding may lead to new ways to regulate cell activity and treat conditions like cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders.
Scientists at the University of Chicago's Howard Hughes Medical Institute have discovered that an improperly folded protein in yeast cells can corrupt other proteins, leading to heritable changes. This finding supports the 'prion hypothesis' and provides direct evidence for protein-based inheritance.
Researchers weigh evidence for and against prion theory behind rare fatal diseases. A 24 researcher interview draws on interviews with all sides of the issue.