Articles tagged with Metabolites
A recent study found that quitting smoking has favorable metabolic effects, with reduced central fat distribution and improved hepatic glucose output. The study also showed a correlation between weight loss and increased glucose uptake and utilization of carbohydrate substrates.
Researchers discovered that 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid (HYA), a gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, has anti-inflammatory effects. HYA alleviates intestinal inflammation in mice with colitis and improves epithelial barrier function.
A new study suggests that nicotine's metabolite cotinine amplifies the effect of acetylcholine, a primary chemical messenger involved in learning and memory, potentially providing therapeutic benefits for Alzheimer's and other memory disorders. Cotinine may also have synergistic effects with existing Alzheimer's therapies.
Researchers at Yale University found a compound produced by the body during dieting or fasting can block an immune system part involved in several inflammatory disorders. The compound BHB directly inhibits NLRP3, driving inflammation in diseases like autoimmune disorders, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer
Researchers found common biomarkers of sleep debt in humans and rats, indicating a link to metabolic disorders such as weight gain, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The study also identified potential biomarkers, oxalic acid and diacylglycerol 36:3, which could serve as indicators of sleep quality and quantity.
Researchers identified two lipid metabolites, lysophosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease, while monoglyceride was linked to increased risk. The study's findings suggest that these blood lipid metabolites could serve as predictors for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have developed a new computational model that can predict and identify gut metabolites produced by microorganisms, which could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of GI diseases. The model focused on aromatic amino acids and predicted over 49 different metabolites exclusive to the microbiota.
A new study found that people are contaminated with several toxic flame retardants, including TCEP, a carcinogen linked to cancer and reproductive harm. The study identifies biomarkers for detection in urine samples, opening up research into the group of chemicals.
New research reveals that gut bacteria convert red meat's L-carnitine into trimethylamine-N-oxide, a compound promoting atherosclerosis. Gamma-butyrobetaine, another metabolite produced by gut bacteria, also contributes to cardiovascular risk.
A study examining prenatal phthalate exposure found a significant association between DiNP metabolites and shorter anogenital distance in Swedish boys at age 21 months. This link raises concern about the safety of recent phthalate substitutions, particularly for male reproductive health.
Researchers identified 149 metabolites with altered concentrations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer compared to those at risk but without the disease. The study suggests a potential diagnostic biomarker for early lung cancer detection.
Scientists have developed a breath analyzer for dolphins, allowing for non-invasive diagnosis of health issues. The instrument captures metabolites in dolphin breath to identify changes associated with disease or environmental factors.
A study in JAMA Network found a strong association between tobacco use and the prevalence of oral human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) infection. Tobacco users were more likely to be male, younger, and have higher lifetime oral sexual partners, and had greater levels of biomarkers for tobacco exposure.
A study published by The Endocrine Society found that diverse gut bacteria are associated with a favorable ratio of estrogen metabolites, which may reduce the risk of breast cancer. Researchers analyzed fecal and urine samples from 60 postmenopausal women and discovered a relationship between bacterial diversity and estrogen levels.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that certain bacteria produce metabolites that strengthen the intestinal epithelium's barrier function. These metabolites activate a protein called PXR, which suppresses inflammatory responses and increases junction strength between epithelial cells.
Researchers discovered that a particular EPA metabolite, 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE), plays a crucial role in protecting against cardiovascular diseases. This metabolite was produced by immune cells and confirmed its heart-protective effects.
Children with autism spectrum disorders have altered gut bacteria and distinct metabolite profiles, potentially affecting brain function and neurotransmitter balance. The study found lower levels of homovanillate and N,N-dimethylglycine, as well as a higher glutamine/glutamate ratio, in children with ASD.
Researchers have created an atlas of genetic associations with human metabolism, identifying 90 new genetic variants linked to metabolites. The study provides a powerful tool for understanding the molecular pathways underlying complex diseases and improving drug discovery for metabolic disorders.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have found that certain desaturating fatty acid enzymes can link up to efficiently pass intermediate products from one enzyme to another. This process, known as metabolic channeling, enables the efficient production of useful plant products, such as healthful polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Flea beetles sequester glucosinolates without triggering the plant's defense mechanism. They utilize the compounds for their own communication and defense against predators.
Researchers developed a computational pipeline system to analyze plant genomes, revealing unusual properties in genes producing specialized metabolites. These findings offer an innovative strategy for discovering novel compounds with wide-ranging implications for agriculture, biotechnology, drug discovery, and synthetic biology.
A University of Alabama researcher advocates for a greater emphasis on the body's metabolites in understanding illnesses, highlighting their potential to predict heart disease and response to environmental change. The study used fruit flies as animal models and identified nine new metabolites that are good predictors of these traits.
Researchers found that blocking the effects of CMPF may help prevent and treat diabetes. A fat metabolite called CMPF was dramatically increased in both gestational and type 2 diabetic individuals, impairing insulin secretion from beta cells.
Researchers have developed a new testing method that can detect performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) 1,000 times more sensitively than current methods. The approach, called paired ion electrospray ionization (PIESI), uses mass spectrometry to gather and detect small drug bits in body fluids.
The Yangambi km5 banana variety produces toxic metabolites that kill the nematode Radopholus similis, a major roundworm pest. This discovery could lead to the development of edible and pest-resistant banana varieties, as well as new pesticides against nematodes.
A recent study by Joslin Diabetes Center researchers has identified key metabolic factors that may contribute to diabetic kidney failure. The study found increased levels of uremic solutes and myo-inositol in patients who developed end-stage renal disease, suggesting a potential link between tubular injury and kidney failure.
Researchers at Joint BioEnergy Institute create dynamic pathway regulation using stress-response promoters to improve chemical product production. This approach enables regulation of artificial metabolic pathways in response to toxic intermediate metabolites.
Researchers identified 13 metabolites that are significantly different in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease compared to healthy controls. Twelve of the metabolites are linked to mitochondrial function, suggesting suppressed mitochondria as a fundamental characteristic of diabetic kidney disease.
A new study by Robert Gerszten and colleagues has identified 2-aminoadipic acid as a biomarker for Type 2 diabetes risk. Individuals with elevated levels of this metabolite were found to be at higher risk of developing T2D, with detectable levels present up to 12 years before disease onset.
Scientists have identified several natural ingredients with potential health benefits, including curcumin, which inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. Other compounds found in ginger, cranberries, and olive oil also show promise in reducing the risk of heart disease and cancer.
Researchers developed a method to extract and analyze lipid-soluble metabolites from human mesenchymal stem cells using MRI spectroscopy. The technique provides valuable insights into the metabolic characteristics of MSCs, which is essential for optimizing detection efficiency while minimizing cell usage.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have discovered a new chemical reaction that can create phenolic compounds from aromatic hydrocarbons quickly and cheaply. This process resolves a long-standing challenge in organic chemistry, enabling the mass production of essential compounds such as pharmaceuticals and agricultural ch...
A new study found that phthalate exposure is associated with reduced fertility in women undergoing IVF treatment. Exposure to specific phthalates was linked to lower IVF success rates, including implantation failure and reduced oocyte retrieval rates.
A study by King's College London reveals that key metabolites in blood can indicate a person's long-term health and aging rate. The research identified a specific metabolite linked to birthweight and associated with age-related traits, suggesting it may be used to predict aging and develop therapies.
A new study has identified four metabolites that can be used to accurately predict mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The researchers analyzed plasma samples from 90 ICU patients and found that levels of lactate, mannose, gamma-glutamyltyrosine, and stearidonate were associated with high mortality rates.
Scientists review 'metabolite damage-control' to understand how cells repair damaged metabolites and prevent fatal diseases. The field is in its infancy, with many unidentified reactions waiting discovery.
A study found that disordered mineral metabolism worsens with progressive chronic kidney disease and is linked to a higher risk of kidney failure among African Americans. Measuring mineral metabolites may be a useful way to determine CKD patient prognosis, while targeting these metabolites could help slow disease progression.
Researchers have identified 48 metabolites linked to cellular ageing and disease risk in mice. The study reveals a strong connection between metabolism and biological age, offering new insights into preventive molecular medicine.
Researchers characterized a drug about to enter clinical development by using mouse models with humanized livers, accurately predicting significant aspects of its behavior in humans. The findings hold huge implications for drug development, hinting that the drug could be both safe and effective in treating hepatitis C
Researchers identified 14 novel biomarkers for type 2 diabetes that can serve as the basis for developing new treatment and prevention methods. These biomarkers provide insight into the complex mechanisms of this disease, which are still not fully understood.
Bioengineers from UC San Diego are playing a key role in the NIH's new metabolomics program, which aims to accelerate diagnosis and disease treatment. The project will analyze millions of microorganisms living within the human body, providing insights into their role in health and disease.
A massive online metabolite database, METLIN, has been developed to provide comprehensive biochemical information about cellular metabolism. The database includes over 60,000 compounds with detailed tandem mass spectrometry information on more than 10,000 metabolites.
Researchers have developed a new mass spectrometry technique that allows for the mapping of metabolites in plant material at the single cell level. This breakthrough provides unprecedented insights into plant biological processes and has significant potential for advancing biofuels research and crop genetics.
Researchers have developed a technique to measure the flux of metabolites in cancer cells, revealing a link between glycine consumption and fast cell division. The study's findings suggest that glycine metabolism plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation, with implications for understanding cancer biology.
A new blood test has been developed to detect breast cancer recurrence up to 11-12 months before current tests, using a combination of biomarkers and mass spectrometry. The test shows promise for improving therapy outcomes by enabling earlier detection and treatment.
Researchers at UCI Center for Epigenetics & Metabolism discovered that circadian rhythms significantly impact liver metabolite production, with approximately 60% dependent on the body clock. This finding has implications for understanding obesity, high cholesterol, and metabolic diseases.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have developed a new tool to image small-molecule metabolites in living cells, offering clues about how to treat disorders. The technology uses modified RNA called 'Spinach' to sense levels of target metabolites in real-time.
Researchers identified 31 genetic regions associated with circulating metabolites, including biomarkers for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The study provides new insights into the biological processes leading to common diseases, suggesting that detailed data on multiple metabolites can help elucidate these processes.
Scientists from Scripps Research Institute have discovered dimethylsphingosine (DMS), a molecule produced at abnormally high levels in the spinal cords of rats with neuropathic pain, which appears to cause pain when injected. Inhibiting DMS production may be a fruitful target for drug development.
A massive research project, LIPID MAPS, has identified the complete complement of lipids within cells and gained insight into their role in cellular functions. The new knowledge may have significant implications for understanding diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.
Researchers developed a novel technique to analyze metabolite concentrations at high spatial resolution in plant cells. The study found that metabolites are regulated and fluctuate under stress conditions, highlighting the role of the vacuole in cellular processes.
A new study discovered that specific intestinal microflora metabolize phosphatidyl choline, a common dietary lipid found in animal products, into compounds associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. The study found that higher levels of these compounds are linked to an increased risk of heart attack, stroke, and death.
Researchers analyzed metabolites in blood and urine of smokers and non-smokers to understand how tobacco smoke affects human biology. The study found that nicotine-related metabolites varied among smokers, with overall metabolomic profiles differing between male and female individuals.
Researchers found that levels of five amino acids, including isoleucine and leucine, can signal future disease risk and indicate candidates for preventive measures. The study used metabolite measurements to identify individuals at elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Sanfilippo disease is a rare metabolic disorder caused by the accumulation of complex carbohydrates in cells, leading to severe physical and neurological problems. Researchers at UC San Diego have identified a novel secondary metabolite, dermatan sulfate, as a potential biomarker for the disease.
Scientists from Scripps Research Institute have discovered a new type of RNA molecule, called riboswitches, that can turn genes on or off in response to cellular energy needs. These findings may have implications for designing new antibiotics against harmful bacteria.
A chemist at UC Riverside is using advanced spectroscopy methods to verify the presence of pomegranate compounds in juices sold as pomegranate juice. By analyzing unique biochemicals, she aims to detect adulterated products and potentially apply this technology to other food and beverage items.
The new test uses mass spectrometry to analyze metabolites in a single drop of blood serum, accurately identifying women with ovarian cancer in all tested patients. Further testing will be conducted on 500 patients to confirm the results and explore its potential for detecting other types of cancers.
Researchers developed a detailed metabolic profile of exercise effects, revealing changes in over 20 metabolites reflecting sugar, fat, and amino acid processing as fuels. These findings have implications for optimal training programs, nutritional supplements, and potential treatments for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
The study found that embryonic stem cell metabolites have highly unsaturated structures compared to mature cells, and levels decrease as they mature. The researchers also discovered a pattern in the chemistry that mirrors the cells' increasing biological maturity.