Articles tagged with Transcription Factors
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Forced splicing of p21Cip1 gene leads to its down-regulation and induction of programmed cell death in cancer cells. This finding suggests new approaches to enhance chemotherapeutic drug efficacy by inhibiting splicing.
Researchers compiled a systematic catalog of transcription factors that control blood cell development, revealing densely interconnected circuits. The study found about 80 patterns of variable genes, or modules, which are reused in several parallel developmental branches.
A new study in mice suggests that exercise turns on a genetic program that leads the heart to grow as heart muscle cells divide. Researchers identified a key transcription factor involved in this process, which may have clinical implications for those with heart failure or other conditions.
A new study found that mice sired by fathers on a low-protein diet exhibit changes in metabolic genes, passed down via the sperm, and associated with improved cholesterol metabolism. This suggests transgenerational reprogramming of metabolism, challenging traditional views on the impact of parental nutrition.
A multinational team identified a novel retinal disease gene, FAM161A, linked to RP28-associated recessive retinitis pigmentosa through ChIP-Seq analysis with Genomatix Genome Analyzer. The study provides new insights into visual perception and opens potential therapy avenues.
Researchers found that long noncoding RNA MALAT1 plays a key role in regulating pre-mRNA splicing, a critical step in protein production. This study suggests that MALAT1's regulation of splicing factors may contribute to cancer development.
A study found that deleting a viral element from human genes can increase production of fetal hemoglobin in red blood cells, which could help alleviate symptoms of sickle cell disease. The researchers believe this natural mechanism may be the key to developing targeted therapies for patients.
Researchers at IGBMC have developed an 'image-by-image' analysis technique to study the 3D structure of transcription complexes, revealing new insights into the initiation and regulation mechanisms. The study, published in Nature, provides a detailed understanding of the molecular interactions involved in transcription.
Researchers successfully convert glial cells into two main classes of cortical neurons, paving the way for a potential therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery uses selective transduction of specific proteins to regulate DNA transcription and yields functioning synapses.
A research team led by Professor Magdalena Götz has successfully converted glial cells of the brain into two different functional classes of neurons. The findings could lead to new neuron generation and therapy development for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Researchers discovered a new factor, DksA, that prevents conflict between DNA replication and transcription in E. coli. When present, DksA tags along with RNA polymerase and removes it from the track when DNA polymerase approaches, allowing for stable replication.
A new study in embryonic stem cells uncovered a transcription control mechanism that regulates expression of 80% of mammalian genes. The cancer-causing gene c-Myc plays a significant role in releasing transcriptional pausing, leading to hyper-proliferation characteristic of cancer cells.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have developed a powerful new method to investigate the discrete steps necessary to turn on individual genes. The finding allows scientists to examine the unfolding of DNA, a process required for gene activation, which breaks down in diseases like cancer.
The study provides a comprehensive atlas of transcription factor combinations, indicating which factors can combine to determine cell fate. The researchers identified nearly 1,000 different pairs of TF proteins that can be wired together, representing the blueprint of all possible combinations that direct gene expression in mammals.
Researchers found that broad differences in gene activity between humans and chimps are coordinated by about 90 transcription factors, which affect nearly 1,000 genes. This suggests a unique regulatory mechanism in the human brain that allows for larger brains and different organ functions.
Researchers have devised a new way to disarm the key protein NOTCH, which drives tumor growth. The discovery lays the foundation for a new therapy aimed at critically important transcription factors that could treat various diseases, including multiple types of cancer.
The Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease has been awarded a $10 million grant to investigate the genetic causes of congenital heart disease. The team will use genome-mapping techniques to understand how regulatory networks control heart development and aim to identify genes that turn on or off during heart formation.
Researchers identified a gene that allows immune cells to start self-destructive processes underlying autoimmune diseases. The study found that the presence of the Batf gene enables T cells to produce inflammatory Th17 cells, which can lead to autoimmune conditions.
B cells in every cell carry genes necessary to function, but only a small proportion matures into immune-system cells. Two chromatin remodeling complexes work in opposing directions to control epigenetic changes allowing for B-cell development.
Researchers have identified three genetic factors that can turn non-muscle cells into beating heart cells, providing a significant breakthrough in understanding how to repair damaged hearts. The discovery could lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches using stem cells.
Researchers used computational approaches to analyze a human myeloid leukemia cell line's transcription factor network. They identified specific subnetworks of proteins that play a role in cell differentiation, and found the network to be redundant and resilient.
Researchers at the University of Illinois identified a novel pathway controlling NF-kappa B activity, a key protein involved in inflammation. This finding could have important implications for treating diseases linked to chronic inflammation.
A breakthrough discovery by Washington University researchers has identified a technology that reduces infection by the Rice Tungro Disease virus, causing significant economic losses in agriculture. The technology involves transgenic rice plants that overexpress specific proteins, providing improved resistance to the virus.
Researchers found that Snail1 promotes tissue invasion and angiogenesis in cancer cells by stimulating fibroblast function. Fibroblasts without Snail1 are less able to degrade the extracellular matrix and form invadopodia, key structures for cell invasion.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that the COUP-TFII protein helps control fat cells and energy metabolism. Breeding mice with only one copy of the gene led to smaller fat cells and increased sensitivity to insulin, making it a potential target for diabetes treatment.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have identified a protein called Asr1 that 'glues' ubiquitin to specific spots in the DNA-copying enzyme, causing it to be jettisoned and inactivating gene transcription. This discovery sheds light on how ubiquitin regulates gene activity.
A recent study published in Biology of Reproduction found that SOHLH2 plays a critical role in the formation and survival of oocytes and primordial follicles in mouse ovaries. The study, led by Youngsok Choi et al., discovered that SOHLH2 is essential for both oogenic and folliculogenic processes.
Researchers have uncovered an extensive network of regulatory interactions influencing protein production and placement in cells. A pervasive system of biological regulation, similar to transcription factors, guides the fates of most protein-coding RNA molecules by recognizing specific sequences.
Scientists have identified distinct gene combinations that define different stem cell types, revealing a single key factor controlling their behavior. This breakthrough has significant implications for manipulating and engineering stem cells to treat human degenerative disorders.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have identified the role of transcription factors in controlling cell death in the heart, paving the way for gene regulatory therapy. They have successfully developed non-viral delivery mechanisms to transfer DNA and repress activation of specific transcription factors.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered a genetic 'tag team' that regulates the cell cycle, finding that nearly 70% of periodic genes continue to turn on and off without cyclins. The study suggests a new understanding of gene regulation in mammalian cells.
Researchers have identified KLF4 as a key player in the early stages of fat formation, connecting the dots between molecular processes that lead to adipogenesis. By understanding how KLF4 influences C/EBPß activity and drives fat production, scientists may be able to intervene and alter fat development.
Researchers at NIA used Genomatix to identify two novel transcription factors, B-Myb and Maz, involved in maintaining undifferentiated stem cells or early differentiation. The study linked pluripotent stem cell-associated transcripts to regulatory gene networks.
Researchers at Cornell University found that enzyme RNA polymerase II assembles at the site of an activated gene, regardless of its position. This challenges the traditional view of 'transcription factories' and provides new insights into the gene transcription mechanism.
Researchers have successfully synthesized a DNA-based memory loop in yeast cells, demonstrating the ability to create a mathematical model that predicts how such a device might work. The memory loop continued throughout many cell divisions, showcasing the potential for biological black boxes with specific functions.
Researchers found that tDNA genes and components of RNA pol III are required for establishing silent chromatin cohesion at the HMR locus. This discovery provides new insights into chromosome architecture and may have implications for understanding genetic regulation.
The Conaway Lab has discovered a critical role for the chromatin remodeling complex INO80 in activating transcription mediated by the transcription factor YY1. This finding provides new insights into how YY1 regulates gene expression, which is crucial for cell cycle control and may have implications for cancer therapy.
Scientists identify MTERF3 as a mitochondrial factor that inhibits mtDNA expression and slows down cellular energy production. This discovery may lead to new ways of treating diseases related to impaired mitochondrial function.
A recent study found significantly higher transcription error rates in women compared to men, with error rates ranging from 0.015 to 0.206 in females and 0.025 to 0.139 in males. The results suggest that women may need to spend more time training on commercial speech recognition systems to achieve accurate results.
Researchers have discovered that a transcription factor KLF15 controls glucose production in the liver. Mice deficient for KLF15 experience severe hypoglycemia due to an inability to produce glucose through gluconeogenesis, a process dependent on amino acids and enzymes.
MIT scientists engineered a new strain of yeast that can tolerate elevated levels of ethanol and glucose, producing ethanol faster than un-engineered yeast. This breakthrough could dramatically impact industrial ethanol production, boosting the US energy supply.
Researchers detail transcription network driving muscle development in C. elegans and propose evolutionary conserved program across animals. Three transcription factors redundantly control body wall muscle development in worms, with corresponding vertebrate factors playing key roles in myogenesis.
A new study has identified a key protein, LMP4, that regulates Tbx transcription factors in embryonic limb and heart development. This discovery sheds light on the molecular mechanisms controlling these critical processes.
Scientists have identified a regulator of genes that controls artery smooth muscle cell growth, which may hold the key to preventing vessels from re-closing after angioplasty. By studying genetically susceptible pigeons, researchers found a potential target for treating restenosis.
Researchers discover a genetic code that determines where nucleosomes are positioned along DNA, affecting access to genes and cellular processes. This finding has implications for understanding diseases such as cancer.
Researchers discovered a web of inter-related responses that cells use to avoid becoming diseased or cancerous after being exposed to environmental toxins. The findings could eventually be used to develop drugs to boost DNA repair in response to environmental toxins and possibly treat inherited degenerative diseases.
Researchers discovered that trichothiodystrophy group A (TTDA) is essential for DNA repair by stabilizing TFIIH complex assembly. TTDA's dynamic interaction with TFIIH is crucial for NER, preventing degradation and allowing it to function properly.
Tadatsugu Taniguchi is honored with the international award for his major scientific discovery in basic cancer research, elucidating cytokine gene families and transcription factors. He made significant contributions to our understanding of immune defense mechanisms and cancer therapy.
Researchers identified a transcription factor gene called spineless as the key regulator for establishing the retinal mosaic in fruit flies. In this study, the researchers found that receptor cells made their 'decision' autonomously without the influence of nearby cells.
A team of scientists has identified 21 key genes that are targets of the Eyeless protein, which plays a crucial role in eye development. This breakthrough could lead to new insights into how eyes develop in fruit flies and humans, potentially shedding light on diseases related to vision.
Researchers at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have identified a key family of transcription factors, the Snail proteins, that play a crucial role in controlling vertebral formation. This discovery provides new insights into the process of embryonic segmentation and may hold potential for understanding cancer progression.
A new approach to understanding gene expression regulation has been developed by Finnish scientists. By analyzing DNA sequences and identifying regulatory elements, the researchers have uncovered a potential mechanism explaining why many genes are linked to cancer.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered that histone deacetylase enzymes cooperate with CBP/p300 histone acetylases to trigger expression of genes responding to hypoxia. The study suggests that developing new therapies targeting both mechanisms may enhance treatment efficacy for solid tumors.
The researchers created an artificial mammalian replication origin that can specify a DNA replication origin and enable scientists to explore the mechanism of replication initiation. This discovery will provide a new direction for creating vectors for gene therapy that are less mutagenic than current integrating vectors.
A new transcription factor system in bacteria has been identified, which represses expression of genes involved in DNA replication. The system was discovered using comparative genomics and phylogenetic footprinting, revealing a highly conserved signal sequence and the regulatory transcription factor that binds it.
Researchers discovered that overexpressing insulin transcription factors MafA, PDX-1, and NeuroD in the liver of diabetic mice increased insulin gene expression and improved glucose tolerance. This breakthrough suggests a crucial role for MafA as a novel therapeutic target for diabetes.
Scientists at the Vollum Institute have developed a technique to understand gene regulation, uncovering 6,300 regulatory regions that map to distinct sites on the genome. This breakthrough may help unravel the genomic instruction set governing gene expression in different cell types.
Scientists have created a comprehensive map of brain genes that regulate brain development, linking specific genes to specific brain locations. The Mahoney Transcription Factor Atlas will aid researchers in studying brain tumors and other disorders.
Steve McKnight's research on gene regulation and the body's internal clock has led to discoveries that may help understand and treat insomnia and depression. The NIH Pioneer Award recognizes his innovative work in taking creative risks and achieving groundbreaking accomplishments.
Researchers create synthetic transcription factors, mimicking natural regulators to probe gene regulation and explore new treatment approaches. The artificial activation domains developed in Mapp's lab were as effective as a natural activation domain at turning on genes.