Articles tagged with Transcription Factors
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers identify DLX5 gene as key player in preeclampsia, a complex disease affecting 4% of pregnancies. An in vitro model demonstrates the disorder's dysregulation and opens door to new treatments.
Researchers at the University of York discovered that transcription factors operate as spherical clusters of molecules, not single entities. This discovery may provide insights into human health problems associated with genetic disorders and cancer, offering new avenues for understanding gene expression.
Researchers found that obese people have fewer enteroendocrine cells in the gut, reducing satiety hormones and altering appetite. Surgical weight-loss procedures can repair this disorder by restoring cell numbers and normalizing hormone release.
Scientists at the University of Würzburg discovered differences in gene expression between embryonic endothelial cells of the central nervous system and other organs, shedding light on the blood-brain barrier's development and maturation. The study also identified transcription factors involved in this process.
A new study found that a specific transcription factor can help certain neurons regenerate, but simultaneously kill others, in the optic nerve. This discovery may lead to new treatment strategies for restoring vision or repairing injury by regenerating functional connections and considering combination therapies.
Researchers developed an algorithm to correct images and make hitherto hidden development steps visible, allowing for more accurate detection of regulatory proteins active during stem cell development. The 'BaSiC' software can correct changes in the background of time-lapse videos, making it a valuable tool for stem cell researchers.
Researchers found that metastatic breast cancer cells signal neighboring cells through the GLI transcription factor, allowing otherwise anchored cells to metastasize. The discovery highlights a promising link in the hedgehog signaling pathway, which can be targeted to reduce metastatic potential.
New simulations reveal DNA's constant motion enables rapid transcription factor diffusion, contradicting the long-held assumption of rigid DNA. The findings have significant implications for understanding cell processes and potentially boost speed and accuracy in biological and medical research.
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology researchers identified JunB as a key target to selectively disable toxic T Helper 17 cells, reducing the risk of auto-immune diseases. By inhibiting JunB, these cells can still accumulate in the gut and respond to infections without turning rogue.
A collaborative research group found that histone code changes and a transcription factor group essential for blood vessel differentiation play key roles in vessel formation. They also discovered that the regulatory genomic region of the transcription factors has gradually switched from suppressing to activating transcription.
A study by Prof. Dr. Thomas Laux and colleagues reveals that plants employ an intracellular signal pathway activated by sperm to activate gene transcription in zygotes. This collaboration between paternal and maternal factors enables the regulation of embryogenesis in plants, challenging the traditional parental conflict theory.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet reveals that certain 'master' regulatory proteins can activate normally inactive genome regions due to epigenetic changes, leading to embryonic development and cancer. The findings contribute to a better understanding of gene regulation and its role in diseases.
Research suggests that excessive Hsf1 activation can lead to delayed neural migration in embryos, potentially increasing the risk of congenital brain disorders. This study's findings raise concerns about the safety of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
A team of scientists has identified a transcription factor called MYB1 that regulates the lifespan of arbuscules in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The discovery provides new insights into the molecular basis of balance in AM symbiosis and could lead to more effective symbiosis, potentially improving crop yields.
KinderMiner, a Morgridge Institute for Research team's algorithm, scans Europe PubMed Central and provides ranked associations for select target terms and key phrases. The tool identifies relevant transcription factors in top 20 hits, significantly speeding up scientific process.
Researchers have mapped how proteins bind along DNA to control gene activity in the bladder lining, revealing a complex interaction between transcription factors. This understanding could lead to new treatments for chronic bladder diseases such as interstitial cystitis and cancer.
A new method of repairing injured bone using stem cells from human bone marrow and a carbon material with photocatalytic properties has been developed. The research team found that the material accelerates bone regeneration by activating key transcription factors, leading to increased osteoblast differentiation.
A new method of repairing injured bones using stem cells and a carbon material with photocatalytic properties has been developed, showing promising results in accelerating bone regeneration. The technique uses red-light absorbing carbon nitride sheets to activate key transcription factors associated with osteoblast differentiation.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a novel approach to reprogram cells from one type to another using artificial transcription factors. This method enables efficient and unbiased conversion of cells, paving the way for faster research and potential therapeutic applications.
A new study from Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute reveals that a key group of transcription factors are 'druggable,' including those involved in cancer, metabolism, and immunity. The research identifies seven bHLH-PAS proteins with pockets where drugs could fit and remain tightly bound.
Researchers identified genetic changes in DUX4 and ERG transcription factors that underpin a subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in children. The study found a unique mechanism involving the interplay between these two transcription factors, leading to deregulated expression of ERG and development of leukemia.
A group of biologists from the University of Geneva developed a novel technology to identify all transcription factors involved in any process and in response to any signal. The BC-STAR-PROM screening method enables researchers to monitor the activity of thousands of promoters simultaneously, saving time and work.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute discovered that DNA segment to which a transcription factor binds can assume various spatial arrangements, altering the transcription factor's shape and controlling its activity. Neighboring DNA segments also play a significant role in modulating gene activity.
A new study from the University of Oxford suggests that preserving immune function in older people is possible through the identification of critical factors like transcription factor Foxn1. By understanding how Foxn1 regulates T cell development, researchers have identified potential strategies for maintaining thymus function with age.
Duke researchers have successfully converted mouse fibroblasts into neuronal cells using a modified CRISPR technique. This breakthrough could lead to improved models for neurological disorders and personalized medicine. The study's findings suggest that the newly generated neurons retain their properties even after the CRISPR activator...
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute made a major advance in understanding how stem cells become specialized. The study shows that the stem cell-specific protein OCT4 primes certain genes that cause differentiation, customizing stem cells' responses to signals.
The study found that KLF12 promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) cell growth by activating early growth response protein 1 (EGR1), leading to enhanced cancer cell proliferation and survival. KLF12 and EGR1 levels synergistically correlate with poor CRC prognoses, suggesting their potential as novel therapeutic targets.
Researchers at Caltech investigate the genetic switch that directs cells to become T cells, discovering a multi-tiered process involving four proteins that work together in three distinct steps. This finding has potential applications in boosting T-cell populations and fighting diseases such as AIDS.
Scientists at Salk Institute create system to rapidly map regions of DNA targeted by regulatory proteins, revealing how plants control gene expression and uncovering potential role of epigenomic marks in regulation. The technique, DAP-seq, identifies thousands of binding sites across the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana.
The study provides unprecedented molecular views of the critical early events in gene expression, positioning RNA polymerase to start transcription. The researchers captured human PICs in three functional states, revealing new structural elements and insights into DNA engagement, promoter melting, and transcription bubble stabilization.
Researchers from Penn School of Medicine shed light on how DNA sequences called enhancers govern gene activity, influencing which genes are 'on' or 'off' in each type of cell. They found that pioneer factors help expose DNA to regulatory proteins, allowing enhancers to activate genes and promote normal cell functions.
Researchers have identified two new compounds that show promise in treating Ewing sarcoma, a rare and aggressive form of childhood cancer. The compounds target the transcription factor EWS-FLI1, which plays a key role in gene regulation, leading to uncontrolled cellular proliferation and tumors.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes found that three transcription factors -- NKX2-5, TBX5, and GATA4 -- must interact for proper heart development. Without these interactions, severe congenital heart defects occur. The study revealed the proteins' genomic and physical interactions, providing new insights into treating heart disease.
Two studies suggest that aging of hair follicle stem cells may contribute to hair thinning. The research found that accumulating DNA damage and changes in key genes affect HFSCs, leading to miniaturized and reduced hair follicles.
Researchers discover ApoE4's transcriptional effects, targeting genes associated with sirtuins, aging, insulin resistance, inflammation, and amyloid plaques. This finding offers a unified theory of Alzheimer's disease and potential new screening methods for prevention.
Researchers at the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine found that FOXO1 is essential for both germinal center dark zone formation and efficient B cell response to pathogens. The study sheds light on the transcription factor's role in normal immune function, but further research is needed to understand its link to lymphomagenesis.
A recent study from Karolinska Institutet shows that the human genome's 'grammar' is more complex than even intricate spoken languages. The findings contribute to understanding how genetic differences affect disease risk and pave the way for cracking the genetic code controlling gene expression.
A team of researchers has decoded a signaling pathway involved in the onset of seizure disorders, discovering that a central switch called MTF1 plays a key role. By inhibiting this switch, they were able to reduce seizures in epileptic mice, offering new potential for diagnosis and treatment.
A new study finds that cells activate and deactivate proteins in a series of unpredictable pulses, allowing them to control gene expression. The timing of these pulses may play an important role in cellular processes such as information processing and stress response.
A new study identified RFX transcription factors as key regulators of genes that help auditory hair cells grow. Researchers used mice with fluorescent markers to analyze gene expression and found that these proteins play a critical role in the development and survival of hair cells.
Researchers found that chromatin marks are irrelevant for regulating genes expressed in specific tissues during development. The study challenges current beliefs about epigenetics and offers new insights into gene expression.
A new modeling algorithm helps plant biologists target individual genes controlling stress responses in plants. The tool narrows the field from thousands of genes to fewer than 10, making it easier to understand how to develop drought-resistant crops.
A family of transcription factors regulates the formation of caveolae, a crucial component in cell function and disease. This discovery provides insight into understanding cell behavior and combatting diseases caused by lack of invaginations.
Researchers discover a single molecule, C/EBPa, can transform a B cell into a macrophage by 'short-circuiting' gene expression. This process involves the convergence of two DNA enhancer pathways, allowing for unnatural transdifferentiation. The findings have significant implications for regenerative medicine and cancer treatment.
Researchers created a new rice strain, SUSIBA2, by introducing a single gene from barley, resulting in high starch content and near elimination of methane emissions. This discovery has significant implications for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing food security.
A collaborative team of researchers has identified the mechanism behind one of the most common mutations that enable cancer cells to replicate endlessly. The study found that a specific transcription factor selectively binds and activates the mutant TERT promoter in cancer, leading to elevated TERT expression and cell immortality.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered the mechanism of action for BRD4, a protein critical to AML cell survival. Disrupting this pathway may lead to improved therapeutic strategies and new molecular targets for treating various cancers.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered how early cells make decisions to turn on one genetic program and exclude others. By understanding this process, scientists can create new cells at will for transplantation and tissue repair in diseases such as liver or heart disease.
Researchers at Rockefeller University identified Sox9 as a key molecule controlling stem cell plasticity in hair follicles. Sox9 enables hair follicle stem cells to regain their ability to produce new tissue and heal wounds by amplifying genes associated with stemness.
New connections in gene regulation have been discovered in normal lung cells that may contribute to lung tumor formation. The researchers found that the transcription factor Nkx2-1 regulates lung cell proliferation, tumor growth, and progression by binding to microRNAs.
Researchers found that C2H2-ZF transcription factors evolved to defend the genome from self-replicating parasitic DNA, known as selfish DNA. These proteins eventually took control of genes, including those involved in brain and heart development.
Researchers at CNIO have identified a key regulator of keratinocyte differentiation, Fra-2, which plays a crucial role in the formation of human skin. The study reveals that activation of Fra-2 induces premature differentiation and may hold promise for treating skin diseases.
UC Davis researchers have identified a complex network of genetic controls governing plant root growth, which may help create varieties suited for biofuel production. The study reveals how environmental changes affect the system, with potential applications in improving plant breeding and biomass conversion.
A genetic abnormality drives Ewing sarcoma through two processes: stimulating tumor growth and suppressing cancer development. New therapies may target these mechanisms.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed a method to convert human skin cells into sensory neurons, allowing for the study of pain and itch in a laboratory setting. This breakthrough enables the examination of neurodegenerative diseases such as Friedreich's ataxia and the testing of potential therapies.
Research from University of Eastern Finland finds SIP1 protein expression indicates advanced tumour stage, high recurrence risk, and poor prognosis. The study identifies SIP1 as a potential new prognostic factor for clinical use.
Researchers developed a DNA regulatory technique that modifies a single gene to control its expression and behavioral consequences. The study showed that changes in this gene reduced drug and stress responses in mice, indicating a potential new approach to treating addiction and depression.
Researchers successfully generate neural stem cells that can self-renew and differentiate into neurons, opening the door to transplantation therapies. The breakthrough allows cells to divide repeatedly without ongoing expression of reprogramming factors, making them suitable for therapeutic use.
Fruit fly research reveals that a transcription factor called Mirror regulates tumour-like growth in the intestines. A similar system may be at work in humans, suggesting a potential role for Irx transcription factors in cancer progression. This study could lead to new treatments using the fruit fly model.
Researchers at USC isolated a transcription factor, FBH1, that modulates circadian rhythms based on temperature, allowing plants to adapt to changing environments. This discovery could lead to heartier plants better equipped to deal with climate change.