Scientists used seismic data from 227 East Asia earthquakes to image depths up to 900 kilometers, revealing hidden structures like a high velocity colossus beneath the Tibetan plateau and a deep mantle upwelling in Mongolia. The study could help find hidden hydrocarbon resources and explore the Earth's interior.
A new study published in INFORMS journal refutes conventional wisdom that distracted viewers are less receptive to advertisers' messages. Multitasking viewers visit, browse, and buy advertised products within moments of seeing a commercial.
Researchers found that DRAM2 gene mutations lead to loss of central vision and peripheral vision loss in older individuals, likely due to reduced autophagy and photoreceptor renewal. The discovery sheds new light on the condition and highlights the importance of collaboration between institutions.
A new Caltech study reports that fruit flies display emotion primitives analogous to fear, including valence, persistence, scalability, trans-situationality, and context generalization. The researchers used a fear-inducing stimulus to track the flies' responses, finding that they exhibited these primitive states in their behavior.
A new study reveals that allowing both males and females in hunter-gatherer groups to choose their living companions reduces relatedness among camp members. This increases the number of camps where an individual has one or more kin, facilitating cooperation and information exchange.
A new Harvard University study maps ecosystem service hotspots in Massachusetts, revealing a shift from intact forests to smaller, highly valued ecosystems. The research highlights the need for conservation efforts at multiple scales to sustain the natural environment.
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University has developed a novel computer-aided detection system for acute stroke using computer intelligence technology. The system detects ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes with 90% accuracy, providing timely treatment within the golden hour of stroke onset.
A genome analysis of ten bee species reveals that eusociality evolves differently each time, but shares common trends in gene regulation and complexity. Natural selection relaxes for key genes after complex social forms emerge, as seen in honeybees.
Researchers accelerate wound healing using electrical pulses, significantly reducing recovery time. The technology has potential to be applied to various situations where faster healing is desired.
The opah's unique design allows its entire body to maintain an elevated temperature through counter-current heat exchange in its gills. This adaptation enables the fish to swim faster, react more quickly, and see better, making it a high-performance predator in cold waters.
A new paper published in Biogeosciences confirms that the Earth's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere has increased with rising carbon emissions. This is a positive development, as it suggests that without this increased absorption, CO2 levels would be twice what they are today.
The $3.1 million project, supported by the US Department of Education, aims to develop an educational video game that engages students in learning about water systems and practicing scientific argumentation. Teachers can monitor progress and intervene to support individual needs, using data to adjust the course of the game.
A new study has found an association between vitamin E concentrations and exposure to fine particulate pollution in the general population. Higher levels of alpha-tocopherol, a form of Vitamin E, were linked to lower lung function and reduced exposure to PM2.5.
A new study found that a deep-water fish called the opah harnesses heat generated by flapping its pectoral fins to warm its body. This unique adaptation enables the opah to operate in cold and deep water with high-performance capabilities.
A five-month media campaign in Florida's poorest counties increased black men's awareness of mouth and throat cancer, leading to a 13% rise in first-time screenings. The campaign, designed by UF Health researchers, aimed to reverse the health inequity faced by black men, who have lower survival rates due to delayed diagnosis.
A study published in Medical Care found that higher numbers of unique doctors on staff and increased patient appointments were associated with lower rates of blood pressure normalization. The researchers suggest that busier practices may lead to compromised care due to reduced time and attention for patients.
A new genomic study of bee species found that gene regulation and network complexity are linked to the evolution of social complexity. The research revealed changes in gene activity and DNA methylation as social behavior increased, indicating a 'collective genome' less vulnerable to environmental changes.
A study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that there are nearly 400 HIV-positive potential organ donors in the US who could provide life-saving organs for HIV-positive patients. The study estimates that these donors could reduce the waiting time for transplants, but the quality of their organs is a concern.
The Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project provides valuable resources for researchers to find cures for aggressive brain cancers, offering detailed information about genes and tumor formation. The atlas aims to advance understanding of glioblastoma biology and lead to novel approaches to improve treatment and survival.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab develop CLAIRE, a technique for noninvasive nanoscale imaging of soft matter. This allows for high-resolution observation of dynamics behind nano-sized components in biomolecules, accelerating the development of technologies such as artificial photosynthesis and photovoltaic cells.
Researchers at UT Dallas developed a predictive analytics model to identify congestive heart failure patients with high readmission risk. The study found that health IT systems can reduce readmissions, with hospitals implementing cardiology and administrative information systems exhibiting lower readmission rates.
Researchers have developed a process using laser shock peening technology to alter metal properties, making it stronger and more durable. The technology is being tested for use in passenger aircraft and has the potential to extend both reliability and life.
A study published in Science found that an anti-poverty program providing productive assets, job training, and life-skills coaching increased income by 5%, food consumption by 8%, and savings by 96% among participants over a three-year period. The results demonstrate sustained gains in well-being, with improved mental health and reduce...
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered the mechanism of action for BRD4, a protein critical to AML cell survival. Disrupting this pathway may lead to improved therapeutic strategies and new molecular targets for treating various cancers.
A study published in Cancer Research reveals how renal cell carcinoma reprogrammes its environment to suppress the immune response. The research found that cancer grade significantly impacts this process, with higher-grade cancers exhibiting more aggressive remodelling.
Researchers found that neutrophils can travel to lymph nodes within 8 hours of infection and prime other immune cells for attack. This collaboration between innate and adaptive arms may improve anti-microbial responses and prevent microbial spread.
A NUP/UPNA professor has developed software to connect basic instrumentation to computers, emulating costly communication equipment. This innovation enables economical experimental classes in telecommunications at universities worldwide, particularly in developing countries.
A research team at McGill University Health Centre has developed a potential vaccine that nudges the immune response away from developing allergies, offering hope for Canadians with seasonal allergies. The study uses a molecule called STAT6-IP to redirect the immune system's response, teaching it to tolerate allergens.
The APOC collection documents the success of the Onchocerciasis Control Program (OCP) and its transition to African Program for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC). The partnership has reached over 100 million people across Africa, controlling river blindness, a debilitating disease that causes disfiguring skin disease and eventual blindness.
Researchers confirm strong warming in the upper troposphere, known as the tropospheric hotspot, using publicly available temperature and wind data set. The study reveals a 10% increase in winds over the Southern Ocean, suggesting ozone depletion may be responsible.
Scientists Bevil Conway and his team found impressive individual differences in color perception, with people falling into three main camps. The survey also revealed that perception differed by age and sex, suggesting the influence of light on visual systems. These findings shed light on how different brains interpret colors.
Researchers at Plymouth University have developed EpSMon, an app that helps people with epilepsy assess their risks in between visits to doctors. The app aims to encourage people to register for the safety tool to better manage their condition.
A multifaceted program combining direct aid and training helps ultra-poor households accumulate assets and increase food consumption, with lasting impacts up to a year after the program ended.
Researchers at the University of Kansas are working to improve the detection of life on Mars by combining Raman spectroscopy with gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. They aim to analyze rocks from Earth similar to those found on Mars to strengthen evidence collection, as conditions on the Martian surface are inhospitable.
A study found that repeated schistosome exposure leads to a limited immune response due to the presence of IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells in the skin. These cells help prevent excessive inflammation and allow the parasite to survive by suppressing the immune system.
The Brain and Behavior Research Foundation has awarded $3.9 million in NARSAD grants to 40 independent investigators from around the world. These grants support basic research, new technologies, and next-generation therapies for schizophrenia, major affective disorders, and other serious mental illnesses.
Research suggests single motherhood before age 50 is associated with poorer health in later life, particularly in countries with weak social support safety nets. Single mothers tend to be younger, less well-off, and less educated than dual-parent households.
Researchers have found a molecular 'switch' that safely controls severe side effects associated with haploidentical stem cell transplantation. The switch, inducible caspase 9 (iC9), is activated by a single dose of bio-inert chemical and clears symptoms without jeopardizing graft function.
Research published in JAMA Oncology finds that smoking induces epigenetic changes in cheek cells, which can also be seen in non-smoking related cancers. This discovery provides a potential tool for early detection of breast and gynaecological cancers.
Researchers have discovered a way to stop lupus without suppressing the immune system by focusing on the TACI receptor. Deleting this receptor eliminates lupus in high BAFF levels, leaving natural immunity intact.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic developed a mouse model exhibiting neuropathological and behavioral features associated with C9ORF72 mutation. The study suggests a link between the repeat expansion in C9ORF72 and TDP-43 pathology, potentially leading to therapeutic agents targeting RNA foci and c9RAN proteins.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have found that Tokay geckos harbor bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics, posing a risk to pet owners. The study highlights the importance of pathogen screening in the pet trade to prevent antibiotic-resistant bacteria from entering households.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have found a combination of a cholesterol-lowering drug and a contraceptive steroid to be effective in treating various cancers. The treatment, known as BaP, blocks an enzyme crucial to cancer cell growth and has shown promising results in early stage clinical trials.
Researchers at UC Riverside's Bourns College of Engineering will work with three Southern California water districts to deploy customized smart systems and controls. The project aims to cut electricity use by 10% and save millions of dollars.
The Hastings Center Report delves into the impact of patient-satisfaction surveys on healthcare quality, arguing they may compromise care and raise costs. The issue also examines the role of courage in healthcare, highlighting its limitations in certain contexts.
A new class of protein-based contrast agents (PRCAs) has been developed to detect liver cancer at an early stage, providing robust results. The agent, ProCA32, allows for imaging of liver tumors measuring less than 0.25 millimeters with improved sensitivity and accuracy compared to existing methods.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured false-color images of Siberia's massive wildfires using MODIS instrument. The false color image shows the extent of the burn scars, while the natural-color image highlights actively burning areas outlined in red.
A new study reveals that severe kidney injury during pregnancy is rare, but affects otherwise healthy women who acquire a major complication. Babies born to mothers with severe kidney injury are at increased risk of low birth weight or premature birth.
Researchers found that climate change, specifically warmer soil temperatures and increased southerly flow, led to lower ozone levels in the Houston area. The study suggests that this trend may be applicable to other coastal regions globally.
Scientists at University of Toronto have made breakthroughs in cell transplantation using hydrogel biomaterials, showing potential for partially restoring vision and aiding brain recovery from stroke. The new gel-like material boosts cell survival and integration in the eye and brain, paving the way for stem-cell-based therapies.
A new system using automated analysis of vital signs during emergency transport has been shown to accurately detect life-threatening bleeding in trauma patients, identifying them 75-80% of the time. This technology could save lives by providing faster care and enabling hospitals to be ready for immediate surgery.
A study found that rhino horn is more valuable by weight than gold, diamonds, or cocaine, posing a devastating threat to the world's largest herbivores. The loss of these animals would have drastic implications for ecosystems and human societies, with some species expected to become extinct in as little as 80-100 years.
Regular physical activity among elderly men is linked to a 40% lower risk of death from any cause. The study found that even light physical activity was associated with a significant reduction in risk, and those who engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity lived five years longer than sedentary individuals.
A Kansas State University study found that individuals with a strong belief in pure evil are more likely to support harsh sentences, including life in prison without parole and the death penalty. This belief overrides stereotypes about the offender's character, suggesting that perceived retribution and demonization play a significant r...
A new study suggests a diabetes drug may prevent cardiovascular problems in HIV-positive adults by reducing inflammation linked to heart disease and stroke. The drug, sitagliptin, improved metabolism and reduced inflammation in HIV patients taking antiretroviral therapy.
A phase 1b study has shown impressive response rates of 60-75% in patients with untreated non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy and an anti-PD-L1 agent. The combination therapy was well-tolerated, with no unexpected toxicities.
Scientists have identified a previously unknown pressure drop in volcanic plumbing systems, which can drive magma to explode and erupt. This new trigger could aid volcano-monitoring systems and improve forecasting efforts.
A six-country study evaluates the effectiveness of the 'Graduation model' in boosting livelihoods, income, and health of ultra-poor individuals. The approach, which includes training, asset provision, and savings accounts, shows significant improvements, even three years after implementation.
A new Cornell study found that when school-grown salad greens were incorporated into cafeteria lunches, high school students increased their salad selection by 500% and consumed two-thirds of their salads. However, plate waste also rose, indicating a potential trade-off.
More than half of Medicaid enrollees opt for hospital emergency departments due to convenience and access to technology, rather than primary care clinics. This finding exposes a gap in healthcare services, as patients may avoid costs associated with travel and time away from work but neglect preventive care and chronic disease management.
PharmaMar presents clinical studies showcasing the efficacy of YONDELIS and PM1183 in treating small cell lung cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, and malignant pleural mesothelioma. The studies demonstrate promising results with a response rate of 67% for PM1183 in SCLC.
A study at Brigham and Women's Hospital discovered a genetic variant, SLC9A9, associated with patients' likelihood of responding to interferon-beta treatment. The variant may also play a role in regulating immune cells involved in inflammatory diseases like MS.
A study published at the EuroPRevent congress found that employees in busy workplaces often do not meet recommended levels of physical activity, with only 6% achieving 10,000 steps per day. The research highlights the need for workplace health promotion policies to be more effectively applied to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
A study of 3,353 Chinese adults in Singapore found the prevalence of glaucoma to be 3.2%, with primary open-angle glaucoma affecting 1.7% and primary angle-closure glaucoma affecting 1.5%. The study also highlighted the need for increased public awareness of this potentially blinding condition.
Typhoon Dolphin is a highly developed and organized storm with strong winds of up to 95 knots (109-132 mph) and wave heights of 32 feet. The typhoon is forecasted to bring damaging winds, torrential rains, and high surf to Guam and surrounding islands.
A new study reveals germinated buckwheat has better nutritional value than ungerminated buckwheat due to activated dormant enzymes. This process increases the presence of nutrients and reduces compounds interfering with nutrient absorption.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles found that minimal residual disease alone is not predictive of risk or outcome in children with T-cell leukemia. Despite having few remaining leukemia cells, patients achieved complete remission and had excellent outcomes without intensifying therapy.
A recent study found that nearly a third of college marching band members surveyed observed hazing in their programs, including public verbal humiliation and degradation, yet few reported the activities due to fears of retribution or social standing. The researchers suggest that education and reporting efforts by band directors may be ...
Researchers emphasize the need for more studies on dispersants' effects on microorganisms in marine ecosystems. Standardized methods and consistent metrics are crucial to document dispersant impacts, as existing research reveals inconsistent results.
The researchers found that all test subjects perceived similar color shades with varying lightness but not actual colors. The perception of daylight locus is influenced by the position of the sun, causing variations in lighting conditions.
Researchers devise a replicator dynamics model to analyze the effects of incentives and meta-incentives on resolving social dilemmas. The study finds that allowing a reward-to-reward linkage can resolve the dilemma without any social costs, making it an efficient solution for real-world applications.
A new genomics laboratory in Liberia enables fast tracking of Ebola virus changes, which could impact diagnostics and therapeutics. The lab provides critical viral genomic information to support public health efforts.
A study by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Columbia University reveals a more complex marine phosphorus cycle than previously thought, with microbes playing a key role in using and breaking down forms of the essential element. In the process, about five percent of phosphate is converted to phosphonates in shallow water samples.
New research from psychologists at the University of Kent found that afterlife beliefs help preserve hope among people with low self-esteem, even when faced with mortality salience. In two studies, participants who believed in immortality showed increased hope levels after reading statements about life after death or gene promises.
A new study by geneticists from the University of Leicester has identified nearly 80 genes associated with 'morningness' and 'eveningness' in fruit flies. This discovery could lead to better diagnostics and personalized medicine, where individuals receive tailored therapies based on their unique genetic profiles.
Researchers introduce single-letter DNA change into human red blood cells, increasing oxygen-carrying haemoglobin production and alleviating symptoms of sickle cell anaemia. The approach is effective, safe, and non-inherited, offering a promising alternative to conventional gene therapy.
A genome-wide study found that malnutrition in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy is associated with changes in DNA methylation, which can suppress genes involved in growth, development, and metabolism. These findings have significant implications for understanding the long-term effects of prenatal nutrition on health outcomes.
A comprehensive review of over 40 years of research on bullying reveals its complex nature and negative impact on victims. The study suggests that bullying is a distinct form of interpersonal aggression, with long-term effects that can endure into adulthood.
A study explores the quality of organs from HIV-positive donors for potential transplant use in the US, finding that donor kidneys may be of reduced quality. The study suggests nearly 400 potential organ donors might be available annually, but long-term viability and hepatitis C virus infection could impact organ health.
A new study reports that bathing patients in chlorhexidine was equally effective in preventing MRSA transmission as current contact precautions, reducing contamination events by 29%. The research challenges the practice of limiting patient contact and may provide a cheaper alternative strategy for improving patient care.
Researchers studied flies' response to shadows, finding that they display persistent defensive behavior, generalizable across contexts. The study suggests that flies may help understand the fundamental neurochemistry of fear and emotions.
A novel antibody, Ab926, has been discovered that can prevent E. coli from attaching to human cell surfaces and also dislodge bacteria already attached. This antibody works by binding to the side of the FimH pocket, rather than directly competing with free-floating mannose.
Rises in unemployment are associated with significant increases in prostate cancer mortality, according to the first study to systematically explore this correlation. The effect continued for at least five years after a 1% rise in unemployment, even after controlling for competing factors.
Cedars-Sinai gastroenterologist Mark Pimentel has developed two simple blood tests that accurately diagnose irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in millions of people worldwide. The new blood tests identify specific antibodies reacting to toxins from bacteria, such as salmonella, and confirm IBS diagnosis with greater than 90% certainty.
Researchers have discovered the structure of a key protein on the surface of the mimivirus, aiding efforts to determine its hosts and unknown functions. The R135 protein is similar to an enzyme found in a fungus and may participate in biodegrading lignin, suggesting alternative hosts such as algae.
A new UCL study reveals that sex equality in residential decision-making explains the unique social structure of hunter-gatherers. The research found that when both men and women have influence over camp assortment, group relatedness is much lower due to individuals seeking to live with as many kin as possible.