Articles tagged with Adipocytes
Researchers mapped distinct bone marrow niche populations and their differentiation paths for the production of bone, fat and cartilage. The study identified seven distinct cell states in two branching pathways and showed how transcription factors influence fate decisions to specific bone marrow lineages.
Research at Kobe University reveals that protein secretions by skin cells, keratinocytes, regulate the differentiation of subsurface skin fat cells into white or brown adipose tissue. The study found that suppressing growth factor proteins BMP2 and FGF21 can decrease white fat cell numbers and increase brown fat cells.
Researchers found that fat cells allow melanoma cells to penetrate the dermis and spread to vital organs. They discovered a way to block this transformation using therapies targeting cytokines and TGF beta.
Research found that extracellular vesicles derived from kids' fat can disrupt cholesterol disposal in various tissues, regardless of weight. The study suggests that fat tissue plays a pivotal role in triggering cardiovascular disease, even before symptoms appear.
A new study created the first comprehensive genomic map of fat cells, revealing unique features that appear to 'hard-wire' different types of fat. The findings may guide future research into the drivers of harm arising from fat build-up in different parts of the body.
Researchers found that intermittent fasting reduced pancreatic fat in mice, a key finding in the development of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that excess weight-induced fat accumulation in the pancreas contributes to the onset of diabetes.
Joslin researchers will contribute to mapping specific tissues in the healthy human body using chemical imaging and single-cell sequencing. The goal is to understand how disease affects cells and develop new treatments for metabolic diseases.
Research suggests that humans have lost the ability to shunt fat cells toward beige or brown fat, leading to an increased reliance on calorie-storing white fat. This shift may have provided an energy advantage for human brain growth, but also contributes to modern obesity.
Scientists at the University of Illinois found that three phenolic compounds in cocoa bean shells can repair damaged mitochondria, block inflammation, and restore insulin sensitivity in white fat cells. The study suggests that consuming these compounds could prevent mitochondrial dysfunction in adipose tissue.
New research from Marshall University establishes adipocyte Na/K-ATPase signaling worsens obesity and related diseases, including neurodegeneration and NASH. Targeting the signaling pathway with NaKtide improves metabolic profile and demonstrates therapeutic potential.
Researchers discovered that reprogrammed fat cells release enzymes that suppress bone formation and promote bone breakdown in multiple myeloma. Targeting a molecular complex may help heal bone lesions by restoring PPARγ activity.
A team of researchers at the University of Utah Health has identified TLE3 as a genetic switch that stops the conversion of white fat to beige fat cells, which burn energy more efficiently. Deleting TLE3 in mice resulted in enhanced energy expenditure and weight loss under cold conditions.
Researchers investigating the link between aging fat cells and Alzheimer's disease have found that fat cells play a crucial role in supporting neuronal growth and survival. The study suggests targeting a specific receptor, PPAR-γ2, could lead to a new treatment for Alzheimer's.
Researchers at Temple University Health System found that the heart communicates with fat cells through a signaling enzyme, GRK2, regulating weight gain in patients with heart failure. The study's findings could lead to new ways to modulate weight gain.
Scientists have identified three specific subtypes of precursor cells that go on to become fat cells, which may help determine an individual's health risk. The discovery could lead to the development of new treatments that target 'fast burning' fat cells to prevent weight gain and metabolic disease.
Researchers have identified several classes of adipocyte progenitor cells that give rise to fat tissue in mice and humans. The discovery provides insight into the complex mechanisms underlying fat tissue formation and highlights the importance of targeted approaches to prevent metabolic diseases.
Researchers identified nine types of cells and subtypes in the marrow microenvironment, including vascular endothelial cells and stem cells. The study revealed a critical role of subsets of cells involved in cancer chemotherapy and immune cell production.
The study found that phenolic compounds in purple corn altered the development of fat cells and reduced inflammation and insulin resistance. Different combinations of anthocyanins showed varying effects on these biomarkers.
Removing senescent cells, also known as 'zombie cells,' from fat tissue in obese mice improves glucose levels and insulin sensitivity. The study also shows a decline in inflammatory factors and restored normal fat cell function.
Research suggests that exposure to chemical mixtures present in household dust may contribute to increased growth in children relative to their age and promote the development of fat cells. The study found that very low concentrations of dust extracts were able to promote precursor fat cell proliferation and fat cell development.
Researchers discovered lipid-filled particles (AdExos) released by adipocytes in mice that activate immune function and regulate metabolism. AdExos control the development of immune cells, inducing bone marrow cells to develop into macrophages that digest lipids.
Researchers at Osaka University found that activated adipocyte GRs restrict healthy fat expansion, causing metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance and liver steatosis. Adipocytes are the primary sites of steroid action, contributing to the development of steroid diabetes.
Researchers used a mouse model to isolate stem cells in rotator cuff muscles and calf muscles, finding that rotator cuff stem cells develop into fewer muscle cells and more fat cells. DNA-level studies revealed genes involved in fat metabolism were activated in rotator cuff muscle stem cells.
Researchers identified 727 genes in fat tissue that express their own circadian rhythm, many carrying out key metabolic functions. Morning-peaking transcripts regulate gene expression and nucleic acid biology, while evening-peaking transcripts are associated with redox activity and organic acid metabolism.
Researchers discovered two types of fat tissue cells that help bone heal: pericytes stimulate blood vessel growth and adventicytes form bone cells. Combination therapy using both cells promotes robust bone repair in mice with skull defects.
A new study reveals that blocking the uptake of a hormone called norepinephrine in fat cells increases metabolism and burns stored fat. The discovery highlights the importance of beige fat tissue, which plays a key role in thermogenesis and regulating body temperature.
Researchers successfully converted invasive breast cancer cells in mice into harmless fat cells using two FDA-approved drugs, suppressing tumor growth and metastasis. This breakthrough could potentially deplete a tumor's ability to fight off conventional chemotherapy.
A Penn study reveals that individual genetic variation can predict how well patients respond to certain anti-diabetes drugs, including thiazolidinediones. The researchers identified a specific genetic variation associated with increased cholesterol levels in response to rosiglitazone treatment.
Researchers discovered the pathway that causes dermal fibroblasts to lose their ability to convert into fat cells as people age. This process affects the skin's ability to fight infections, particularly bacterial ones like MRSA. The study may lead to new treatments for obesity, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have developed nanoscale tweezers that can perform single-molecule 'biopsies' on individual cells, extracting DNA, proteins, and organelles without destroying the cell. This technique could help scientists build a 'human cell atlas' and better understand fundamental cellular processes.
A new study suggests that a molecule called BMP8b could be used as a drug to increase the amount of brown fat in humans and make it more active. In mice, increasing BMP8b levels changed some white fat into brown fat, leading to increased energy burn and lower risk of heart attack. Further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a personalized tissue implant technology that uses patients' own cells and materials, allowing for the creation of any type of tissue implant with minimal immune response risk. This breakthrough has the potential to regenerate damaged or diseased organs with high efficiency.
Dermal fibroblasts lose cell identity with age, altering activity and affecting tissue repair. This loss leads to decreased skin barrier function and increased risk of infections.
A new study from Western University identified the gene Panx1 as a key regulator of fat accumulation in mice. The research found that mice lacking Panx1 accumulated more fat and developed insulin resistance, increasing their risk for Type 2 Diabetes. Further studies are underway to explore the link between Panx1 and human obesity.
Researchers at CytoReason used machine learning to analyze melanoma biopsies, identifying adipocytes as potential regulators of the tumor microenvironment. The study suggests that these cells may play a previously unreported role in differentiating nivolumab responders from non-responders in ipilimumab-resistant patients.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that low copper levels in cells make fat cells fatter by altering how they process fuels like fat and sugar. The study adds evidence that copper homeostasis could be a therapeutic target for metabolic disorders, including obesity.
Researchers found that the PGC-1α gene controls the equilibrium of bone and fat in bone marrow and affects how stem cells differentiate into bone or fat cells. Increasing PGC-1α expression may slow down bone loss and decrease bone marrow fat, suggesting a protective role in maintaining the bone-to-fat balance.
Researchers at ETH Zurich discovered a new type of regulatory fat cell called Aregs that inhibits the formation of new fat cells. This discovery opens up promising avenues for future therapies to protect obese people from diabetes and other secondary illnesses.
Researchers found that exposure to fracking chemicals and wastewater at diluted concentrations spurred fat cell development, with effects seen even when samples were diluted 1,000-fold. The study used laboratory models and observed significant increases in fat cell proliferation and lipid accumulation.
Researchers used single-cell transcriptomics to characterize stromal cells in fat tissue and discovered a subpopulation called Aregs that suppresses adipogenesis. These findings provide potential new avenues for treating metabolic diseases like type-2 diabetes.
Researchers investigated brown fat cells after whitening, finding they are more likely to die than white adipocytes. Whitened fat tissue also shows increased inflammation and macrophages. The ketogenic diet regulates metabolites but not brain levels, suggesting changes in plasma metabolism may not always cross the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers found that cardiolipin production in brown fat cells increases calorie-burning and improves insulin sensitivity. Low levels of cardiolipin are linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes.
A recent study by UT Southwestern researchers reveals that the NAD+ molecule plays a crucial role in controlling genes essential for fat cell differentiation and cancer growth. The findings suggest that compartmentalized synthesis of NAD+ integrates cellular information to control gene expression, maintaining metabolic health.
A research team led by Alexander G. Zestos has identified a key signaling pathway that activates beige fat cells to burn energy. The CHRNA2 pathway is crucial for understanding the communication between the immune system and beige fat cells, which could lead to obesity therapies.
Researchers have discovered a molecule directly linked to thermogenesis in beige fat cells, which can be activated by nicotine and acetylcholine molecules. The study suggests that CHRNA2 receptor proteins play a role in energy metabolism, potentially leading to new approaches for combating weight gain after smoking cessation.
Research suggests that everyday products carry environmental chemicals that interfere with hormones, contributing to obesity. By following simple recommendations, such as choosing fresh food and reducing plastic use, individuals can minimize exposure and potentially reduce the risk of obesity.
Researchers found that healthy octogenarians have high cholesterol efflux capacity, a trait linked to reduced early signs of atherosclerosis. Additionally, two microRNAs were identified as drivers of programmed cell death in fat cells, suggesting a potential target for sustainable weight loss.
A University of Houston researcher has activated a kidney cell that could prevent damage from inflammation caused by obesity. The targeted cells express the angiotensin type 2 receptor, which shows anti-inflammatory and reno-protective actions.
Researchers discovered that Stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) secreted from adipocytes reduces insulin effectiveness and glucose uptake in cells. In SDF-1 knockout mice, insulin-induced glucose uptake increased and insulin efficacy improved.
Researchers found that fat cells from obese patients with type 2 diabetes were epigenetically reprogrammed after exposure to palmitate and TNF-alpha. Healthy precursor fat cells also exhibited reprogramming after 24 hours of exposure, suggesting a potential link between diet and metabolic health.
A new study reveals that cold temperatures can transform white fat cells into 'beige' cells, which perform thermogenesis like brown fat cells. This process could potentially reduce the symptoms of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity.
Researchers discovered that DOR protein deficiency stimulates the generation of new adipose cells and leads to a less harmful form of obesity. This type of obesity is characterized by an increase in the number of fat cells rather than their volume, which may be less susceptible to metabolic complications.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute reveal that the loss of p62 in fat cells fuels aggressive prostate cancer by inhibiting energy-consuming processes. This discovery opens new avenues for therapeutic targeting and highlights the importance of considering whole-body metabolism in cancer treatment.
Research by Stanford University School of Medicine researchers provides the first molecular understanding of why people gain weight due to chronic stress and disrupted circadian rhythms. The team identified key molecules involved in controlling fat-cell maturation and found that the timing of glucocorticoid pulses controls weight gain.
A recent study published in Science Immunology highlights a crucial immune cell type involved in healthy weight gain, removing excess fat and regulating blood sugar levels. The discovery offers new insights into the complications of obesity and potential therapeutic strategies to mitigate its effects.
Salk researchers discovered how the ERRγ molecule gives brown fat its energy-expending identity, which could lead to new therapies for obesity and related diseases. The study found that the molecule is active in brown fat cells and plays a crucial role in maintaining their ability to burn energy.
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, found that brown fat cells can be activated to burn calories when stimulated, similar to how muscle cells work. The team identified a potential pathway to trigger this activation and hopes to develop drugs to stimulate brown fat function.
A new messenger protein named GPS2 enables mitochondrial stress signals to reach the nucleus, affecting cell survival and metabolism. The discovery holds promise for understanding and treating mitochondrial diseases, as well as improving insulin sensitivity and combating obesity.
Researchers found that fat body cells in Drosophila propel themselves forward towards wounds using a wave-like motion, effectively sealing them and preventing infection. The cells work together with immune cells to aid healing and increase antimicrobial peptide production.
Researchers found that 6-year-old children born to mothers with very low vitamin D levels during pregnancy had bigger waists and more body fat. Vitamin D supplements during pregnancy might help stem childhood obesity. The study, published in Pediatric Obesity, examined data from 532 mother-child pairs in Greece.