Research on the cell biology of tumors. Covers cancer-cell vulnerabilities, tumor spread, nanoreactor therapies, and AI-guided cancer research.
Early intervention after completed clinical staging leads to increased survival rates in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Surgery within eight weeks from diagnosis significantly improves overall survival.
Researchers found that metastatic cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to capitalize on fructose levels in the liver, leading to unchecked growth and proliferation. This discovery could lead to new therapies targeting metastatic cells and provide insight into how cancers adapt to new environments.
Researchers have developed a refined CAR-T therapy called SUPRA-CART that addresses the three major flaws of traditional CAR-T: target specificity, response strength, and adaptive capability. This new system allows for continuous alteration to target different types of cancer cells and can be deactivated in case of severe side effects.
Researchers have identified key molecular events and genomic profiles in clear-cell renal carcinoma, a type of kidney cancer. The study's findings could lead to the prediction of metastasis patterns and potentially inform new treatment strategies.
Researchers at Umeå University have discovered that adenovirus binds to polysialic acid, a carbohydrate receptor overexpressed on certain types of cancer cells. This finding opens new possibilities for using adenovirus as a treatment for corresponding types of cancer.
Scientists have developed a new microscope that can capture unprecedented 3-D detail of cells in their natural state, overcoming previous limitations. The technology combines adaptive optics and lattice light sheet microscopy to create high-resolution images of cellular dynamics.
A simple handgrip strength test is a good indicator of short- and long-term survival in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients. Patients with weak handgrips were 1.5 times more likely to die within five years, compared to those with strong handgrips.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) originates from blood-forming cells and spreads to organs through the bloodstream, suppressing immune response to survive. Researchers propose an immunotherapeutic strategy with two immune checkpoint inhibitors that block disease development in preclinical tests.
Pancreatic cancer cells rely on autophagy for fuel, a process that can be blocked with an ERK inhibitor. Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center report a synergistic effect when combining the ERK inhibitor with a compound that blocks autophagy to starve cells completely.
Scientists identified critical genetic changes that can lead to kidney cancer, with the first mutation occurring in childhood or adolescence. The findings suggest that early detection and intervention may be possible, particularly for high-risk groups.
Researchers at University of Sydney establish method to identify individual extracellular vesicles (EVs) using resonance-enhanced atomic force microscope infrared spectroscopy. This allows for biomarkers for diverse diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular, kidney and liver disease, dementia, and multiple sclerosis.
Two common iron compounds, ferric citrate and ferric EDTA, have been shown to increase the formation of a known biomarker for cancer, amphiregulin. This is the case even at low doses. The study suggests that these iron supplements may be carcinogenic.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have uncovered the role of MYC and LIN41 in reprogramming cells. They found that MYC helps cells overcome a roadblock, while LIN41 blocks another protein that causes the roadblock, allowing adult cells to successfully convert into induced pluripotent stem cells.
Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University have developed a new method to quickly and efficiently recognize the subtypes of cells within the body. This technology, led by Andrew Adey, allows for profiling thousands of cells simultaneously, improving our understanding of disease at the molecular level.
Researchers found that tungsten oxide nanoparticles selectively target cancer cells while being harmless to healthy cells, opening up new therapeutic possibilities. The particles also exhibit strong antibacterial properties, making them a potential solution for wastewater purification.
Researchers have developed an imaging method for live cells that suppresses photobleaching, allowing observation of individual molecules for up to 400 seconds. This enables study of protein movements and interactions in the cell membrane, shedding light on cellular behavior and potential targets for cancer treatment.
Researchers found that cell shapes play a key role in jamming and unjamming, driving biological events like embryonic development and wound healing. This insight could lead to potential treatments for conditions like asthma and cancer.
Researchers developed a process to observe lipid-flipping enzymes' activity in conjunction with membrane deformation. They found that ATP10A enzyme flips phosphatidylcholine lipids, causing curvature changes that trigger tubule formation, enhancing endocytosis and membrane dynamics.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have identified a key regulator of a cellular pathway that selectively targets mutant p53-R175H proteins, which promote ovarian cancer growth. The study suggests designing drugs directed at this regulator might lead to better ways to control cancer growth.
A new study from Virginia Tech found that fluid shear stress causes cancerous cells to become more aggressive and benign cells to exhibit traits of cancer. This discovery could lead to the development of a predictor for ovarian cancer, enabling earlier diagnosis and potentially saving thousands of lives.
A study by Hiroshima University researchers found that a specific gene group controls DNA damage response in hypoxic cancer cells, weakening the effectiveness of anticancer therapies. Suppressing this gene, DEC2, made cancer cells more sensitive to radiation treatment.
Researchers discovered that asbestos exposure sends exosomes to distant cells, causing genetic changes and potentially leading to cancer or diseases. The findings suggest a new mechanism by which asbestos triggers deadly cancers.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have uncovered new answers about why cells rapidly age in children with a rare disease called Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. The team found that cellular replication stress and a mistaken innate immune response are culprits, and successfully blocked these processes with vitamin D.
A research team at the University of Delaware has developed technology to program strands of DNA into switches that turn proteins on and off. The technology could lead to the development of new cancer therapies and other drugs by activating non-toxic cancer prodrugs into their therapeutic forms.
Researchers at UCLA have created a new method for targeted gene delivery using 'nanospears,' which can enable safer, faster and more cost-effective gene therapies. The nanostructures are biodegradable and can be mass-produced inexpensively, delivering genetic information with minimal impact on cell viability and metabolism.
Researchers have created BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials that demonstrate effectiveness as catalysts, antibacterial agents, and drug delivery systems for treating oncological diseases. The hybrids show high potential for cancer therapy and water disinfection, offering a new approach to combatting these threats.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting autophagy with the help of FOXO3a molecule can push cancer cells into apoptosis. The study found that combining autophagy inhibition with a drug called Nutlin increases PUMA production, leading to cell death.
Researchers at WashU Medicine used CRISPR to engineer human T cells that can attack human T cell cancers without succumbing to friendly fire. The new approach also allows for the use of therapeutic T cells from any healthy donor, eliminating the need for a matched donor or patient's own T cells.
Biochemists have made a discovery that sheds light on the molecular machinery that allows some cells to wiggle their way through tissues. The researchers identified two locations on Arp2/3 where an activator protein touches, promoting cell motility and potentially leading to new opportunities for cancer treatment.
The Scripps Research Institute has developed a new method for creating glycan arrays that can be used to study the interactions between glycans and proteins. The breakthrough, published in Nature Communications, uses enzymes naturally produced by cells to create branching glycans.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a method enabling effective insertion of large molecules into cells using acoustic shear poration and electrophoresis. The approach has achieved greater than 75 percent delivery efficiency of macromolecules, including DNA insertion, which is significantly more challenging.
Researchers discovered that a natural alkaloid extracted from Daffodils, called haemanthamine, blocks the production of proteins by ribosomes in cancer cells, leading to their elimination. The study provides a molecular explanation for the anti-tumoral activity of Daffodils used in folk medicine.
Researchers at Binghamton University have developed a new method of treating pancreatic cancer using dual thermal ablation, which combines heating and freezing to kill cancer cells. The study found that this approach achieves complete cell death in pancreatic cancer cells more effectively than heating or freezing alone.
A new study examines the evolutionary dynamics of cancer development in Barrett's Esophagus patients, revealing influences that lead some cells to remain stable while others become cancerous. The research provides insights into the genetic and chromosomal variations that predict progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma.
ILC2 cells play a crucial role in preventing or slowing metastasis in lung and prostate cancer by unleashing the killing power of T-cells. Researchers have concluded that ILC2 cells may be a potent weapon in stopping cancer from spreading, offering potential treatment for blood-borne and solid tumours.
Researchers have developed a new synthetic bioluminescence system that allows for imaging of cells from outside the body. The bioengineered light source enables tracking of cancer cells in mice and brain-cell activity in monkeys, with potential applications beyond lab research.
A new regulator of the immune system has been identified by a Finnish research group, with potential implications for treating both cancer and immune-mediated diseases. HIC1 protein controls the expression of genes contributing to T cell function and regulates immune response.
Research by Prof. Dr. Prasad Shastri at the University of Freiburg found that cancer cell membrane stiffness affects nanoparticle internalization; increasing stiffness enhances polymer nanoparticle entry through pathways rich in cholesterol.
The discovery reveals that the enzyme RIPK1 decreases mitochondrial numbers, leading to oxidative stress and potential cell death. This finding could lead to a new strategy for eliminating ECM-detached cancer cells and improving patient survival.
Researchers at UC San Francisco have uncovered the architecture of the spindle pole body in yeast, shedding light on its function and potential connections to human centrosomes. The study reveals that the Spc110 protein plays a crucial role in the SPB's structure and may provide a binding surface for its architecture.
A new study published in the British Journal of Cancer found that self-sampling followed by HPV testing can identify twice as many women at risk of cervical cancer. This method also reaches women who have previously chosen not to participate, while reducing costs and increasing effectiveness.
A new machine learning algorithm, SWING, has been developed to uncover the underlying biological networks within cells by analyzing time-series data. This allows researchers to understand how cells make decisions and respond to stimuli, which can lead to strategies for intervening in diseases like cancer.
The study identified specific 'metastatic variant enhancer loci' that drive cancer cell metastasis, and showed that inhibiting these enhancers can halt the spread of tumor cells. Blocking expression of individual genes regulated by these enhancers also diminished metastatic capacity.
Researchers have discovered that naked mole rats are able to inhibit metabolic processes of senescent cells, making them less pathogenic. The rodents' cells also display increased resistance to DNA damage, which may be essential for their longevity and cancer resistance.
Cancer cells can lose multidrug resistance capabilities for days, creating a therapeutic window for chemotherapy. A breakthrough technique uses nanoparticles and near infrared laser treatment to cut off energy supply to efflux pumps, reducing resistance.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University developed a new cyanine dye that can work in water and exhibits fluorescence in acidic conditions. The dye has multiple benefits, including dual fluorescence under near-infrared and visible light, making it suitable for biomedical research.
Researchers discover a two-step process to kill liver cancer cells by silencing an enzyme and adding metformin, potentially accelerating new treatments for this deadly disease. This approach has shown promise in treating liver cancer, where surgery is often not an option and available drugs are only moderately effective.
Researchers investigated naked mole rats' cellular senescence mechanism, finding unique features that contribute to their cancer resistance and longevity. Despite exhibiting senescence similar to mice, naked mole rats display a more structured response to senescence, which may be beneficial for longevity.
Researchers have gained insight into the structure and regulation of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), a gene regulator that controls cell differentiation and cancer development. The study's findings hold promise for developing new therapies for cancer by targeting PRC2 dysfunction.
Researchers identified an enzyme that is absent in healthy colon tissue but abundant in colon cancer cells. The enzyme, GalNAc-T6, attaches sugar molecules to proteins, affecting cell-cell adhesion and leading to abnormal tissue formation. This discovery may lead to new therapies for colon cancer.
Biologists from Konstanz, Ulm, and Karlsruhe decipher the biochemical mechanism of p53 and PARP-1 interaction, significant for tumour biology. The study reveals that the protein p53 is modified through interaction with the enzyme PARP-1, which has far-reaching implications for its regulation.
A new study reveals that starvation of sugar can trigger a unique signaling function in cancer cells, leading to cell death. By manipulating this property, researchers propose a potential combination therapy to target cancer metabolism and selectively kill cancer cells while leaving healthy cells intact.
A comprehensive dataset of cancer cell metabolites has been compiled, showing consistent increases or decreases in certain metabolites across multiple tumor types. The study's findings offer insights into the metabolic programming between normal and cancer cells, with potential applications for novel therapies.
Scientists at Northwestern University discovered that mitochondria and lysosomes directly contact each other in cells to regulate their functions. This rare finding has important implications for understanding normal aging and diseases such as Parkinson's and cancer.
Researchers created a 3D model of telomerase, an enzyme that lengthens chromosome ends, in baker's yeast. The study provides new insights into how telomerase recruits itself to chromosome tips and sheds light on its role in cancer cell survival.
Cancer researchers have developed a new approach to target 'undruggable' cancer-causing genes by attacking the proteins they produce on the cell surface. The study reveals that antibodies against specific proteins can deliver cytotoxic or immunotherapeutic compounds to Ras-mutant cancer cells.
Researchers from Instituto de Medicina Molecular found that TERRA, a functional component of telomeres, must be constantly regulated to prevent telomeric and chromosomal instability. This study sheds light on the molecular basis of genome stability and may pave the way for new therapeutic approaches.
Researchers discovered that nuclei play a crucial role in cell movement, particularly in 3D environments. Cells lacking nuclei or disconnected from the cytoskeleton exhibit reduced mobility on soft surfaces and fail to move in three-dimensional matrices.
Researchers at Uppsala University have discovered a new strategy to shut down specific enzymes that can help fight cancer. By studying the native structures and mechanisms of dehydroorotate dehydrogenase, they found that lipids play a crucial role in binding drugs to this enzyme.
Researchers have solved a longstanding puzzle of how cells compact DNA to enable healthy cell division. They found that single cells can compact DNA 10,000-fold by forming series of compacted loops and anchoring them to a central spiral axis.