Research on the cell biology of tumors. Covers cancer-cell vulnerabilities, tumor spread, nanoreactor therapies, and AI-guided cancer research.
Senescent cells, also known as 'zombie cells,' interfere with tissue function and contribute to aging diseases. Researchers have designed a nano-carrier that selectively targets these cells, releasing drugs to kill them and improving therapeutic outcomes in pulmonary fibrosis and cancer models.
Researchers used proteomics to study the basic biology of Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and listeriosis. They found that BACE1 inhibition increases amyloid precursor protein and other substrates in Alzheimer's, while butyrate activates mitochondrial oxidation and suppresses tumor growth in colorectal cancer cells.
Leukemia cells infiltrate the central nervous system by grabbing onto laminin proteins and zipping down into the meninges region where cerebral spinal fluid circulates. This discovery arms researchers with new ways to target this pathway and potentially shut it down.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have designed a new molecule that successfully targets PCNA, a protein essential for DNA replication in rapidly dividing cancer cells. The molecule shows increased potency over existing PCNA inhibitors and is likely to cause fewer side effects.
A team of international researchers has mapped the family trees of cancer cells in AML to understand its response to enasidenib and how it can be combined with other anti-cancer drugs. The study provides clues about how AML cells become resistant to therapy and may help design future therapy trials.
Scientists have identified a protein called SIRT7 that protects cells against senescence by keeping certain genes turned off. This function is crucial for preventing age-related deterioration and could lead to therapies targeting cellular senescence.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have found a potential therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a deadly blood cancer with a dismal survival rate. By targeting the F-box protein Skp2, they were able to kill AML cells and induce healthy white blood cell regeneration in preclinical tests.
Researchers at Kumamoto University identified optimal PEF conditions for increasing cell membrane permeability to calcium. The study found that larger electric fields produced high calcium intake rates, while smaller fields showed undetectable intake rates initially followed by increased rates.
Carbon nanotubes enable the creation of 'smart' materials for powering electronics, with potential applications in military technology and medical research. The unique properties of carbon nanotubes make them suitable for replacing traditional materials such as copper wire and polyester fibers.
Researchers discovered that pancreatic cancer cells' ability to alter their characteristics and shape affects where metastases form. The presence of E-cadherin protein controls this process, with its absence leading to lung metastases but not liver metastases.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have discovered how the DNA repair protein 53BP1 relocates to chromosomes to fix damage, using RNA molecules as an off/on switch. This finding could lead to new therapies for ovarian cancer by targeting a specific protein called TIRR.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered a built-in molecular brake on human cell division that ensures two complete copies of DNA before cell division, preventing DNA damage and cancer. This process restricts growth to prevent lethal diseases like cancer.
Researchers at UCLA have developed synthetic T cells with near-perfect facsimiles of human T cells, which could lead to more effective treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases. The artificial cells can boost the immune system and interact with immune cells, making them a promising tool in the fight against infections.
Hollings Cancer Center researchers discovered that cancer cells protect their telomeres from damage to prevent cell death, contributing to their long lifespan. By inhibiting this mechanism, the researchers hope to develop a new treatment for cancer and potentially delay aging.
Researchers have developed a new method to diagnose oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) earlier, using the mechanical properties of cancer cells. By testing the relaxation behavior after stress release, they found that OSCC cells are 'softer' and exhibit faster contraction than benign cells.
Researchers found that cancer cells produce excessive BCL-2 protein due to a ribosome defect, helping them survive chemotherapy. A drug suppressing this protein has shown promise in treating T-cell leukaemia with similar defects.
Researchers at NYU School of Medicine discovered that mTORC1 regulates cell crowding, which can cause proteins to solidify and interfere with cellular functions. The study suggests that malfunctioning mTORC1 may contribute to the development of aging diseases.
Scientists have discovered a new gene expression mechanism involving the Spt6 protein, which helps regulate messenger RNA levels in cells. The discovery suggests a potential target for treating cancers and other diseases, as abnormal RNA levels can lead to diseases such as cancer.
A new vehicle peptide has been identified for delivering therapeutically effective peptides to cancer cells. The peptide, termed peptide 1, mimics the dimerization arm of the EGF receptor, which is involved in cellular signal transductions and cancer progression.
A research team at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute identified the molecular trigger for necroptosis, a type of controlled cell death that can lead to diseases like stroke, organ transplant injury, and kidney disease. The discovery could lead to new therapeutic targets for treating cancer and immune disorders.
Recent advances in cancer research focus on inhibiting key enzymes in glycolysis and glutaminolysis pathways to slow cancer cell proliferation. Several inhibitors are being tested in clinical trials, offering a promising new approach to combat cancer.
Researchers at USC Dornsife have discovered how the cell's emergency response team, known as paramedics, uses walking molecules to transport damaged DNA to the nucleus for repair. This process is crucial for preventing cancer formation and has implications for human health and genome editing.
Researchers at Karolinska Institute found that including dying cells in protein analysis improves target identification for cancer drugs. They also identified proteins upregulated in all detached and dying cells, which may be promising chemotherapeutic targets.
University of Alberta researchers discovered 11 genes that play essential roles in cancer cell metastasis, enabling the blockage of over 99.5% of cancer metastasis in living cells. The study suggests potential therapeutic targets for preventing cancer spread.
Researchers have obtained key information about proteins in single human cells, revealing molecular happenings inside a cell. The nanoPOTS technology allows for the analysis of samples that are 500 times smaller than previously possible, providing vital insights into cellular behavior.
The 2018 class of Pew-Stewart scholars is revolutionizing cancer research with promising opportunities to advance treatment, including immunotherapies and responses to these therapies. Their work will open doors to new lines of attack against cancer, addressing unexplored leads in the scientific quest to beat the disease.
Ghost Cytometry uses novel imaging technique and AI to identify and sort cells with unprecedented high-throughput speed. The system enables fast and accurate isolation and diagnosis of cancer cells, improving medical therapies.
The Pew scholars in the biomedical sciences will receive four-year grants to advance their explorations of biological mechanisms underpinning human health and disease. The research aims to solve biomedical puzzles including cancer, infectious diseases, and psychiatric disorders.
A new study found that CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing can activate the p53 protein, which reduces the efficiency of gene editing but also contributes to cancer cell growth. Researchers recommend further studies to improve safety for CRISPR-based therapies.
Researchers have developed a new epigenetic drug that slows down cell growth in Mantle Cell Lymphoma by inhibiting the HDAC6 gene. The substance shows high efficacy in cultured cells, murine studies and patient-derived cells with minimal toxicity to healthy cells.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new nanoparticle-based drug delivery system that targets cancer cells using mechanical properties of diseased cells. The 'mechanotargeting' approach outperforms existing 'chemotargeting' strategy in delivering drugs to targeted cells.
Researchers discovered a key molecular machinery driving DNA segregation in yeast cells, which may hold insights into human chromosome maintenance and cancer development. Cells lacking this machinery, RSC, exhibit abnormal DNA segregation and spontaneous chromosome duplication.
Scientists have found that drug-resistant cancer cells have longer antennae-like structures called cilia, which can be targeted to restore sensitivity to treatment. Blocking growth of cilia restored cells' response to cancer drugs, with nearly doubling effectiveness.
Researchers identified four survival strategies in childhood cancer cells: tolerance, coexistence, competition, and chaos. These strategies are associated with varying outcomes, with increased risk of relapse seen in competition and chaos variants.
Researchers at Ohio State University have made a significant breakthrough in controlling DNA-based robots, reducing response time from several minutes to less than a second. This achievement represents the first direct real-time control of DNA-based molecular machines.
A recent study by UT Southwestern researchers reveals that the NAD+ molecule plays a crucial role in controlling genes essential for fat cell differentiation and cancer growth. The findings suggest that compartmentalized synthesis of NAD+ integrates cellular information to control gene expression, maintaining metabolic health.
A 2013 CLL patient achieved complete remission with a single CAR T cell infusion, sparking insights into the human genome and immune response that may enhance response rates. The successful treatment was linked to the specific location of the CAR gene within the patient's T cell DNA.
Researchers found that activating olfactory receptor OR51E2 in prostate cancer cells causes aggressive castration-resistant disease, suggesting a new treatment approach. Blocking the receptor with specific molecules or scents could provide a new way to treat prostate cancer.
Scientists at Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute have identified a novel cellular mechanism that can lead to cancer metastasis. The researchers found that the formation of gap junction structures allowing cells to communicate was disrupted during epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), despite an abundance of connexin 43 proteins.
Breakthrough lab-on-a-chip technology allows scientists to isolate single cells, analyse them in real time and observe their complex signalling behaviour. This technology holds great promise for developing new treatments for diseases.
Researchers from EPFL have created an optofluidic device that allows them to observe cells in real-time without disrupting their environment. This technology enables the monitoring of chemical secretions and offers a powerful tool for studying individual cell behavior, which can inform new treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
The study combines STED and SICM microscopy to link protein actin with cell membrane nanostructure, shedding light on the role of the cell membrane in migration processes. This technique offers novel insights into the biochemical organisation of cells and their surrounding membranes.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba have discovered that a selenium-enriched diet can partially repair cell damage caused by the pesticide DDT in mice. The study found that selenium stimulates antioxidant defenses in cells, preventing oxidative stress and damage similar to cancer cells.
Scientists found that non-diploid cells have unstable centrosomes and microtubules, leading to abnormalities in cell replication. This understanding could lead to new cancer treatment strategies.
A team of scientists led by University of Montana cell biologist Mark Grimes has identified networks in lung cancer cells that will help understand the disease and develop targeted treatments. The study used large-scale data analysis and mathematical approaches to define signaling pathways in lung cancer cells.
Scientists created self-contained spaces inside mammalian cells using bacterial proteins, allowing for controlled enzymatic reactions and iron biomineralization. This technology could aid in cell therapy, gene reporting, and sorting, opening new avenues for biomedical research.
Research by Swansea University and Indian team finds that tea leaf extract-based nanoparticles inhibit lung cancer cell growth, destroying up to 80%. Quantum dots produced from tea leaves also show promise in bioimaging and anticancer applications.
Recent studies suggest tRNAs and tRNA fragments are involved in cellular processes associated with diseases such as cancer, viral infections, and neurodegenerative disorders. Dr. Todd Lowe's lab is characterizing all 500 human tRNA genes to determine their roles in the cell.
Researchers found that combining erectile dysfunction drugs with the flu vaccine can reduce cancer spread by over 90% in a mouse model. The treatment works by blocking immune cells that suppress the immune system after surgery, allowing natural killer cells to fight cancer more effectively.
A team led by CSHL Professor Douglas Fearon found that dormant cancer cells are already in the liver before surgery, expressing MHC1 and CK19 markers. In a post-operative stress-induced state, these cells re-express markers and begin to divide, forming seeds of metastatic lesions.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have discovered the molecular structure of a cellular valve, which plays a crucial role in regulating cell volume. The study reveals potential approaches for treating conditions such as cerebral ischemia, stroke, and cancer by targeting this protein.
Early-stage colon cancers can be surgically removed but later stages require targeted treatments. Researchers discovered that colon cancers are composed of two different cell types with the ability to replace each other after one is killed.
Scientists have discovered two antioxidant enzymes that work together to prevent telomeric DNA oxidation, leading to telomere shortening and eventual cell death. Disrupting these enzymes in cancer cells has shown promising results in preventing the enzyme telomerase from extending telomeres.
Researchers identified metarrestin as a compound that stops tumor metastasis in animal models. The compound effectively blocks the spread of pancreatic and other cancers, with mice treated with metarrestin having fewer tumors and living longer.
Researchers have identified over 100 potential new targets for cancer treatment using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry technology, which could lead to the development of personalized medicine and targeted therapies.
A team of biophysicists from FAU presents a mathematically concise method for comparing different pricing models, predicting more accurately how parameters such as volatility change over time. This method enables researchers to identify triggering events in real-time and pinpoint invasive cancer cells.
A new study found that cells with abnormal centrosomes are present before they transform into cancer cells in patients with Barrett's esophagus. Centrosome amplification was found to be a hallmark of human tumors and may contribute to the initiation and progression of various cancers.
Scientists have identified a critical function of the PDK1 signaling pathway in cancer cells, which regulates the formation of a three-protein complex that facilitates purine production and thiamine synthesis. This discovery may lead to new insights into the causes of metastasis and potential ways to prevent it.
Researchers discover a new protein called ZUFSP that plays a key role in maintaining genetic stability, which is crucial for preventing cancer and other diseases. The study highlights the potential of ZUFSP as a target for drug development, particularly in treating cancer.
Researchers have developed a new way to introduce molecules and therapeutic genes into human cells using ultrafast compression, which can improve cell transfection efficiency. The technique involves compressing cells in microfluidic devices, causing them to take up surrounding fluid and macromolecules.