Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
Scientists at USC have discovered a new type of drug that works by targeting Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) in ovarian cancer cells. The drug, PACMA31, has shown promise in reducing the number of doses needed and making it effective for patients with resistant cancer.
A new study found that lactoferricin4-14, a milk protein, reduces colon cancer cell growth and DNA damage by prolonging the cell cycle and increasing DNA repair. This suggests that milk's cancer-preventive effects may be linked to its ability to promote DNA repair in normal cells.
Scientists focus on RNA processing differences in cancer cells to understand their role in tumor development. Alternative RNA splicing occurs more frequently in cancerous cells, but its biological importance is unknown.
Researchers found that DNp63a employs epigenetics to silence anti-proliferative genes, keeping cancer cells alive independently of p53. This discovery opens up new possibilities for targeting the protein's partner enzymes to break its cancer-causing mechanism.
Researchers developed a new method to identify proteins secreted by cells, eliminating drawbacks of traditional approaches. This technique isolates the 'secretory pathway' organelles and analyzes their contents using mass spectrometry, providing precise data on cell biology.
A new approach devised by EMBL scientists enables the distinction of proteins secreted by cells from those in their food, allowing measurement of secretion changes over time. This method has opened new avenues for drug and biomarker screening, as well as studying cell responses to drugs and 3D growth conditions.
Researchers have successfully imaged cells growing on spherical surfaces using a novel class of substrates. This technique has potential applications in cancer detection and treatment, as well as stem cell differentiation and tissue engineering.
Researchers at Northwestern University have identified two promising therapies to treat AMKL: alisertib and dimethylfasudil. Alisertib targets Aurora A kinase and shows promise in mouse models, while dimethylfasudil boosts mature bone marrow cells and inhibits malignant ones.
Researchers tested APR-246 on 22 patients with advanced blood or prostate cancer, finding indications that the substance restored p53 gene function and triggered cancer cell apoptosis. In two patients, tumor regression was observed, suggesting potential clinical benefits.
Scientists from CNIO describe natural selection at the cellular level, where tissues and organs select the 'best' cells to fend off disease processes. The study reveals the role of haemocytes in eliminating cell residues, shedding light on mechanisms of homeostasis and potential cancer detection.
Two new studies have identified novel genes and patterns of mutations involved in lung cancer, with significant differences found between smokers and non-smokers. These findings could lead to targeted therapies to improve survival rates and outcomes for lung cancer patients.
Researchers found a cellular cause of birth defects like cleft palates and missing teeth by blocking an ion channel that disrupts protein signaling pathways. This discovery may lead to the prevention of birth defects and has potential implications for cancer treatment.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have successfully infected various types of canine cancer cells with a pox virus while sparing healthy cells. The study's findings suggest that viral therapies could complement or replace standard cancer treatments, making it a promising approach for treating dog cancer.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have found a small molecule, P5091, that triggers programmed cell death in drug-resistant myeloma cells. Combining P5091 with other therapies enhances its anti-myeloma effects.
Researchers found that standard chemotherapy with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab is equally effective as an experimental regimen in treating advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. The study suggests that both regimens are tolerable but have different toxicities.
A genome-wide scan of small cell lung cancers reveals an association between SOX2 gene amplification and aggressive disease. Overproduction of SOX2 proteins may ignite or sustain abnormal cell growth in the lung.
Researchers suggest a 'cyber war' on cancer by breaking the code of cancer cells' social behavior, similar to bacterial colonies. This approach could help prevent dormancy and reawaken cells for targeted chemotherapy attacks.
Researchers created a synthetic protein that binds to degraded collagen, which is often damaged by disease. This protein can detect cancerous cells, arthritis, and other diseases in the body. The technique may lead to new diagnostic imaging technology and treatment options.
Researchers have identified molecular compounds that activate a key enzyme, PKM2, which governs how cancer cells use glucose and its metabolites. These compounds delay the formation of tumors in mice by correcting the altered metabolic state of cancer cells, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a new class of genes, dubbed CYCLOPS, that may serve as an Achilles' heel for many forms of cancer. These genes, which are essential to all cells but have been disrupted in cancer progression, can be targeted with drug molecules to block cancer cell proliferation.
Researchers propose targeting cancer cell communication to inspire new therapeutic approaches and potentially reactivate dormant cells. Cancer cells exhibit social behaviors like bacteria, including cooperation, task distribution, and immune evasion.
Researchers uncover chromosomal translocations that cause cancer, potentially leading to targeted therapies and personalized treatment. The study's findings may enable doctors to offer more accurate prognoses and inform treatment decisions.
Scientists have identified genetic alterations underlying a high-risk subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that can be effectively targeted with existing leukemia therapies. The study suggests patients with Ph-like ALL may benefit from the addition of imatinib and dasatinib to current chemotherapy regimens.
Researchers at Queen's University Belfast have discovered a new protein that plays a crucial role in regulating the spread of cancer cells. By targeting this protein, new therapies may be developed to prevent cancer from spreading.
Scientists are exploring ways to target cancer cells by attacking defective genes before protein production, leveraging micro RNAs (miRNAs) and their interactions with messenger RNAs. miR-7 and miR-128 affected pathways related to cell adhesion, EMT, and cellular replication in ovarian cancer cells.
Researchers have identified a new direction for cancer therapy by discovering a mutant form of the Chk1 gene that permanently stops cancer cell proliferation and causes cell death. This finding has the potential to reduce toxicity in cancer treatment, allowing physicians time to fix genetic errors.
A new study published in the FASEB Journal reveals that a molecule called 'flightless' significantly helps control cell movement through tissues. By increasing the stickiness of cells to underlying tissue, flightless slows their movement and may prevent cancer from spreading from one tissue to another.
A new biomarker, pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), has been identified as a predictor of response to chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. PDXK expression levels are associated with survival rates and treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have developed a safer method for steadying abnormal heart rhythms, using photodynamic therapy to target specific cells causing the arrhythmia. This cell-specific approach aims to decrease unwanted cell injury and inflammation, paving the way for more effective therapies.
Researchers found that paxillin regulates cell growth even in hormone therapy-resistant tumors, providing a new treatment target for advanced prostate cancer. The discovery could potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies that selectively attack cancer cells while leaving healthy cells intact.
Researchers at Arizona State University's Biodesign Institute developed the Cellarium, a live cell array technology that enables unprecedented insights into individual cell behavior. The system allows for dynamic measurements of live single cells, providing valuable clues to health and disease.
Researchers suggest using multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) models to improve cancer drug discovery, as they more accurately mimic human tumors. MCTS models can help identify specific genetic mutations targeted by drugs and interact with the surrounding environment.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) can harness the immune system to eradicate residual malignant cells in drug-resistant mantle cell lymphoma. This strategy could provide a new approach for patients with therapy-resistant MCL.
Scientists at the Salk Institute have developed a protocol to convert cord blood cells into neuron-like cells, which may represent a new therapeutic option for neurological conditions. The method uses a single protein, Sox2, and demonstrates the conversion of cord blood cells into functional neurons.
A UCSF study reveals that a rare type of liver cancer may develop when one type of liver cell morphs into a totally different type, triggering tumors in mice. The discovery suggests that drugs targeting specific genes may provide a way to treat the deadly cancer.
Research established RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) activity as essential for cancer cell survival, and its inhibition with CX-5461 selectively activates p53 to kill tumors. The drug was shown to be 300 times more potent than non-genotoxic p53 activators.
A lipid, ceramide, helps cells find their way by keeping their antennae up, enabling direction and signal response. This function is crucial for maintaining proper cell locations, such as brain cells staying in the correct region.
A new strategy for treating aggressive skin cancer involves inducing cell differentiation to prevent tumor growth. Researchers identified a molecular mechanism that promotes the disappearance and inhibition of skin squamous cell carcinoma development.
Researchers have found that blocking a fundamental process deep within cancer cells can selectively kill them and spare normal cells. This discovery reveals that accelerated reading of ribosomal genes is responsible for causing abnormal nucleoli and is necessary for the survival of cancer cells.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that the loss of microRNA-125b (miR-125b) shuts down normal cell metabolism and enables cancer cells to proliferate. The study reveals a new mechanism by which chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) develops, providing potential targets for new drugs.
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered that ACA11, a non-coding RNA, helps protect cancer cells from damage and makes them resistant to chemotherapy. This finding may lead to new cancer therapeutics and help guide research into better treatments for patients with multiple myeloma.
Researchers discovered that combining EGFR inhibitors with Wnt pathway inhibition can improve the durability of lung cancer remission. The Wnt pathway allows lung cancer cells to escape from EGFR-targeted therapy, but disrupting this pathway could lengthen the usefulness of existing treatments.
Researchers at UCLA found that glucose starvation activates a metabolic and signaling amplification loop that leads to cancer cell death. The discovery reveals the power of systems biology in uncovering relationships between metabolism and signaling.
Weill Cornell researchers devise innovative boxer-like strategy to deliver one-two punch to multiple myeloma by weakening defenses and then killing cancer cells. The approach, using two anti-cancer drugs, shows potential for treating other tumor types.
Researchers at Notre Dame have engineered nanoparticles that can target cancer cells in bone marrow, reducing the development of drug resistance and allowing for more effective treatment. The particles also reduce toxic side effects on healthy organs, promising a new approach to multiple myeloma therapy.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy is an effective treatment option for elderly patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment did not negatively impact health-related quality of life, and functional and symptom outcomes remained stable after two years.
A new study at University of Illinois Chicago found that the enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) helps cancer cells survive during initial tumor formation and when they spread to other organs. AMPK promotes cell survival by regulating NADPH, a molecule that reduces harmful reactive-oxygen species.
A team at NIST has developed a method to calibrate and optimize color-based imaging techniques for medical applications. This enhancement enables surgeons to detect specific cell types with improved accuracy. The NIST effort is part of a larger initiative to evaluate and validate optical medical imaging devices.
A population of cells in the squamo-columnar junction of the cervix have been found to be responsible for most HPV-associated cervical cancers. These cells can become cancerous when infected with HPV, while other cells in the cervix appear to be resistant to infection.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have developed two new ruthenium complexes that are up to 200 times more toxic and three times more potent than cisplatin against tumor cells. These complexes become activated when exposed to light, reducing their impact on healthy cells.
Researchers found that mitochondrial DNA mutations are lower in colon cancer cells than normal cells, contradicting previous beliefs. This discovery suggests that increasing mitochondrial DNA damage may lead to cancer cell death with minimal side effects.
A phase II clinical study shows that vismodegib can dramatically shrink basal cell skin cancers and prevent new ones in patients with basal cell nevus syndrome, a rare genetic condition. The treatment offers an alternative to surgical removal, but side effects remain a consideration.
Researchers have identified a prototype compound that can directly activate the BAX protein, leading to apoptosis in cancer cells. This new paradigm for designing cancer drugs may lead to new therapeutic strategies.
Studies show that ligand cells produce pulling force to pull on Notch, activating cellular responses. The findings provide compelling evidence for the role of mechanical force in Notch signaling, potentially leading to new therapeutic targets for diseases related to Notch signaling.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a biochip-based device that can rapidly screen cells for leukemia or HIV. The device uses microfluidic drifting technology to focus particles or cells in a single stream, eliminating the need for bulky lenses and mirrors, and potentially reducing costs to $1,000 from current prices of $100,000.
Researchers have found that cancer cells may require simpler genetic mutations than previously thought to grow and proliferate. The most common hemizygous deletions in cancer involve tumor suppressing genes called STOP genes, which are haploinsufficient, meaning they depend on two copies to function normally.
Researchers developed a stapled BIM BH3 peptide that competitively binds to anti-apoptotic proteins, leading to enhanced apoptosis in cancer cells. The compound suppresses tumor growth in mice and works synergistically with other pharmaceutical agents.
Scientists develop a technique to measure internal cell temperatures without altering cellular metabolism, opening doors for studying metastasis and differentiating healthy from cancerous cells. The 'fluorescence polarisation anisotropy' method uses green fluorescent proteins to provide non-invasive temperature readings.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a method to repeatedly encode, store and erase digital data within the DNA of living cells. This breakthrough enables the creation of a binary digit equivalent to a 'bit' in data parlance.
A new study describes a compound that selectively kills cancer cells by restoring the structure and function of mutant p53. This finding supports the development of rationally targeted cancer therapies and has potential for treating 30,000 patients annually in the US.